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Science > 2014 Science exam semester 2 > Flashcards

2014 Science exam semester 2 Flashcards

1
Q

Define:

Reactant

A

the initial substance of a chemical reaction

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2
Q

Define:

Product

A

a substance produced by a chemical reaction

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3
Q

Define:

Law of conservation of mass

A

the law that states that atoms cannot be created or destroyed during a chemical reaction

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4
Q

Define:

aqueous solution

A

a solution of a substance dissolved in water

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5
Q

Define:

oxidation

A

when a substance gains oxygen atoms or loses electrons

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6
Q

Define:

Reduction

A

when a substance loses oxygen atoms or gains electrons

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7
Q

Name all types of reaction and imagine what it looks like

A
  • Precipitation: AB(aq) + CD(aq) -> AC(s) + BD(aq)
  • Combination: A + B -> AB
  • Decomposition: AB -> A + B
  • a.) Combustion: one compound (more than one atoms) + oxidant (or oxygen) -> a new product (can be more than one product) [exothermic reaction = give out heat]
  • b.) Combustion: A + oxygen -> water + carbon dioxide
  • Metal Displacement or displacement (example): Mg + ZnCl2 -> MgCl2 + Zn (Zn gave some of its electrons to Mg so that Mg can bond with Cl2)
  • Neutralisation: acid + base -> salt + water
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8
Q

Define:

Rate of reaction

A

the speed at which a chemical reaction proceeds

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9
Q

List all factors that affect the rate of reaction

A 
Temperature
Concentration of the reactants
Surface area
Agitation
Catalysts
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10
Q

List ways in which the rate of reaction may be increased

A

Increase the temperature
Higher level of concentration of the reactants
Crushing the reactants into a powder (surface area increased)
Stirring faster (Agitation)
Using catalyst

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11
Q

Name:

Cu(OH)2

A

Copper (II) Hydroxide

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12
Q

Name:

Al2(SO4)3

A

Aluminium Sulfate

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13
Q

Name:

CaCO3

A

Calcium Carbonate

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14
Q

Name:

NO3

A

nitrate (-)

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15
Q

Name:

NO2

A

nitrite (-)

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16
Q

Name:

SO4

A

sulfate (2-)

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17
Q

What is:

Sparingly soluble

A

a little bit soluble (maybe solid maybe aqueous)

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18
Q

Name:

NH4

A

Ammonium (+)

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19
Q

State the chemical name for:

Nitride

A

N (3-)

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20
Q

State the chemical name for:

Nitrate

A

NO3 (-)

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21
Q

State the chemical name for:

Nitrite

A

NO2 (-)

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22
Q

State the chemical name for:

Carbonate

A

CO3 (2-)

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23
Q

State the chemical name for:

Ammonium

A

NH4(+)

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24
Q

State the chemical name for:

Ammonia

A

NH3

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25
Q

Name:

H2O2

A

Hydrogen peroxide

26
Q

Form equation of electrolysis for:

Chloride ions lose electrons to form chlorine gas

A

2Cl [-] -> Cl2 (g) + 2e[-]

27
Q

State the chemical name for:

Hydrogen Peroxide

28
Q

Form equation of electrolysis for:

Sodium ions gained electrons to form solid sodium

A

Na + + e [-] -> Na (s)

29
Q

State the chemical name for:

Hydrochloric acid

30
Q

State the chemical name for:

Nitric acid

31
Q

State the chemical name for:

Sulfuric acid

32
Q

State the chemical name for:

Magnesium chloride

33
Q

State the chemical name for:

Barium sulfate

34
Q

State the chemical name for:

hydroxide

35
Q

State the chemical name for:

Sodium hydroxide

36
Q

How does rate of reaction increase by:

Temperature, concentration, agitation, surface area of reactants, catalyst

A

refer to your exbook

37
Q

Form chemical formula:

Phosphate

38
Q

Form chemical formula:

Hydrogen carbonate

39
Q

Form chemical formula:

Sulphite

40
Q

Do questions of textbook from exbook

A

Get it all right?

41
Q

Convert:

km/hr to m/s

A

divide by 3.6

42
Q

Convert:

m/s to km/hr

A

times by 3.6

43
Q

Difference between scalar and vector

A

Scalar: only magnitude (eg. Distance, mass, area, volume, energy, temperature, speed)
Vector: both magnitude and direction (eg. displacement, velocity, acceleration)

44
Q

What is the symbol of displacement and what is it measured in

45
Q

What is the symbol for initial speed and final speed?

A 
u = initial speed
v = final speed
46
Q

Describe the use of:

Specially coated body tube

A

Main body part of the rocket that carries things needed into space.

47
Q

Describe the use of:

Parachute

A

Makes sure the rocket could come down at a constantly slow speed so that it doesn’t reach its terminal velocity and breaks

48
Q

Describe the use of:

Flush mount ring

A

Reinforces the connection between the nose cone and the body tube.

49
Q

Describe the use of:

Nose cone block

A

Prevents the inside material from exposure

50
Q

Describe the use of:

Fire proof wadding

A

Protects the parachute from getting burnt or melt by the heat produced by the engine

51
Q

Describe the use of:

Shock cord

A

Make sure the nose cone is still attached to the body tube when the cone is pushed out by the parachute

52
Q

Describe the use of:

Fins

A

Provide the stability during the flight and maintain its orientation and intended flight path

53
Q

Describe the use of:

Screw eye

A

Connects the strings of parachute with the nose cone; connects the shock cord (which is attached to the body tube) with the nose cone (so we won’t lose the cone).

54
Q

Describe the use of:

Launch lug

A

Allows a rod to go through and guides the rocket to start in a right direction until it gets fast enough that the fins could stabilize it

55
Q

Describe the use of:

Two spacer rings

A

Stuck the engine holder tightly into the body tube; make sure the engine lock is always tightly attached to the holder

56
Q

Describe the use of:

Engine holder

A

Protects the engine and keeps it in a fixed position inside the body tube

57
Q

Describe the use of:

Engine lock

A

Makes sure that the engine won’t fall out from the engine holder.

58
Q

Describe the use of:

Engine

A

Provides thrust for the rocket to fly

59
Q

Describe the use of:

Sand paper

A

Sharpens the nose cone so that the rocket could be more aerodynamic (less air resistance).

60
Q

Rocket engineering revision

A

refer to the brainscape on rocket engineering

61
Q

Define:

inertia

A

tendency to resist any change in motion

Science (7 decks)

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