1 Layers Of The Earth

Question 1

Compositional Layers

Answer 1

continental crust
oceanic crust
mantle
core

Question 2

Mechanical Layers

Answer 2

lithosphere
asthenosphere
mesosphere
outer core
inner core

Question 3

• About 35 km
• Place where there are high mountain
  peaks (Himalayas – up to 60 km )
• Rich in the elements potassium,
  sodium, aluminum and silicon
• Granitic composition (granite rock)

Answer 3

CONTINENTAL CRUST

Question 4

• 7 to 10 km
• Present under the ocean of the world
• Covers about 70.8% of the surface of
  the earth
• Rich in iron, silicon, and magnesium
• Basaltic composition (basalt)

Answer 4

OCEANIC CRUST

Question 5

• Has a thickness of 2885 km
• The upper portion of the mantle is
  made of peridotite (rock made of the
  minerals olivine and pyroxene)
• With increasing depth, spinel in
  turn transforms into the mineral
  perovskite.

Answer 5

MANTLE

Question 6

–the
boundary between the crust and
the mantle.

Answer 6

Mohorovicic discontinuity

Question 7

Was named after the Croatian
meteorologist and geophysicist ____________ He discover the mantle and its exact location
beneath the crust.

Answer 7

Andrija Mohorovicic

Question 8

• Metallic ball located at the center of
  the earth
• Composed mainly of nickel and iron
• With a radius of 3486 km
• Density of 13.5 times greater than
  the density of water

Answer 8

CORE

Question 9

boundary between core and the
mantle

Answer 9

Gutenberg discontinuity

Question 10

Gutenberg discontinuity –
- Simply known as the ____ or the
_____________
- Named after German
seismologist ______________

Answer 10

G
core-mantle boundary
Beno Gutenberg

Question 11

• Composed of the entire crust
  plus the uppermost part of the
  mantle (rocky sphere)
• Extends from the surface of the
  earth to a depth of 100 km
• Both solid and rigid

Answer 11

LITHOSPHERE

Question 12

• Located at a depth of 100 to 350 km
  (weak sphere)
• May even extend down to 700 km
• Temperatures are much higher than in
  the lithosphere
• Rocks are very near their melting
  point
• Exhibit plastic behavior

Answer 12

ASTHENOSPHERE

Question 13

• The remaining lower part of the
  asthenosphere (middle sphere)
• Solid despite the very high
  temperatures and pressures
• Rocks are so highly compressed that
  the component atoms are prevented
  from separating (rocks cannot melt)

Answer 13

MESOSPHERE

Question 14

say something about the mantle

Answer 14

composed of silicate rock
solid
has upper and lower mantle

Question 15

upper mantle-
lower mantle-

Answer 15

upper mantle- solid
lower mantle- slow moving solid rock

Question 16

hottest layer, almost as similar to the ______

Answer 16

inner core
sun

Question 17

why does earth have layers?

Answer 17

because they have different densities

Question 18

the happenings on earth that made it evolve
(5)

Answer 18

Volcanic Eruption
Plate collision
Mountain Ranges
Seabeds
Bombardment from meteorites

Question 19

What is Volcano?

Answer 19

any opening in the ground
where magma or molten
rock comes out.

Question 20

which is thicker, which is thinner?
oceanic crust/continental crust

Answer 20

continental- thick
oceanic- thin

Question 21

➔Solid ground
➔Lighter and compose of lower density materials
➔Formed through volcanic eruptions
➔Ranges from 10 to 70 km thick

Answer 21

continental crust/ lithosphere

Question 22

(continental crust)
➔Formed through ____________
➔Ranges from ___ to ___ km thick

Answer 22

volcanic eruptions
10-70

Question 23

(oceanic crust)
➔Made of heavier ______ and _________
➔Measures __ km thick
➔Formed by ________

Answer 23

basalt
gabbro rocks
magma

Question 24

➔Made of heavier basalt and gabbro rocks
➔Measures 7 km thick
➔Formed by magma

Answer 24

OCEANIC LITHOSPHERE/ CRUST