21 - Parasympathetic CNs Flashcards
Four of the twelve pairs of cranial nerves carry parasympathetic information. These nerves are…
Oculomotor (III) Facial (VII) Glossopharyngeal (IX) Vagus (X) ***Trigeminal (V)
The oculomotor nerve carries two modalities, which are…
GSM
GVM
In the GSM modality of the oculomotor nerve, the cell bodies of these motor neurons are located in the oculomotor nuclear complex. They go from the oculomotor complex, through the _______ _______ _______ and to 4 of 6 of the extrinsic muscles of the eye, and the levator palpebrae superioris.
Superior orbital fissure
What are the 4 extrinsic muscles of the eye that the oculomotor nerve innervates?
Superior rectus
Inferior rectus
Medial rectus
Inferior oblique
In the GVM modality of the oculomotor nerve, the (PREGANGLIONICS/POSTGANGLIONICS) go from the Edinger-Westphal nucleus through the superior orbital fissure and to the ciliary ganglion.
Preganglionics
In the GVM modality of the oculomotor nerve, the (PREGANGLIONICS/POSTGANGLIONICS) go to the constrictor pupillae and ciliary muscles.
Postganglionics
This cranial nerve carries the parasympathetic fibers that control the shape of the lens and pupil.
Oculomotor (CN III)
The trigeminal nerve (CN V) is named for its three major branches, which are sometimes referred to as separate nerves or divisions. These branches are…
Ophthalmic (V1)
Maxillary (V2)
Mandibular (V3)
This division of the trigeminal nerve enters the orbit along with the oculomotor, trochlear, and abducens nerves. It is a general sensory nerve to the orbit and its contents.
Ophthalmic (V1)
This division of the trigeminal nerve conveys sensation to the nose, skin above the eye, including upper eyelid but not lower eyelid.
Ophthalmic (V1)
This division of the trigeminal nerve has sensory fibers that reach the eyeball either through the short or long ciliary nerves. Long ciliary nerves also convey sympathetic fibers to the dilator muscle of the pupil.
Ophthalmic (V1)
What are the branches of the ophthalmic nerve?
Frontal nerve
Lacrimal nerve
Nasociliary nerve
This division of the trigeminal nerve provides sensation to the maxillary region. Its branches include infraorbital, anterior superior alveolar, zygomatic, palatine, nasal, and posterior superior alveolar (see lecture 17).
Maxillary (V2)
This division of the trigeminal nerve provides sensation to the mandibular region. Its branches include motor branches to the four muscles of mastication, auriculotemporal (sensory to scalp behind jaws, inferior alveolar, lingual, and buccal.
Mandibular (V3)
The trigeminal nerve is not a parasympathetic nerve, but branches of the _______ nerve piggy-back on some of the branches of the trigeminal nerve, and so it is considered so sometimes.
Facial
The ________ nerve is the major sensory nerve to the face (GSS).
Trigeminal
T/F. The trigeminal nerve also supplies the tongue, but this is general sensory, not special sensory for taste.
True
The trigeminal nerve also supplies motor innervation to muscles of ________ (SVM), muscles derived from first pharyngeal arch (mandibular arch).
Mastication
This nerve is the largest of the twelve cranial nerves.
Trigeminal (CN V)
In the GSS modality of the trigeminal nerve, cell bodies of sensory neurons are located in the trigeminal (semilunar) ganglion. These neurons carry sensory information from…
Face and anterior scalp Conjunctiva and eyeball Paranasal sinuses Nasal and oral cavities Anterior 2/3 of tongue External surface of ear drum Dura of middle and anterior cranial fossae
In the SVM modality of the trigeminal nerve, cell bodies of these motor neurons are located in the masticular nucleus. These motor neurons supply…
Muscles of mastication (temporalis, masseter, pterygoids) Tensor veli palatini Tensor tympani Mylohyoid Anterior belly of gastric
This cranial nerve is the primary motor nerve to muscles of facial expression.
Facial (VII)
The _______ nerve supplies muscles of facial expression derived from the second pharyngeal arch (hyoid arch) (SVM).
Facial
T/F. The facial nerve also carries general sensory fibers (GSS) as well as special visceral sensory fibers (SVS).
True
The facial nerve carries general visceral motor (GVM) fibers as part of the __________ system.
Parasympathetic
What are the motor branches of the facial nerve?
Temporal Zygomatic Buccal Mandibular Cervical
In the SVM modality of the facial nerve, cell bodies of these motor neurons are found in the motor nucleus of CN VII. Nerve fibers exit through the _________ foramen.
Stylomastoid
In the SVM modality of the facial nerve, branches of the facial nerve supply which muscles?
Mimetic muscles
Stapedius
Stylohyoideus
Posterior digastric
In the GSS modality of the facial nerve, cell bodies of the sensory neurons are located in the geniculate ganglion. It supplies what?
Part of external ear
In the SVS modality of the facial nerve, cell bodies of these sensory neurons are located in the geniculate ganglion. Carry taste sensation from anterior 2/3 of tongue and ______ and ______ ______.
Hard and soft palate
In the SVS modality of the facial nerve, cell bodies of primary sensory neurons are located in ________ _______. Secondary neurons originate from _______ _______. Tertiary neurons end in ________.
Geniculate ganglion
Solitary nucleus
Thalamus
In the GVM modality of the facial nerve, cell bodies of (PREGANGLIONIC/POSTGANGLIONIC) neurons are located in superior salivatory nucleus and lacrimal nucleus.
Preganglionic
In the GVM modality of the facial nerve, cell bodies of (PREGANGLIONIC/POSTGANGLIONIC) neurons are found in submandibular (sublingual) and pterygopalatine ganglia.
Postganglionic
In the GVM modality of the facial nerve, what is supplied?
Lacrimal gland
Submandibular and sublingual glands
Mucous glands (oral and nasal)
Note that the ________ nerve branch of CN V carries part of the SVS and preganglionic GVM fibers of CN VII.
Lingual
Note that preganglionic fibers to the pterygopalatine ganglion make up the _______ _______ nerve and pass through the pterygoid canal as the nerve of the ________ ________.
Greater petrosal nerve (GPN)
Nerve of the pterygoid canal (NPC)
Postganglionic fibers from the pterygopalatine ganglion use the _______ and _______ branches of CN V to reach the lacrimal gland.
Zygomatic
Lacrimal
Peculiar branches of the facial nerve split off from inside the petrous part of the temporal bone before the nerve leaves the _________ _________ and carry the parasympathetic part of the facial nerve.
Stylomastoid foramen
The greater petrosal nerve merges with the deep petrosal nerve carrying sympathetic fibers from around the internal carotid. These two petrosal nerves join to form what nerve?
Nerve of the pterygoid canal
The chorda tympani branches from the facial nerve inside the petrous portion of the temporal bone. It emerges into the rear of the middle-ear cavity and runs along the inner surface of the eardrum. Then it joins the ________ nerve of V3 (mandibular).
Lingual
What are all the modalities of CN IX (glossopharyngeal)?
SVM GVM GVS GSS SVS
In the SVM modality of the glossopharyngeal nerve, cell bodies of these motor neurons are found in the nucleus ambiguous. These motor neurons supply the _________ muscle (third arch).
Stylopharyngeus
In the GVM modality of the glossopharyngeal nerve, cell bodies of preganglionic neurons are in the _______ _______ ________. Cell bodies of the postganglionic neurons are found in the _______ _______.
Inferior salivatory nucleus
Otic ganglion
In the GVM modality of the glossopharyngeal nerve, what is supplied?
Parotid gland
In the GVS modality of the glossopharyngeal nerve, cell bodies of these sensory neurons are found in the inferior ganglion. These neurons carry sensation from the _______ ______ and _______ _______.
Carotid body
Carotid sinus
In the GSS modality of the glossopharyngeal nerve, cell bodies of these sensory neurons are found in the superior or inferior ganglion. These neurons carry sensation from the…
Posterior 1/3 of tongue
External ear
Middle ear cavity
In the SVS modality of the glossopharyngeal nerve, cell bodies of these sensory neurons are found in the inferior ganglion. These neurons carry taste sensation form the…
Posterior 1/3 of tongue
The vagus nerve provides motor innervation to muscles of the ________.
Larynx
Muscles of the larynx are from the fourth and fifth pharyngeal arches. Important in ________ and _______.
Swallowing speaking
The ________ nerve is the major parasympathetic nerve to thoracic and abdominal organs. Parasympathetic supply distally to left colic (splenic) flexure.
Vagus
What are the modalities of the vagus nerve?
SVM
GVM
GVS
GSS
In the SVM modality of the vagus nerve, cell bodies of motor neurons are located in the nucleus ambiguous. These neurons supply most striated muscles of the ________ and ________ (except tensor veli palatini, stylopharyngeus, and palatoglossus).
Pharynx
Larynx
In the GVM modality of the vagus nerve, cell bodies of preganglionic neurons are located in the ______ ______. Cell bodies of postganglionic neurons are located in the ________ ________ within the wall of the gut tube.
Dorsal motor
Myenteric plexus
In the GVM modality of the vagus nerve, the neurons supply smooth muscles of glands of _______ and _______ and the thoracic and abdominal viscera as far as the left colic flexure.
Pharynx
Larynx
In the GVS modality of the vagus nerve, cell bodies of sensory neurons are located in the inferior ganglion. These neurons carry sensation from…
Larynx and pharynx
Thoracic and abdominal viscera to left colic flexure
In the GSS modality of the vagus nerve, cell bodies of sensory neurons are located in the superior and inferior ganglia. These neurons carry sensation from…
External ear
Pharynx
