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Business IGCSE 2017 > 2. People in business > Flashcards

2. People in business Flashcards

1
Q

define chain of command

A

the structure in the organization which allows instructions to be passed down from senior to lower levels of management

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2
Q

Advantage of short chain of command

A

-Better communication
-Span of control will be wider:
Encourages delegation
More trust

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3
Q

define Internal recruitment:

A

Filling a vacant post with someone already employed in the business

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4
Q

Advantages of Decentralisation:

A

Decisions are taken by managers who are ‘closer to the action’
More trust and satisfaction
Decisions made faster

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5
Q

Advantages of Internal Recruitment

A
  • Vacancy can be filled more quickly and cheaply
  • Applicants already knows how the business works
  • Business already knows the strengths and weaknesses of applicants
  • Workers can become motivated when they see that there is a change for promotion
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6
Q

Disadvantages of Internal Recruitment

A
  • A better candidate may have been available from outside the business
  • It could cause conflict between the workers if they wanted the promotion
  • Does not bring in new ideas
  • The previous job of the person who has been promoted needs to be replaced
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7
Q

Define External Recruitment

A

Filling a vacant post with somebody not already employed in the business

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8
Q

Advantages of External Recruitment

A
  • External applicants may bring in new ideas
  • Wider choice of applicants with different skills and experience
  • Avoids the risk of upsetting workers when someone who is internal is promoted
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9
Q

Disadvantages of External Recruitment

A
  • Takes longer to fill the vacancy
  • More expensive because the job needs to be advertised
  • Applicants will need training
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10
Q

Main stages in recruitment and selection of staff (9)

A
  1. The business identifies the need for a new worker and carries out job analysis
  2. A job description is produced
  3. A person specification is produced
  4. The job is advertised
  5. Send out application forms and job details
  6. Receive completed applications
  7. Select a shortlist from all of the applicants
  8. Interview shortlisted candidates
  9. Select the right candidate
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11
Q

Dismissal

A

Termination by the employer because the worker has broken company rules or is not performing work to the required standard. Examples include, incompetence or poor conduct

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12
Q

Redudancy

A

Termination of employment by the employer because the job is no longer needed. Examples include, people being replace by machines, relocation to another country or when the business closes

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13
Q

contract of employment for

A
  • Discriminations
  • Unfair dismissals
  • health and safety
  • Legal minimum wage
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14
Q

define induction training

A

Education for new employees which involves learning about the way the business works

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15
Q

Benefits(2) and limitations(2) of induction training

A

Education for new employees which involves learning about the way the business works

😃increase understanding of culture
😃increase motivation
😃new employee intergrade faster and contribute more

😡 Increases business costs
😡 Induction training workers receive wage and salary but don’t contribute to the output

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16
Q

Define On-the-job training

A

where an employee learns a job by seeing how it is carried out by an experienced employee

17
Q

Benefits(3) and limitations(4) of On-the-job training

A

where an employee learns a job by seeing how it is carried out by an experienced employee

😃Relatively cheap
😃 Workers learn the way that the business wants the job done
😃 Workers are producing output while training

😡 Workers may pick up bad habits from some experienced workers
😡Workers may not learn the most up-to-date methods
😡Workers make more mistakes when learning and this increases waste
😡It slows down the production of the experienced worker

18
Q

describer types of management style

A

Autocratic: A leadership style where the leader makes all the decisions
Democratic: A leadership style where workers take part in decision-making
Laissez-faire: A leadership style where most of the decisions are left to the workers

19
Q

F.W.Taylor motivational theory (basically)

A

$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$

20
Q

Herzberg motivational theory

A

1 HYGEINE factors

  • if hygiene factors are not satisfied 👉👉 demotivators.
  • not motivators, since motivating effect quickly wears off after satisfied.

2 MOTIVATIONAL factors:

21
Q

F.W.Taylor motivational theory

A

$$$$ = main motivator.

  • If employees are paid more, they work more
  • extra pay is less than the increased productivity

Cons

22
Q

Advantages/Disadvantages of a Short Chain of Command

A 
😃Better communication- quicker & more accurate
😃Top managers are less remote
😃Span of control will be wider:
      👉Encourages delegation
      👉More trust

😡Managers could lose control since they lot of people under them
😡Subordinates could be incompetent

23
Q

Decentralized management
definition
pros/cons

A

decision is spread out to include more individuals
😃 able to respond to local change
😃 close contact to customer
😃 provide leadership skill so train junior management

😡slow decision making

24
Q

Why join trade union

A
  • greater power in influencing employer’s decisions

- provide legal advice to members- inexpensive

25
Q

define trade union

A

A trade union is an organisation of workers aimed at improving pay and working conditions and providing other services, such as legal advice, for members.

26
Q

what is induction training

A

Induction training: A training programme to help new recruits become familiar with their workplace, the people they work with and the procedures they need to follow
Benefits
- The workers quickly feel part of the business making them more motivated and more willing to perform tasks efficiently
- The training is specific to the business making it more relevant to what the business requires
Limitations
- Increases business costs
- Induction training workers receive wage and salary but don’t contribute to the output

27
Q

pros/cons of induction training

A

😃workers quickly feel part of the business
👉more motivated/ willing to perform tasks efficiently
😃training is specific to the business
👉 more relevant to what the business requires

😡 Increases business costs
😡 Induction training workers receive wage and salary but don’t contribute to the output

28
Q

define Off-the-job training

pros/cons

A

Off-the-job training: Training that takes place away from the workplace

29
Q

Off-the-job training’s pros/cons

A

😃 Workers learn latest methods/ techniques
😃 doesnt disrupt production of workers:

😡Expensive
😡Worker does not produce any output during training
😡 Training not specific to the business’s requirements?

30
Q

define job enlargement

A

Staff are given more tasks of similar difficulty

31
Q

define job enrichment

A

Staff are given interesting and challenging work

32
Q

define Commission

A

basic salary plus a percentage of the value of sales

33
Q

full time worker pros/coms

A

Benefits

  • Available for longer hours
  • They know the business better than part-time workers
  • They may be more experienced
  • They may be more loyal to the business
  • Carry out more tasks

Limitations:

  • Workers may not be always so motivated
  • More expensive than part-time workers
34
Q

part-time worker pros/cons

A

Benefits:

  • Provides greater flexibility, so if workers are sick then part-time workers can cover their duties
  • Business can often attract well-qualified workers
  • Sometimes they are more productive than full-time workers

Limitations:

  • Increase in induction and training costs
  • Could be communication problems
  • Quality of service may not be as good as full-time workers

Business IGCSE 2017 (16 decks)

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