20 - Communicable Disease Control Flashcards
What are the three domains of public health?
Health protection purpose is to prevent or reduce hardm caused by communicable diseases and minimise health impact from environmental hazards like chemicals and radiation
How are notifiable diseases identified? (NOIDs)
- Urgent cases should be reported by phone in 24 hours followed by written notification within 3 days
- Routine cases should be notified in writing within thee days
- Notifications made on clinical suspicion, don’t need lab confirmation
What do Public Health England do once they recieve a NOID?
What are some examples of NOIDs?
Also need to inform them of:
- any chemical or radiological contamination (CO, lead, mercuty)
- any new emerging infections (new strains of flu)
- infections that put contacts at risk (V.Zoster in pregnant women)
- cases that occur as part of an outbreak (C.Diff)
In general how do communicable disease spread?
What is the epidemiologic triangle?
A model explaining the organism causing the disease and the conditions that allow it to reproduce and spread.
What are some diseases that iGAS can cause and what group of people is this disease common in?
- Cellulitis
- Necrotising Fascitis
- Myositis
- Common in closed communities like prisons, nursing homes, homeless, schools and carries 20% risk of fatality
What are the three types of outbreaks that can occur with a disease?
What control measures are carried out once an infectious disease has been identified?
What is the definition of sleeping rough and homeless?
Sleeping rough: people sleeping in the open air, e.g tents, doorwarys or houses not designated for habitation
Homelessness: people wihtout any shelter, hostels, sofa surfing, people threatened with eviction, people living in unfit housing or extreme overcrowding
What do PHE do once we are suspecting an outbreak?
Who were the outbreak control team involved in the iGAS outbreak in Nottingham in the homeless?
How was the GAS outbreak controlled and contained by PHE and what were the challenges that they faced?
- Issues with adherance and trust as the homeless do not trust the authorities
- Issues with professionals holding heightened perceptions of the risk and likelihood of infection
What are the social issues that we face when treating homeless people?
How did doctors fit into the outbreak of GAS in the homeless?