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Beginner Spanish Deluxe > 2.1 Lesson > Flashcards

2.1 Lesson Flashcards

The prepositions POR vs PARA and some more restaurant vocabulary

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1
Q

Translate to Spanish.

It’s your birthday; let’s go to a restaurant

A

Es tu cumpleaños; vamos a un restaurante

restaurant - el restaurante

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2
Q

Translate to Spanish.

I am going to read the restaurant’s menu

A

Voy a leer el menú del restaurante

menu - el menú

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3
Q

Translate to Spanish.

There’s not much order in my tiny apartment

A

No hay mucho orden en mi apartamento pequeñito

order (stability, organization) - el orden. Do not confuse this with la orden, which refers to a command or request

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4
Q

Translate to Spanish.

I am going to ask for an order of chicken

A

Voy a pedir una orden de pollo

order (command, request) - la orden. Do not confuse this with el orden, which refers to stability or organization

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5
Q

Translate to Spanish.

The waitress is going to go for our food

A

La mesera va a ir por nuestra comida

waiter, waitress - el mesero, la mesera. In Spain, a waiter is referred to as un camarero

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6
Q

Translate to Spanish.

I am going to ask for a pitcher of water

A

Voy a pedir una jarra de agua

pitcher - la jarra

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7
Q

Translate to Spanish.

I am very thirsty; I am going to ask for a glass of water

A

Tengo mucha sed, voy a pedir un vaso de agua

glass (for drinking) - el vaso

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8
Q

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Raquel wants a cup of very hot coffee

A

Raquel quiere una taza de café muy caliente

cup, mug - la taza

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9
Q

Translate to Spanish.

Marcos and I are outside of the restaurant. Where are you?

A

Marcos y yo estamos afuera del restaurante, ¿Dónde estás tú?

outside - afuera (de)

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10
Q

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I am inside the restaurant, next to a tall, blonde woman

A

Estoy adentro del restaurante, al lado de una mujer alta y rubia

inside - adentro (de)

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11
Q

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We are going to a place that I do not know

A

Vamos a un lugar que no conozco

place - el lugar

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12
Q

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Alicia is tall and dark-skinned and is seated next to Ricardo

A

Alicia es alta y morena y está sentada al lado de Ricardo

seated - sentado. Note that sentado is the past participle of the verb sentarse, a verb which we will learn later on. Also note that past participles agree in number and in gender with the nouns that they describe

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13
Q

Translate to Spanish.

We are seated at the back of the restaurant

A

Estamos sentados al fondo del restaurante

at the back of - al fondo de

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14
Q

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Roberto is seated in the back

A

Roberto está sentado atrás

in back - atrás

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15
Q

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Julia? She is behind Natalia

A

¿Julia? Está detrás de Natalia

behind - detrás de

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16
Q

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I have an apple in my hand

A

Tengo una manzana en la mano

hand - la mano. Note that mano is actually a feminine noun. Also remember that in Spanish, you do not use the possessive when referring to body parts since it is assumed that they already belong to the person in question (e.g. Escribo con la mano not Escribo con mi mano)

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17
Q

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She makes the cake by hand

A

Ella hace el pastel a mano

by hand - a mano

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18
Q

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My cousin is seated to my right

A

Mi primo está sentado a mi derecha

right - derecha. Note that derecha can only mean ‘“right” in terms of directions. You cannot say *Ella es derecha* to mean “She is right”

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19
Q

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You are right, Margarita is very pretty

A

Tienes razón, Margarita es muy bonita

to be right - tener razón. Note that tener razón literally means “to have reason”

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20
Q

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He is blond and short and is seated to our right

A

Es rubio y bajo y está sentado a la derecha de nosotros

on the right of - a la derecha de

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21
Q

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I believe in women’s rights

A

Creo en los derechos de la mujer

rights - los derechos

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22
Q

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Antonio does not write with his left hand

A

Antonio no escribe con la mano izquierda

left - izquierda

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23
Q

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My house is on the left of Pepe’s house

A

Mi casa está a la izquierda de la casa de Pepe

on the left of - a la izquierda de

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24
Q

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We write with our left hand because we are left-handed

A

Escribimos con la mano izquierda porque somos zurdos

left-handed - zurdo

25
Q

Translate to Spanish.

Is your sister on the right side of Guillermo?

A

¿Está tu hermana a la mano derecha de Guillermo?

on the right/left side/hand - a mano derecha/izquierda

26
Q

Translate to Spanish.

The restaurant is behind the mountain

A

El restaurante está detrás de la montaña

mountain - la montaña

27
Q

Translate to Spanish.

My grandfather lives beyond the mountains

A

Mi abuelo vive más allá de las montañas

beyond - más allá de. “The Great Beyond” is often referred to in Spanish as El Más Allá

28
Q

Translate to Spanish.

Do you know if the kids are leaning against the wall?

A

¿Sabes si los niños están contra la pared?

against - contra

29
Q

Translate to Spanish.

Carlos orders without a menu

A

Carlos pide sin menú

without - sin

30
Q

Translate to Spanish.

This essay is well-written

A

Este ensayo está bien escrito

written - escrito. Note that escrito is the past participle of escribir

31
Q

Translate to Spanish.

I am about to go out to eat with my friends

A

Estoy por salir a comer con mis amigos

to be about to - estar por. Note that in this sense, por indicates that an action is about to happen

32
Q

Translate to Spanish.

I will walk through the streets of Spain

A

Voy a caminar por las calles de España

through, along, around, by - por. Note that in this sense, por is used to express movement.

33
Q

Translate to Spanish.

We will study for two days

A

Vamos a estudiar por dos días

for (time, duration) - por. Note that in this sense, por denotes the time or duration of something

34
Q

Translate to Spanish.

ten percent

A

diez por ciento

per - por. Note that por is sometimes used to indicate “per” as well as velocity, frequency and proportion (i.e. Este cuarto mide cinco por cinco “This room measures five by five”)

35
Q

Translate to Spanish.

Juan works for student rights

A

Juan trabaja por los derechos de estudiantes

in favor of - por. Note that in this instance, por is used to show support for something, usually a cause or an organization

36
Q

Translate to Spanish.

That book is written by Gabriel García Márquez

A

Ese libro está escrito por Gabriel García Márquez

by - por. Note that in this example, por introduces the agent of an action after a passive verb

37
Q

Translate to Spanish.

I will travel by car to my grandmother’s house

A

Voy a viajar por carro a la casa de mi abuela

by (transportation) - por. Note that in this case, por indicates the means of transportation

38
Q

Translate to Spanish.

Thank you for your help

A

Gracias por tu ayuda

for (gratitude) - por

39
Q

Translate to Spanish.

Fernanda will cook on behalf of my mother, who is sick

A

Fernanda va a cocinar por mi mamá que está enferma

on behalf of - por. Note that por is used to indicate doing something “on behalf of” someone

40
Q

Translate to Spanish.

Marta does not go out because of the snow

A

Marta no sale por la nieve

because of - por. Note that por can be used interchangeably with a causa de

41
Q

Translate to Spanish.

It is very cold. That’s why nobody is outside

A

Hace mucho frío. Por eso nadie está afuera

that’s why, therefore - por eso. Note that por eso literally translates to “because of that”

42
Q

What are the uses of the preposition por?

A
  • to indicate movement (through, along, around, by, about)
  • to express time and duration (during, for)
  • to indicate velocity, frequency and proportion (per)
  • to show support for something (for, in favor of)
  • to introduce an agent after a passive verb (by)
  • to indicate a means of transportation (by)
  • to express gratitude or an apology (for)
  • to express cause or reason (because of)
  • to do something for someone (on behalf of)
43
Q

Translate to Spanish.

We read this book in order to learn faster

A

Leemos este libro para aprender mas rápido

in order to, for the purpose of - para. Note that para is used to indicate the purpose of something and often replaces the English word “to”

44
Q

Translate to Spanish.

This book is for you (ud)

A

Este libro es para usted

directed to - para. Note that in this case, para means “for the benefit of”, “directed to”, “the recipient of” when followed by a noun or a pronoun

45
Q

Translate to Spanish.

This summer Marco will go to Spain

A

Este verano, Marco va a ir para España

to (direction) - para. Note that although you can use a instead of para, many Spanish-speakers use para when referring more to the journey than the destination

46
Q

Translate to Spanish.

I want this for tomorrow

A

Quiero esto para mañana

for, by (specific time) - para

47
Q

Translate to Spanish.

For a child, he speaks well

A

Para un niño, él habla bien

for (contrast) - para. Note how para is used to express a contrast from something that is expected

48
Q

What are the uses of the preposition para?

A
  • to indicate purpose (in order to, for the purpose of)
  • to show who is the recipient of something (for, directed to)
  • to express direction of a specific place (to)
  • to indicate a specific time (for, by)
  • to express an unexpected contrast (for)
49
Q

What is the difference between:

  • Ella le dio 100 pesos para el pan
  • Ella le dio 100 pesos por el pan
A
  • In the first example (para), she gave him money so that he could buy the bread
  • In the second example (por), she gave him money in exchange for the bread
50
Q

What is the difference between:

  • Andan para el parque
  • Andan por el parque
A
  • In the first example (para), they are strolling in the direction of the park
  • In the second example (por), they are strolling through the park
51
Q

What is the difference between:

  • Él es muy activo para su edad
  • Él es muy activo por su edad
A
  • In the first example (para), we are probably talking about an old person who is active in spite of his age
  • In the second example (por), we are probably talking about a child who is active because of his age
52
Q

Translate to Spanish.

Why do you study French?

A

¿Por qué estudias francés?

French - francés

53
Q

Translate to Spanish.

Because it is required

A

Porque es un requisito

requirement - un requisito

54
Q

Translate to Spanish.

For what purpose do you study Spanish?

A

¿Para qué estudias español?

for what purpose? - ¿Para qué?

55
Q

Translate to Spanish.

I’m learning Spanish so that I can travel in Spain

A

Estoy aprendiendo español para poder viajar en España

to travel - viajar

56
Q

Translate to Spanish.

This food is made by my grandmother

A

Esta comida está hecha por mi abuela

made - hecho. Note that hecho is the past participle of the verb hacer

57
Q

Translate to Spanish.

Marcos will buy a gift for María

i.e. he will give María a gift

A

Marcos va a comprar un regalo para María

present, gift - el regalo

58
Q

Translate to Spanish.

Marcos will buy a television for María

i.e. María is unable to buy it, so he will do it for her

A

Marcos va a comprar una televisión por María

television - la televisión, el televisor, la tele. Note that t**elevisor literally means “television set”, but in some countries televisión or la tele is used for both the appliance and the programs

59
Q

Translate to Spanish.

We are going to watch TV tomorrow

A

Vamos a mirar la tele mañana

to watch - mirar. In some countries, they say ver (“to see”) when referring to watching television

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