2- nutrition in CVD

Question 1

what does mediterranean diet include?

Answer 1

• high fruit, nuts, veg, wholegrain cereals, olive oil
• moderate fish, poultry and low fat dairy
• low in red meat, processed meats & sweets

*wine consumed in moderation at mealtimes

Question 2

why is mediterranean diet recommended?

Answer 2

associated with reduced CVD risk

Question 3

what is fat intake recommendation?

Answer 3

encourage reduction of fat within diet and avoidance if recommended

Question 4

is high blood pressure a modifiable risk factor for CVD?

Answer 4

yes - recommended to avoid salt (max 6g per day)

Question 5

what is fish recommendations?

Answer 5

2 portions per week, 1 portion oily (salmon, mackerel, sardines)

*oily fish not recommended for sole purpose of preventing another MI (but not actively data against)

Question 6

why are trans fatty acids bad?

Answer 6

raises LDL & reduces HDL →increased risk of CVD

Question 7

how many units of alcohol is recommended as max per week?

Answer 7

max = 14 units (and should be spread out over 3 days or more)

Question 8

what is activity recommendations?

Answer 8

• 150 minutes of moderate intensity or if able 75 mins vigorous
• weight bearing activity recommended

Question 9

should omega-3 supplements be recommended?

Answer 9

NO - omega 3 supplements should not be suggested as most don’t have enough omega-3 to have any benefit - should get from oily fish

Question 10

how much plant sterols & stannols are recommended?

Answer 10

2g needed daily of plant sterols & stanols to lower cholesterol (no more needed as concern with may reduce soluble of fat soluble vitamins)
- these are not recommended for those with normal cholesterol levels

Question 11

how many calories in 1g of alcohol?

Answer 11

7kcal