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1 Any - Pre-reg Exam > 2015 Paper > Flashcards

2015 Paper Flashcards

1
Q

medication contraindicated in renal artery stenosis

A

ACEi

they affect dilation of arteries…

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2
Q

How might macrolides interact with some antipyschoyics?

A

Macrolides inhibit CYP

Clarithromycin not recommended with quetiapine

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3
Q

For significant results

p=

A

less than or equal to

0.05

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4
Q

If diuretics are given twice a day what times are appropriate?

A

No later than 4pm

so 8am and 2pm is suitable for BD

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5
Q

Pt counselling for mirtazepine

A

report signs of infection (fever, stomatitis, sore throat)

- risk of blood dyscrasia

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6
Q

Indication for mesna

A

Reduce haemorragic cycstitis (s/e of anticancer agents)

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7
Q

Medication causing haemorragic cycstitis?

A

Cyclophosphamaide

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8
Q

Which Vitamin aids the absorption of calcium

A

D

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9
Q

Can you crush finasteride?

A

Women of child baring potential should not handle crushed or broken tablets

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10
Q

Anti obesity drugs are indicated when….

A

BMI over 30
In whom at least 3 months of of managed care involving supervised diet, exercise and behaviour modification fails to achieve realistic reduction in weight
OR
BMI over 28 and other risk factors (T2DM, hypertension, hypercholesterolaemia)

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11
Q

Maximum treatment duration for orlistat

A

12 months

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12
Q

Risk of beta blockers in diabetes ?

A

Loss of warning of hypoglycaemia

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13
Q

Being dazzled by headlights is a side-effect of

A

Amiodarone

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14
Q

GI bleed causes stools to look….

A

Tarry in consistency

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15
Q

Causes of nausea due to medication etc that should be corrected and not treated with antiemetics

A

DKA

Digioxin and antiepileptic overdose

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16
Q

Main adverse effects of antihistamines

A

Antimuscurinic side effects and drowsiness

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17
Q

Mode of action of phenothiazine antiemetics (eg. …………)

A

Dopaminergic antagonists at chemoreceptors trigger zone

E.g. Prochloperazine and chlorpromazine

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18
Q

Problematic sideeffect of phenothiazines

A

Systemic reactions especially in children

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19
Q

Mode of action of metoclopramide

A

DA anatag acting on the GI

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20
Q

What antiemetic can be used in Parkinsons diease?

What is contraindicated ?

A

Dimperidone – it doesn’t cross the BBB

NOT metoclopramide

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21
Q

Mode of action of domperidone

A

Da anatag - at the chemo trigger zone. Less

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22
Q

Metoclopramide use is cautioned due to …. Up to what age?

A

EPS

-19

23
Q

Granisetron and ondansetron act on what? When are they used (2)

A

5HT Antagonist

Post op and cytotoxic

24
Q

Dexamethasone is used to treat nausea due to

A

Chemotherapy

25
Q

Aprepitant action ….

is used to treat….

A

Neurokinin receptor antagonist

Nausea due to cisplatins

26
Q

What antiemetic can be used in pregnancy ?

A

None - but sometimes short term Promethazineo

Also supplementation with thiamine thiamine to prevent wernickes

27
Q

Risk factors for post op nausea and vom

A

Female
Non smoker
History of post op or motion sickness
Opioids

28
Q

Three drug classes in BNF recommended for post op nausea and vom

A

5HT antagonists (ondansetron)
Phenothiazines
Antihistamines

29
Q

Most effective drug at preventing motion sickness

A

Hyoscine hydrobromide
Promethazine is useful for sedative effect
(Metoclopramide, domperidone, 5HT anatag and phenothiazines - except promethazine - are ineffective)

30
Q

Uses of beta histine

A

Vertigo, tinnitus, hearing loss associated with Ménière’s disease

31
Q

Treatment for cradle cap

A

Olive or coconut oil or simple emollient

32
Q

counselling for bisphosphonates 3

A

Report thigh, hip or groin pain.
Regular dental check ups.
Swallow whole with a full glass of water 30 mins before breakfast and other oral meds. Remain upright for 30mins.

33
Q

How long until full effect of NSAIDs is achieved for
Pain
Inflammation

A

1 week for pain

3 weeks for inflammation

34
Q

Less GI side effects when NSAIDs are selective for …..

A

Cox 2

35
Q

Anti-inflammatory effects of ibuprofen are weaker therefore it is not suitable for…

A

Conditions where inflammation is prominent such as gout

36
Q

First line NSAID is

A

Naproxen - lower incidence of side effects ( but more than ibuprofen)

37
Q

Can methotrexate be given with ibuprofen ?

A

No- interaction with NSAIDS. Reduced excretion of methotrexate.

38
Q

Can NSAIDs be given with Li

A

No. Interaction. Lithium excretion reduced by NSAIDs

39
Q

Can NSAIDs be given with SSRIs?

A

No - increased bleeding risk

40
Q

What anti diabetic drugs can’t be used with NSAIDs

A

Sulfonyureas

41
Q

Medications that interact with trimethoprim 3

A

Phenytoin
Methotrexate
Some antimalarials

42
Q

Drug licensed for premature ejaculation and its mode of action

A

Dapoxetine - short acting SSRI.

43
Q

Two drugs that are excreted unchanged into the bile and therefore can accumulate in hepatic impairment

A

Rifampicin

Fusidic acid

44
Q

Hypo proteineamia in hepatic disease is associated with reduced protein binding which can cause toxicity with highly protein bound drugs such as (2)

A

Prednisolone and phenytoin

45
Q

Medication that percipitate hepatic encephalopathy

A

Sedative drugs
Opioid analgesics
Diuretics that cause hyperkalaemia
Drugs that cause constipation X

46
Q

Oedema and ascities in hepatic disease can be exacerbated by drugs that cause fluid retention such as 2

A

NSAIDs and corticosteroids

47
Q

drug for urinary incontinance that is not antimuscurinic

A

merabegron

48
Q

drugs that are contraindicated with imidazoles (miconazole) include

A

statins

Imidazoles inhibit CYP

49
Q

can clobetasone butyrate or clobetasone propionate be bought over the counter?

A

clobetasone butyrate 0.05% (eumovate)

50
Q

maximum OTC dose of hydrocortisone cream

A

1%

51
Q

Guidance for OTC hydrocortisone preparations for haemorrhoids

A

Only for over 18s
Can be used in pregnancy and breastfeeding
No more than 7 days
Not for new suffers who should be referred

52
Q

what is premarin for?
how long should premarin be left on for?
coucelling for this?

A

scabies

8-12 hours. If hands are washed in this time it should be reapplied

53
Q

what is a once only application for athletes foot?

direction

A 
Lamisil once (terbinifine 1%)
Wash off 24 hours after application
54
Q

The initial and maximum dose of what statin depends on ethnicity

A

Rosuvastatin (start 5-10mg max 40mg)

Patients of asian origin (start at 5, max 20mg)

1 Any - Pre-reg Exam (26 decks)

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