2.1 The chemical Level of Organization Flashcards
Identify the main chemical elements of the human body. Describe the structures of atoms, ions, molecules, free radicals, and compounds.
Elements are given _____symbols
Chemical
Oxygen, carbon, hydrogen, and nitrogen are examples of____
Elements
The two types of elements in the body are
Major elements and trace elements
Oxygen, carbon, and hydrogen are examples of ______ elements.
Major
Which element with only .005 % of the total body mass but is still considered a major element?
Iron
Aluminum, iodine, and manganese are all examples of _____ elements
Trace
The science of the structure and interactions of matter.
Chemistry
Smallest unit of matter.
Atom
3 types of atoms:
Protons, neutrons, and electrons
Chemical elements are composed of units of matter of the same type called _____
Atoms
The number of protons in the nucleus of an atom =
Atomic number
The # of protons and neutrons in an atom =
Mass number
Different atoms of the same elements that have the same number of protons but different number of neutrons are called ____
Isotopes
Each atom is electrically neutral. True or false?
True
Unstable isotopes are called
Radioactive
Average mass of all stable atoms of a given element in daltons is referred to as____ ____
Atomic mass
An atom that has lost or gained electrons is called a/an_____
Ion
2 or more atoms sharing electrons is a/an_____
Molecule
A substance that can be broken down into 2 or more different elements is a/an_____
Compound
The ___-____ of an isotope is the time required for half of the radioactive atoms in a sample of that isotope to decay into a more stable form.
Half-life
A ___. ____ occurs when atoms are held together by forces of attraction
Chemical bond
The outer most shell
Valence shell
The two different kinds of bonds are
Ionic bonds & covalent bonds
A bond with two or more atoms share electrons rather then gaining or losing them is called a/an____ _____.
Covalent bond
Standard unit for measuring the mass of atoms and their subatomic particles is a ____.
Dalton
Atomic weight is another way of referring to
Atomic mass
The ___ ____ of an element is the average mass of all its naturally occurring isotopes.
Atomic mass
The tendency of like particles to stay together is called
Cohesion
The measure of the difficulty of stretching or breaking the surface of a liquid is called
Surface tension
