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Comptia A+ > 2.1 - Common Network Ports > Flashcards

2.1 - Common Network Ports Flashcards

1
Q

In addition to the server and the client, what other devices might need to know well known port numbers?

A

Firewalls. They often make the decision on what traffic to allow and disallow based on the port number.

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2
Q

What port(s) are used by FTP?

A

TCP/20 for data transfer, and TCP/21 for controlling the data transfer.

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3
Q

What is FTP used for?

A

Used for transferring data between devices, usually requiring some sort of authentication to the remote device. It can also have additional functionality to list, add, and delete files.

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4
Q

What is SSH used for?

A

Connecting to a remote device through a terminal or command-line front end. The data sent over the network is encrypted, hence “secure”.

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5
Q

What port(s) does SSH use?

A

TCP/22.

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6
Q

What is Telnet?

A

Telecommunication network. Similar to SSH, provides a text-based way to access a remote device.

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7
Q

Why might one prefer SSH over Telnet?

A

Unlike Telnet, SSH sends its data encrypted. Telnet sends “in the clear”.

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8
Q

What port(s) does Telnet use?

A

TCP/23.

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9
Q

What is SMTP and what is it used for?

A

Simple Mail Transfer Protocol. Used for server to server email transfer, and for mail clients to send emails to servers. Note: NOT used to receive email.

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10
Q

What port(s) does SMTP use?

A

TCP/25.

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11
Q

What does DNS do?

A

It converts the fully qualified domain name (i.e., professormesser.com) to an IP address (162.159.246.164).

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12
Q

What port(s) does DNS use?

A

UDP/53.

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13
Q

What is DHCP and what is used for? Whence come the servers?

A

Dynamic Host Configuration Protocol. Used to automatically assign a device an IP address when it is connected to the network. DHCP servers are usually built into routers and access points that we use these days.

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14
Q

What port(s) does DHCP use?

A

UDP/67 and UDP/68.

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15
Q

What does it mean for IP addresses on a DHCP server to be “dynamic”, “pooled”, and “leased”?

A

“Dynamic” refers to the fact that they are assigned in real time. “Pooled” means that there is a pool on the server from which IP addresses are assigned. “Leased” means that each device is given a lease that it must renew at set intervals. If it does not, those IP addresses go back to the pool.

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16
Q

What is DHCP reservation?

A

A specific IP address is reserved for a specific device on the server.

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17
Q

What are HTTP and HTTPS, and what are they used for?

A

Hypertext Transfer Protocol and Hypertext Transfer Protocol Secure. Used mostly for communication in the browser.

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18
Q

What is the main difference between HTTP and HTTPS?

A

Communication over HTTPS is “secure”, which is to say encrypted.

19
Q

What port(s) does HTTP use?

A

TCP/80.

20
Q

What port(s) does HTTPS use?

A

TCP/443.

21
Q

What does POP3 stand for?

A

Post office protocol 3.

22
Q

What port(s) does POP3 use?

A

TCP/110.

23
Q

What does IMAP4 stand for?

A

Internet Message Access Protocol v4

24
Q

What is the advantage of IMAP4 vs POP3?

A

IMAP4 is better suited for when multiple clients need to access the same inbox.

25
Q

What port(s) does IMAP4 use?

A

TCP/143.

26
Q

What is SMB, what is it used for, and how else is it known?

A

Server Message Block - a protocol used by older Microsoft Windows machines for file transfer and printer sharing. AKA CIFS - Common Internet File System.

27
Q

What is NetBIOS over TCP/IP?

A

Network Basic Input/Output System. Allows for applications on different machines to communicate over a LAN (Local Area Network).

28
Q

What is nbname and what does it do?

A

NetBIOS name services, allows you to find devices by their name.

29
Q

What port does nbname use?

A

UDP/137

30
Q

What is nbsession and what does it do?

A

NetBIOS session service, allows you to setup a session and transfer data between devices

31
Q

What port does nbsession use?

A

TCP/139

32
Q

What is the alternative to NetBIOS in modern Windows machines?

A

Creating a direct SMB communication over TCP.

33
Q

What does SNMP stand for, and what is it used for?

A

Simple Network Management Protocol - allows for network management devices to gather statistics from network devices.

34
Q

What port does SNMP use for queries?

A

UDP/161

35
Q

What port does SNMP use for traps?

A

UDP/162

36
Q

What is a trap in the context on SNMP?

A

An alert that is sent by the network device.

37
Q

What is LDAP and what does it do?

A

Lightweight Directory Access Protocol, used to query directories.

38
Q

What port(s) does LDAP use?

A

TCP/389

39
Q

What is one of the most common implementations of LDAP?

A

Microsoft Active Directory.

40
Q

What does RDP stand for, and what is it used for?

A

Remote Desktop Protocol. Used to share a desktop from a remote location.

41
Q

What port does RDP use?

A

TCP/3389.

41
Q

On what server and client devices are RDP used?

A

RDP servers are almost exclusively on Windows computers, but clients exist for all OS’s.

42
Q

What port(s) does SMB use?

A

TCP/445

Comptia A+ (12 decks)

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