2.1 explain forms of social control

Question 1

what is social control

Answer 1

when organisations/bodies of people put into place rules/regulations for people to follow to ensure society runs smoothly, persuading the to conform by preventing criminal and deviant behaviour

Question 2

what is internal social control

Answer 2

controls out behaviour from within ourselves e.g. our personal values

Question 3

what criminological theory links to internal social control and why

Answer 3

Freud psychodynamic theory:

• suggests most our mind is unconscious, this is our biological drives determining behaviour
• our conscience regulates behaviour (superego morality principle)

Question 4

what is external social control

Answer 4

controls behaviour through social agencies e.g. our families and friends

Question 5

what criminological theory links to external social control and why

Answer 5

right realist deterrence theory:

• crime is a problem affecting the poor, suggesting poor people are essentially the reason for crime
• believes tough punishments (prison) she control are the only way to stop criminals

Question 6

what are the agencies of external social control

Answer 6

family, peers, school

Question 7

internal: what is tradition/culture

Answer 7

tradition/culture is part of a personal identity and being accepted as a part of a particular community

Question 8

internal: what is internalisation

Answer 8

process of absorbing external beliefs/values/behaviour into your own internal thoughts and actions, influencing how you think and behave

Question 9

internal: what is socialisation

Answer 9

mixing socially with others

Question 10

internal: what is rational ideology

Answer 10

your conscience guiding you to follow laws and rules due to experiencing feelings of guilt, anxiety or worry

Question 11

external: what is coercion

Answer 11

forcing someone to do (not to do) something through force or threats, this can be physical or psychological violence

Question 12

external: what is fear of punishment

Answer 12

links with coercion, trying to control society and the thought/threat of prison is enough to deter people from crime

Question 13

what is Travis Hirischi’s social bond theory

Answer 13

• we are all subject to ‘animalistic impulses’ so we are capable of committing crime
• suggested people are more likely to be deviant when bond to society is weak/broken

Question 14

what was Walter Reckless containment theory

Answer 14

• primary focus = why people obey the law
• suggested we are immune/resistant to these pulls toward crime due to certain factors (inner + outer containment)

Question 15

what are Hirischi’s 4 key elements

Answer 15

commitment= our energy towards specific things e.g education

involvement= how involved we are in society

attachment = how much we care about opinion’s

beliefs= to what extent we obey the law because its right

Question 16

what is Reckless inner containment

Answer 16

comes from family upbringing (self concept)

Question 17

what is Reckless outer containment

Answer 17

influences from social peer groups or the law