2021 Flashcards
in a study that I described in class, blood samples were taken monthly over a 39 month period from patients infected with HIV to follow the virus replicating in the patients’ systems and the patients’ systems and the patients’ antibody response. the patients became infected with HIV in month 0. what is a valid conclusion from the study
month 0 plasma does not have significant levels of anti-HIV antibodies
what is true about CD4 positive T cells with respect to HIV infection
loss of CD4 positive T cells affects B cell functioning
conjunctivitis can be caused by
adenocirus
what viral protein sequesters Rb and prevents it from controlling E2f transcription factor
adenovirus E1a protein
the Human Papilloma Virus E7 protein plays a role most similar to the role of what other viral protein
adenovirus E1a protein
what is not a defining property of herpesviridae family members
bring an RNA dependent RNA polymerase into a newly infected cell
which hepatitis virus(es) mainly infect via a fecal-oral mode of transmission
HAV and HEV
which of the following is diagnostic for infection with cytomegalovirus
owl eye inclusions
what condition, caused by virus, results in vesicles on the oral mucosa, the tongue and gingiva
herpetic stomatitis
what viruses are present in the greatest proportion of advanced periodontal lesions
cytomegalovirus and Epstein-Barr virus
infection with which herpesvirus is commonly diagnosed by detection of heterophile antibody
EBV
the anti-herpes simplex virus drug acyclovir
is phosphorylated by the viral thymidine kinase enzyme
what is a property of the anti-cytomegalovirus drug ganciclovir
is more toxic than acyclovir because it is more readily used by cellular thymidine kinase
enfuvitide is an HIV fusion inhibitor that
binds to gp41
passive immunization is used for all of the following except
to elicit production of secretory antibodies
an adjuvant is used to
boost the immunogenicity of a killed (inactivated) virus vaccine
which of the following is true about variant creuzfeldt-Jakob disease (variant CJD)
variant CJD can be acquired as an infection
infection by which organism is usually not associated with the formation of granulomas in the lung
candida albicans
which anti-fungal works by inhibiting cytochrome P450-dependent 14-alpha-lanosterol demethylation
fluconazole
how do anti-fungal allylamine compounds work
inhibit squalene epoxidase activity
which of the following is the most effective of the body’s defenses for fighting fungi
neutrophil phagocytosis
which form of candidiasis is associated with high incidences of oral cancer
plaquelike/nodular
which fungus lacks a yeast form, only exhibiting a mold form
aspergillus fumigatus
what agent of “desert rheumatism” can cause chronic meningitis that is fatal without lifelong treatment
coccidioides immitis
which of the following is an illness, endemic to the united states, characterized by periodic febrile episodes when pathogen-infection red blood cells lyse
babesia
what protozoal disease agent is transmitted by anopheles mosquitos and results in destruction of red blood cells
plasmodium falciparum
what is a characteristic of disease caused by toxoplasma gondii
lesions in the brain
what is the specificity of a diagnostic test for a pathogen that gives a true negative test result 499 out of 500 times (i.e. when the pathogen is actually absent) with a false positive result occurirng 1 out of 500 times
99.8%
what are the basic components of a PCR assay used for diagnostic purposes
pathogen DNA, a pair of pathogen-specific DNA primers, dNTPs, and a thermostable DNA polymerase
what is true about a propagated epidemic
the number of cases begins to fall once the number of susceptible individuals falls below the threshold density
what is the decimal reduction time in the heat-killing of microorganisms
time required to kill 90% of microbes in a sample at a specific temperature
