2019 Flashcards
What are the differences between the originally described neurologic coccidiomycosis and the novel form reported in 2019?
novel form:
- MRI findings were highly consistent across all cases
- bilaterally symmetric T2 hyperintensity affecting the frontal lobes, caudate nuclei, and rostral internal capsule
- relative sparing of the parietal, temporal, occipital lobes, brainstem, and cerebellum
- ±faint, wispy contrast enhancement on T1-postcontrast images.
Also, on recheck examination on the novel form, the previously identified lesions had resolved, but there was now marked, severe atrophy of the caudate nuclei and frontal lobes bilaterally
Original coccidiodes description:
- focal, strongly contrast enhancing granuloma
- extensive vasogenic edema
- typically unilateral
what dog breed was overrepresented in the novel form of neurologic coccidiomycosis?
Shnauzer and dogs <15kg
Which sedative resulted in a significant increase in splenic size on ultrasound and rads in healthy cats?
Which sedative resulted in no change in splenic size on either?
acepromazine
butorphanol
note, also for dexmedetomidine, MB, and DBK, there was a trend toward increased splenic size from baseline to the first post-sedation timepoint, which was statistically significant for radiographic measurements, although not for ultrasound.
how can you distinguish gastric ulceration from gastric pneumatosis?
ulcers are generally focal, gastric pneumatosis usually affects more than half the gastric wall
What can help distinguish between gastric emphysema and emphysematous gastritis?
clinical signs/presentation
clinical abnormalities such as lethargy, pyrexia, hematemesis, leukocytosis, or hypoalbuminemia may help to differentiate emphysematous gastritis from gastric emphysema
In conclusion, findings from the current study indicates that gastric pneumatosis can occur without gastric dilatation-volvulus in cats and dogs
What is the typical appearance of canine insulinomas on MRI?
T2w hyper, T1w iso (pre and post)
What are distinguishing features of gastric lymphoma on CT?
What was the lymphadenopathy like in adenocarcinoma? leiomyoma?
- lower mean CT attenuation on early and delayed phase images
- widespread lymphadenopathy with large, rounded lymph nodes
regional in AC, NO lymphadenopathy in leiomyoma
What are distinguishing features of GB mucocele on CT?
The overall median HU value for mucoceles was significantly higher than gallbladders without sludge and with sludge; precontrast median overall attenuation was 49.3, 35.8, and 39.7 HU, respectively
centrally distributed gb mineral –> this distribution was ONLY seen with gb mucocele
On CT, thymomas typically have ____ contrast enhancement
was tumor size consistent?
heterogeneous
no, varied widely
larger thymomas were associated with what?
vascular invasion
cytic foci
recurrence (but not a shorter outcome)
