20.5 Evolution

Question 1

What is allele frequency

Answer 1

The relative frequency of a particular allele in a population

Question 2

What is the hardy Weinberg principe

Answer 2

Models the mathematical relationship between the frequencies of alleles and genotypes in a theoretical population that is stable and no evolving

Question 3

What factors affect evolution

Answer 3

Mutation 
Sexual selection 
Gene flow like immigration 
Genetic drift 
Natural selection

Question 4

What are the two types of limiting factors that limit or decrease the size of a population

Answer 4

Density dependent factors like competition and communicable disease
Density independent factors like climate change natural disasters

Question 5

What is a population bottleneck

Answer 5

Large reduction in population size that last for at least 1 generation
Gene pool is largely reduced

Question 6

What is the founder effect

Answer 6

Isolated individuals from a larger population establish a new colony and form a small population
The small population has a smaller gene pool

Question 7

What is stabilising selection

Answer 7

Average is selected for and extremes are selected against

Question 8

What is Directional selection

Answer 8

Normal phenotype is no longer the advantageous characteristic due to a change in environment
Organisms which are less commmon are selected for

Question 9

What is disruptive selection

Answer 9

Extremes are selected for and norms are selecter against