2016-05-07 Flashcards
んです goes after the short form of a predicate. The predicate can be either in the affirmative or in the negative, either in the present tense or in the past tense. In writing, it is more common to find のです instead of んです。
.
In casual exchanges, んです appears in its short form んだ. In casual question, んですか is replaced by の。
.
んです: when it follows a noun or a na-adjective, な comes in between.
静かです==>静かなんです
がくせいです==>学生なんです
- Why did you break up with your boyfriend?
- He never takes a bath.
どうして彼と別(わか)れたんですか。彼は、全然お風呂に入らないんです。
- What happened? - My cat died.
どうしたんですか。私の猫が死んだんです。
A どうしたんですか question is best answered by a んです sentence with the subject market with the particle が rather than は.
すぎる 過ぎる- too much or to excess. Conjugates as a ru-verb。It follows verb stems.
.
You must not eat too much.
食べ過(す)ぎてはいけません。
I got up too early.
早く起きすぎました。
すぎるcan also follow i-adj and na-adj bases (the parts which do not change in conjugations); you drop the い and な at the end of the adjective and then add すぎる
。
That person is too nice.
あのひとは親切(しんせつ)すぎます。
When the advice is in the affirmative,ほうがいいです generally follows the past tense short form of a verb. When the advice is in the negative, the verb is in the present tense short form.
You’d better eat more vegetables. もっと野菜を食べたほうがいいですよ。
It is better not to skip classes.授業(じゅぎょう)を休まないほうがいいですよ。
My Japanese has improved because I always speak Japanese.
いつも日本語で話すので、日本語が上手になりました。
ので – the reason part ends in a short form predicate. When ので follows a na-adj or a noun, な comes in between.
I don’t like that person because he is mean. あの人はいじわるなので、嫌いです。
Banks are closed because it is a Sunday today. 日曜日なので、(銀行)ぎんこう休みです。
I did not sleep last night because I had a lot of homework.
宿題がたくさんあったので、昨日の夜、寝ませんでした。
なくちゃいけません - substitute ない in the negative short form of a verb with なくちゃ
食べる;食べない;食べなくちゃいけません;
言う;言わない;言わなくちゃいけません;
する;しない;しなくちゃいけません;
くる;こない;こなくちゃいけません