2022 Flashcards
for which RNA virus, initially encountered in the gastrointestinal tract, is a vaccine not available
norovirus
which virus is the most common agent of gastroenteritis in children
rotavirus
similar to 2023
what HIV protein binds to CD4 on host cell surface
gp120
what is the main reason that HIV positive individuals are able to transmit the virus many years after their initial infection
viral DNA integrated in the host genome is transcribed by host cell RNA polymerase II
what are the characteristics of adenovirus
double-stranded DNA genome, naked capsid
what is the role of the human papillomavirus E6 protein during infection
binds p53 and promotes p53 degradation
which hepatitis virus causes a high incidence of persistent infections (70% of infections becoming persistent in otherwise healthy adults)
HCV
which of the following is characteristic of infection with hepatitis B virus
dane particles
what condition, caused by a virus, results in vesicles confined to the fingers and used to be more common among dentists
herpetic whitlow
which of the following is a diagnostic for infection with herpes simplex virus type 1
cowdry type A inclusion bodies
what is the cause of shingles
varicella zoster virus reactivation
a individual who has been vaccinated against HBV would display which of the follow serological properties
presence of anti-HB antibodies combined with absence of all HB antigens
which virus genome is directly translated into proteins upon early entry into a cell
hepatitis A virus
which class of anti-HIV drug is also effective against hepatitis B virus
reverse transcriptase inhibitors
enfuvirtide is an HIV fusion inhibitor that
binds to gp41
which of the following is not a use of passive immunization
to create long-lived immunity
what is true about the new COVID-19 vaccine released by Novavax in july 2022
it contains viral spike protein segments
what disease is caused by the conversion of the normal PrPC protein to the PRP Scrapie form
creuzfeldt-Jakob disease
some drugs for treating influenza virus infections block release of new virus from the surface of patients’ infected cells by
inhibiting viral neuraminidase
what anti-fungal class binds ergosterol in fungal membranes and alters membrane permeability
polyenes
which is a characteristic component of most fungal cell walls
polymer of N-acetyl-glucosamine
(NOT N-acetyl-muramic acid polymer)
which form of candidiasis is typically associated with the oral mucosal surfaces on which dentures sit
chronic erythematous
which fungus lacks a yeast form, only exhibiting a mold form
aspergillus fumigatus
which of the following is associated with coccidioides immitis
chronic meningitis
what protozoan is chlorine-resistant, making it easy to transmit in public swimming pools
cryptosporidium parvum
what agent causes periodic attacks of chills and fever that coincide with massive lysis of red blood cells
plasmodium falciparum
what pathogen does not cause a diarrheal disease
toxoplasma gondii
eosin methylene Blue agar (EMB) is an example of which type of culture medium used for diagnosis of a bacterial infection
differential medium
what is true about a direct ELISA assay detecting specific antibodies in patient serum
there are antibodies from the patient’s serum above a layer of specific antigen bound to the solid support
what is true about mechanical transmission with respect to vector-borne pathogens
the pathogen is carried externally on the body of the vector (passively)
when considering a propagated epidemic of an infectious disease, what is the minimum number of susceptible individuals necessary to continue propagating the disease
threshold density
