2 Risks and Hazards of EM Radiation

Question 1

– high-energy protons,
electrons, atoms, and ions

Answer 1

Particles

Question 2

– either light or sound

Answer 2

Waves

Question 3

• unit in measuring ionizing radiation

Answer 3

Millirems (US)

Question 4

2 Classification of Radiation

Answer 4

1. Natural
2. Man-made

Question 5

– radioactive gas from uranium found in
soil dispersed in the air

• emits alpha particles, and is therefore ionizing radiation, and dangerous to human health.

Answer 5

Radon

Question 6

Natural or Background Radiation (7)

Answer 6

Radon
Radioactive Potassium
Uranium
Radium
Thorium
Cosmic Rays
Sun

Question 7

Man-made Radiation (7)

Answer 7

Tobacco
Television
Medical X-rays
Smoke Detectors
Lantern Mantles
Nuclear Medicine
Building Materials

Question 8

is a term used to describe the
non-invasive procedures used to diagnose disease
that rely upon radiation to produce images of
internal structures.

Answer 8

Diagnostic radiation

Question 9

-refers to any time of EM radiation that does not carry enough energy to ionize atoms or molecules
-does not have enough energy to remove electrons from atoms or molecules.

Answer 9

Non-Ionizing Radiation

Question 10

-comes from radioactive elements
-can create electrically charged ions

Answer 10

Ionizing Radiation

Question 11

Forms of Ionizing Radiation (5)

Answer 11

X-Rays and Gamma Rays
Alpha Particles
Beta Particles
Cosmic Radiation
Neutrons

Question 12

– high-energy parts of
electromagnetic spectrum
(Forms of Ionizing Radiation)

Answer 12

X-Rays and Gamma Rays

Question 13

– atomic nuclei consisting of two
protons and two neutrons
(Forms of Ionizing Radiation)

Answer 13

Alpha Particles

Question 14

– fast moving electrons ejected from
the nuclei of atoms
(Forms of Ionizing Radiation)

Answer 14

Beta Particles

Question 15

– energetic particles arriving at
earth from outer space
(Forms of Ionizing Radiation)

Answer 15

Cosmic Radiation

Question 16

– produced mainly in nuclear power plants
(Forms of Ionizing Radiation)

Answer 16

Neutrons

Question 17

Atomic Sources of Radiation (3)

Answer 17

1.changes in the state of an atom

2.Radioactive elements

3.Cosmic Radiation

Question 18

• basic unit used to measure exposure to
  ionizing radiation

Answer 18

Sievert (Sv)

Question 19

• an instrument used
  for measuring ionizing
  radiation

Answer 19

Geiger Counter

Question 20

Sources of Ionizing Radiation (4)

Answer 20

Radon Gas
Human Activities
Solar energetic particles
Galactic cosmic rays

Question 21

– long-term,
low-level exposure to radiation

Answer 21

Stochastic Effects

Question 22

– high levels of radiation and become
more severe as the exposure increases

Answer 22

Non-Stochastic Effects

Question 23

Protection from Radiation

Answer 23

1.Distance
2.Time
3.Shielding

Question 24

rem meaning

Answer 24

roentgen equivalent man

Question 25

______ and _______also occur naturally in soils.

Answer 25

Uranium and thorium