2 Penicillins: Antipseudomonal Flashcards
list the antipseudomonal penicillins
1) Piperacillin + tazobactam= tazocin
2) Ticarcillin + clavulanic acid= timentin
Antipseudomonal penicillins are reserved for severe infections, list the common indications for antipseudomonal penicillins
1) Lower respiratory tract infections
2) Urinary tract infections
3) Intraabdominal sepsis
4) Skin and soft tissue infections, septicaemia
5) hospital-acquired pneumonia
what are antipseudomonal penicillins not effective in treating?
not active against MRSA.
what is the spectrum of activity for antipseudomonal penicillins?
bactericidal
1) broad spectrum of activity against Gram-positive and Gram-negative bacteria (notably including Pseudomonas spp.) and anaerobes
2) They are formulated with a β-lactamase inhibitor (e.g. tazobactam), which confers antimicrobial activity against β-lactamase-producing bacteria (e.g. Staphylococcus aureus, Gram-negative anaerobes)
what are the important side effects caused by antipseudomonal penicillins?
1) Gastrointestinal (GI) upset
2) Broad-spectrum antibiotics kill normal GI flora- C.diff
this debilitating colitis can be complicated by colonic perforation and/or death
3) Delayed or immediate hypersensitivity may occur
who should antipseudomonal penicillins be used in caution with?
1) caution in those at risk of C. difficile infection, particularly those in hospital and the elderly.
2) The dose of antipseudomonal penicillins should be reduced in patients with moderate/severe renal impairment.
outline some of the important interactions with regards to antipseudomonal penicillins
1) All penicillins reduce renal excretion of methotrexate
2) Enhance the anticoagulant effect of warfarin by killing normal GI flora that synthesise vitamin K.
who is cholestatic jaundice more common in?
1) age over 65 years
2) men
3) if treatment exceeds 14 days
