20.4 Phenotypic Ratios Flashcards
What is autosomal linkage
When the genes that are linked are found in one of the other pairs of chromosomes
How are linked genes inherited
Inherited as one unit and they cannot undergo the normal random shuffling of alleles during meiosis
What are recombinant offspring
They have different combinations of alleles than either parent
What is and how do you work out the recombinant frequency
A measure of the amount of crossing over that’s happened in meiosis
Number of recomibinant offspring / total number of offspring
What do the results of recombinant frequency mean
50% = there is no linkage and genes are ok separate chromosomes
Less than 50% = there is gene linkage and independent assortment has been hindered
What is the chi-squared test
A statistical test that measures the size of the difference between the results you observe and those you expected to get
Helps determine if it’s significant
What is epistasis
The interaction of genes at different loci
What is a hypostatic gene
A gene that is affected by another gene
What is a epistatic gene
A gene that affects the expression of another gene
What is recessive epistasis
The presence of 2 recessive alleles at a gene locus led to the lack of an enzyme
What is dominant epistasis
Dominant alllele results in a gene having an effect on another gene
