2.1.1 Atomic Structure and Isotopes Flashcards
What are isotopes?
Atoms of the same element with different numbers of neutrons/different masses but the same number of protons
What is the atomic number?
The number of protons
What is the mass number?
The number of protons and neutrons
What are the relative charges and masses of the subatomic particles?
Proton = +1, 1
Neutron = 0, 1
Electron = -1, 1/2000
What gives a negative ion?
When there are more electrons then protons
What gives a positive ion?
When there are more protons than electrons
What does relative isotopic mass mean?
The mass of an isotope compared with 1/12th mass of carbon-12
What does relative atomic mass mean?
Weighted mean mass of an atom of an element compared with 1/12th mass of carbon-12
What is mass spectrometry used in?
The determination of relative isotopic masses and relative abundances of isotopes
What is plotted on a graph from a mass spectrometer?
- The m/z ratio against % abundance
- The m/z ratio is the mass charge ratio which is usually 1+
What is the relative molecular mass?
The sum of all the atomic masses of the atoms in the compound
