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Science > 2014 Science exam semester 2 > Flashcards

2014 Science exam semester 2 Flashcards

1
Q

Define:

Reactant

A

the initial substance of a chemical reaction

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2
Q

Define:

Product

A

a substance produced by a chemical reaction

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3
Q

Define:

Law of conservation of mass

A

the law that states that atoms cannot be created or destroyed during a chemical reaction

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4
Q

Define:

aqueous solution

A

a solution of a substance dissolved in water

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5
Q

Define:

oxidation

A

when a substance gains oxygen atoms or loses electrons

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6
Q

Define:

Reduction

A

when a substance loses oxygen atoms or gains electrons

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7
Q

Name all types of reaction and imagine what it looks like

A
  • Precipitation: AB(aq) + CD(aq) -> AC(s) + BD(aq)
  • Combination: A + B -> AB
  • Decomposition: AB -> A + B
  • a.) Combustion: one compound (more than one atoms) + oxidant (or oxygen) -> a new product (can be more than one product) [exothermic reaction = give out heat]
  • b.) Combustion: A + oxygen -> water + carbon dioxide
  • Metal Displacement or displacement (example): Mg + ZnCl2 -> MgCl2 + Zn (Zn gave some of its electrons to Mg so that Mg can bond with Cl2)
  • Neutralisation: acid + base -> salt + water
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8
Q

Define:

Rate of reaction

A

the speed at which a chemical reaction proceeds

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9
Q

List all factors that affect the rate of reaction

A 
Temperature
Concentration of the reactants
Surface area
Agitation
Catalysts
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10
Q

List ways in which the rate of reaction may be increased

A

Increase the temperature
Higher level of concentration of the reactants
Crushing the reactants into a powder (surface area increased)
Stirring faster (Agitation)
Using catalyst

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11
Q

Name:

Cu(OH)2

A

Copper (II) Hydroxide

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12
Q

Name:

Al2(SO4)3

A

Aluminium Sulfate

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13
Q

Name:

CaCO3

A

Calcium Carbonate

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14
Q

Name:

NO3

A

nitrate (-)

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15
Q

Name:

NO2

A

nitrite (-)

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16
Q

Name:

SO4

A

sulfate (2-)

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17
Q

What is:

Sparingly soluble

A

a little bit soluble (maybe solid maybe aqueous)

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18
Q

Name:

NH4

A

Ammonium (+)

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19
Q

State the chemical name for:

Nitride

A

N (3-)

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20
Q

State the chemical name for:

Nitrate

A

NO3 (-)

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21
Q

State the chemical name for:

Nitrite

A

NO2 (-)

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22
Q

State the chemical name for:

Carbonate

A

CO3 (2-)

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23
Q

State the chemical name for:

Ammonium

A

NH4(+)

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24
Q

State the chemical name for:

Ammonia

A

NH3

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25
Name: | H2O2
Hydrogen peroxide
26
Form equation of electrolysis for: | Chloride ions lose electrons to form chlorine gas
2Cl [-] -> Cl2 (g) + 2e[-]
27
State the chemical name for: | Hydrogen Peroxide
H2O2 (l)
28
Form equation of electrolysis for: | Sodium ions gained electrons to form solid sodium
Na [+](aq) + e [-] -> Na (s)
29
State the chemical name for: | Hydrochloric acid
HCl
30
State the chemical name for: | Nitric acid
HNO3
31
State the chemical name for: | Sulfuric acid
H2SO4
32
State the chemical name for: | Magnesium chloride
MgCl2
33
State the chemical name for: | Barium sulfate
BaSO4
34
State the chemical name for: | hydroxide
OH [-]
35
State the chemical name for: | Sodium hydroxide
NaOH
36
How does rate of reaction increase by: | Temperature, concentration, agitation, surface area of reactants, catalyst
refer to your exbook
37
Form chemical formula: | Phosphate
PO4 [3-]
38
Form chemical formula: | Hydrogen carbonate
HCO3 [-]
39
Form chemical formula: | Sulphite
SO3 [2-]
40
Do questions of textbook from exbook
Get it all right?
41
Convert: | km/hr to m/s
divide by 3.6
42
Convert: | m/s to km/hr
times by 3.6
43
Difference between scalar and vector
Scalar: only magnitude (eg. Distance, mass, area, volume, energy, temperature, speed) Vector: both magnitude and direction (eg. displacement, velocity, acceleration)
44
What is the symbol of displacement and what is it measured in
s; metres
45
What is the symbol for initial speed and final speed?
``` u = initial speed v = final speed ```
46
Describe the use of: | Specially coated body tube
Main body part of the rocket that carries things needed into space.
47
Describe the use of: | Parachute
Makes sure the rocket could come down at a constantly slow speed so that it doesn’t reach its terminal velocity and breaks
48
Describe the use of: | Flush mount ring
Reinforces the connection between the nose cone and the body tube.
49
Describe the use of: | Nose cone block
Prevents the inside material from exposure
50
Describe the use of: | Fire proof wadding
Protects the parachute from getting burnt or melt by the heat produced by the engine
51
Describe the use of: | Shock cord
Make sure the nose cone is still attached to the body tube when the cone is pushed out by the parachute
52
Describe the use of: | Fins
Provide the stability during the flight and maintain its orientation and intended flight path
53
Describe the use of: | Screw eye
Connects the strings of parachute with the nose cone; connects the shock cord (which is attached to the body tube) with the nose cone (so we won’t lose the cone).
54
Describe the use of: | Launch lug
Allows a rod to go through and guides the rocket to start in a right direction until it gets fast enough that the fins could stabilize it
55
Describe the use of: | Two spacer rings
Stuck the engine holder tightly into the body tube; make sure the engine lock is always tightly attached to the holder
56
Describe the use of: | Engine holder
Protects the engine and keeps it in a fixed position inside the body tube
57
Describe the use of: | Engine lock
Makes sure that the engine won’t fall out from the engine holder.
58
Describe the use of: | Engine
Provides thrust for the rocket to fly
59
Describe the use of: | Sand paper
Sharpens the nose cone so that the rocket could be more aerodynamic (less air resistance).
60
Rocket engineering revision
refer to the brainscape on rocket engineering
61
Define: | inertia
tendency to resist any change in motion

Science (7 decks)

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