2: The Peripheral Nervous System Flashcards
CN: 1. Olfactory
- Sensory
- Smell
CN: 2. Optic
- Sensory
- Vision
CN: 3. Oculomotor
- Motor
- Eye movements, pupil constriction, raising eyelids
CN: 4. Trochlear
- Motor
- Eye movements (superior oblique muscle)
CN: 5. Trigeminal
- Sensory and motor
- Sensation to head and face, including gums and teeth, movement of muscles of mastication
CN: 6. Abducens
- Motor
- Eye movements (lateral rectus muscle)`
CN: 7. Facial
- Sensory and motor
- Taste from anterior 2/3 of the tongue, movement of muscles of facial expression
CN: 8. Vestibulocochlear
- Sensory
- Hearing and balance
CN: 9. Glossopharyngeal
- Sensory and motor
- Taste from posterior 1/3 of the tongue, swallowing, salivary secretion
CN: 10. Vagus
- Sensory and motor
- S&M supply to most organs
CN: 11. Accessory
- Motor
- Movement of neck muscles, voluntary swallowing and vocal cords
CN: 12. Hypoglossal
- Motor
- Tongue movements
Smell (Olfaction)
- 5000 different scents
- Our sense of smell deteriorates over time
- Need to smell for food, mates, friends, foe, etc.
- Chemical sense
Vision
- Extremely high acuity colour vision
- Binocular vision gives us depth perception
Taste
- Chemical sense
- 5 tastes:
> Bitter - potentially poisonous
> Salty - important electrolyte content
> Sweet - energy content
> Umami (savoury) - amino acid content
> Sour - potentially poisonous
Hearing and Balance
- Cochlear: hearing
- Semi-circular canals: balance
- Auditory nerve: sensitive information up to the brain regarding balance and hearing
- Eustachian tube: connects the back of the throat to the ear
Spinal Nerves: Dermatomes
- Cervical nerves: upper limb, neck, and back of head
- Thoracic nerves: parts of the torso, posterior aspects of the arm
- Lumbar nerves: lower limbs (anterior mainly), hips, and buttocks
Spinal Nerves: Myotomes
The skeletal muscles supplied by the motor nerve fibres in each spinal nerve.
Proprioception
- Our sense of body position
- Provided by two types of receptors: muscle spindles and golgi tendon organs
- Allows us to monitor movements and position without needing to look at ourselves
