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207 Lab Practical 1 Flashcards

1
Q

What is proper attire?

A

long pants, closed toed shoes

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2
Q

Where do you place used lancets?

A

sharps/biohazards box

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3
Q

When determining blood type, clotting means…? No clotting means…?

A

clotting = positive, no clotting = negative

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4
Q

What are the markers on the RBCs called?

A

Antigens: ABO & Rh

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5
Q

What is the machine that spins out the capillary tubes and what does it show and determine?

A

Centrifuge; shows PCV (packed cell volume), buffy coat, and plasma; determines if someone has anemia

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6
Q

Normal plasma levels (M & F)?

A

M: 41-50%, F: 36-48%

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7
Q

What is the tube in the centrifuge coated with? Why?

A

Heparin; because heparin is a blood thinner and inhibits clotting

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8
Q

What are normal blood glucose levels?

A

70-100 mg/dl (milligrams/deciliters)

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9
Q

What is the universal blood donor? Why?

A

O-; has NO antigens

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10
Q

What is the universal blood recipient?

A

AB+; has ALL antibodies

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11
Q

What does the color blot test indicate?

A

Hemoglobin levels and can be used to measure anemia

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11
Q

Can negative give to positive? Can positive give to negative?

A

yes; no

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12
Q

What is the dangerous condition caused when a mother is Rh- and she is carrying a fetus that is Rh+?

A

Hemolytic Disease of the Newborn: can be fatal to the fetus if mom is untreated after the first pregnancy

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13
Q

Which are thicker: veins or arteries?

A

Arteries

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14
Q

Where does blood from the right ventricle go?

A

To the lungs through the Semilunar valve

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15
Q

What are the great vessels?

A

Superior & inferior vena cava, aortic arch, aorta, pulmonary trunk

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16
Q

Where are the great vessels attached to the heart?

A

The base (the top)

17
Q

What is the hole in a fetus’ heart that closes with the first breath?

A

Foramen Ovale

18
Q

What are the chord like structures attached to the valves?

A

Heartstrings aka Chordae Tendineae

19
Q

What are the valves?

A

Mitral (left), Tricuspid (right), Semilunar (pulmonary), Aortic (aorta)

20
Q

What is the structure that separates the ventricles?

A

Interventricular septum

21
Q

What is the muscular layer of the heart?

A

Myocardium

22
Q

What is the internal layer of the heart?

A

Endocardium

23
Q

What are the vessels that feed the heart itself?

A

Coronary Arteries

24
Q

What is the large vein on the posterior heart?

A

Coronary Sinus

25
Q

What structures on the atria expand to allow increased blood flow?

A

Auricles

26
Q

What measures how the heart works/heart electricity?

A

ECG/EKG (electrocardiograph)

27
Q

What is the heartbeat sound wave? What does each part indicate?

A

P: atria being activated
QRS Complex: ventricles contract
T: heart recovers to get ready for next cycle

28
Q

What are the autorhythmic fibers that allow the heart to beat?

A
  1. Sinoatrial (SA) node: pacemaker
  2. Atrioventricular (AV) bundle
  3. R&L Bundle Branches
  4. Purkinje Fibers
29
Q

What instrument is used for auscultation?

A

Stethoscope

30
Q

What is the most common artery for checking pulse rate?

A

Radial Artery

31
Q

What are the neck arteries?

A

Carotid arteries

32
Q

What is the top and bottom number in blood pressure?

A

Top: Systolic = the force that blood hits the walls of the arteries (the bigger number)
Bottom: Diastolic = represents the heart at ‘rest’ (usually in the 80s)

33
Q

What is the official name for a blood pressure apparatus?

A

sphygmomanometer

34
Q

What is ELISA? What does it do?

A

Enzyme-Linked Immuno-Sorbent Assay
tests for antibodies that are in the body’s system (can also be used to test for Lupus or COVID)

35
Q

What do antigens do?

A

Cause body to GENerate antibodies to fight off invaders

36
Q

Where are antibodies?

A

In your SERUM (the liquid portion of your blood that does NOT contain anticoagulant, blood cells, or clotting factors

37
Q

What does a positive control do?

A

Shows what a positive result looks like because it contains the antigen or antibody

38
Q

What temperature are the samples incubated at when using ELISA?

A

37 C or 98.6 F

38
Q

What does a negative control do?

A

Lacks the factor that would be a positive result

39
Q

Digestive System in order (14)

A

Mouth
Oropharynx
Esophagus
Stomach
Duodenum
Jejunum
Ileum
Cecum
Ascending Colon
Transverse Colon
Descending Colon
Sigmoid Colon
Rectum
Anus

.. (3 decks)

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