2 Response To Gastrointestinal Tract To A Meal Flashcards
What does reclaimed mean
Reabsorbed back into circulation
4 major functions of gut
Secretion
Digestion
Absorption
Motility
What is one of the most important sphincters
Lower esophageal sphincters
What does nerve causes receptive relaxation in the proximal stomach
Vagus nerve
What area does all the mixing and grinding in the stomach
Antrum and pelorus
What area is the reservoir of the stomach
Fundus and body
What keeps food particles from passing out of the stomach
Pylorus
What are the 3 phases of gastric acid secretion
Cephalic
Gastric
Intestinal
What is the major regulator of your response to a meal
Brain
What produces pepsinogin
Chief cell
What cell produces acid in the stomach
Parital
What are some characteristics of pepsinogin
Secreted by Chief cell inactive form
When enters stomach activates and becomes pepsin which breaks down food
What does pepsin break down
Proteins
Endocrine
Hormone produced, goes through circulation to target cell
Uses receptors
Neurocrine
Uses acetylcholine
Paracrine
Goes to nearby cells
What does parietal cell produce
HCl
What is important about the triggering mechanism of parietal cell
There are 3 ways to stimulate it as back ups
What part of the stomach produces secretions
Glandular part
What part of the stomach in the horse is more susceptible to ulcers
Nonglandular
Why does the nonglandular part of the stomach get ulcers
Mucus layer produces bicarbonate to counter the acid. Nonglandular part of the stomach does not have bicarbonate
What stops the production of acid
Negative feedback by acid to inhibit gastrin release
Acid stimulates somatostatin to block G cell
What causes gastric emptying
Intragastric pressure exceeds duodenal and pyloric pressure.
Influenced by physical and chemical composition of a meal
What is CCK released in response to
amino acids and fatty acids
What does CCK do
Inhibit gastric emptying
What must the tonicity of a meal be before entering small intestine
Isotonic
Regulated by duodenum
What does the pancreas do
Produces enzymes
What are the two parts of the pancreas
Exocrine: into duodenum, digestive function
Endocrine: into blood, not as important for class
Why are enzymes secreted in an inactive form
Keeps organs from digesting themselves before the enzyme can reach the stomach
Main function of the gastrointestinal tract
Extract water, nutrients, and electrolytes and expel undirected residue as feces
