21. Rad studies of GI Flashcards
LO2: pt positioning to detect free air (2) (3-causes, a-c)
1) Upright
2) Decubitus, cross-table lateral
3) Causes
a) perf
b) postop
c) postprocedure
LO3: X-ray use (4)
1) Bones
2) Stones/calcifications
3) Gas
4) Mass
LO4: Contrast agents-benefits, risks, complications (3 + and -)
1) Air
2) Barium
+ better to evaluate luminal obstruction
-Avoid upstream of mechanical colon obstruction
3) Iodinated water-soluble
+ gut perf
- avoid high osmolality in proximal GI obstruction -> aspirate to Pulmonary edema
LO5: ACR Appropriateness Criteria
Look up Sx
Modality w highest score should be used.
LO3: Fluoroscopy types (6)
1) Barium swallow
2) Esophagram
3) Upper GI
4) Small bowel follow through (SBFT)
5) enteroclysis
6) barium enema
LO3: US
\+ 1) no ionizing rad 2) safe in peds and prego 3) Real Time 4) Portable - 1) Operator dependent 2) Effected by body habitus and gas
LO3: CT (w/o contrast 1, w contrast 5, - 5)
w/o contrast 1) renal stone or hemorrhage w contrast 1) ischemic 2) infxs 3) inflamm 4) Trauma 5) tumor - 1) contrast nephrotoxic 2) contrast allergy 3) Tissue injury from rad 4) Carcinogenesis from rad 5) CI in prego
LO3: MRI (+ 2, - 3
+
1) no ionizing rad
2) Low risk of allergy to gadolinium
-
1) CI w/ heart valve, pacers, and metallic objects
2) Longer than CT
3) Nephrogenic systemic fibrosis (NSF) in pts w/ severe renal dysfxn
LO3: Nuclear Medicine (+ 1, -2
\+ 1) fxnl info not available w other modalities - 1) spatial resolution is inferior 2) limited application
LO3: Angiography/IR, when used, what is it used for
1) Used mostly for TX not Dx
2) GI bleed
3) biliary obstruct
4) Image-guide biopsy
5) abscess drainage
6) Feeding tube
7) Portal HTN
8) IR oncology
LO3: Fluoro patterns of GI abnl (5)
into lumen, gut walll, away from gut, 2 others
1) project into lumen -polyp, mass
2) gut wall- abnl fold pattern
3) Away from gut lumen-ulcers, diverticula
4) Distension
5) Narrowing
