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Oral Soft Tissues (PERIO) > 2: Normal Periodontium > Flashcards

2: Normal Periodontium Flashcards

1
Q

What are the three components to periodontal attachment?

A

1.PDL 2.Cementum 3.Alveolar Bone

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2
Q

What is the FUNDAMENTAL difference between an implant and a natural tooth concerning attachment?

A

Implant has NO PDL REGROWTH

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3
Q

Gingival Sulcus Space: Histologic ___mm; Average: ____mm Clincial _____mm

A

Histo: 0-6mm….Avg: 1.8mm….Clinical 0-3mm

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4
Q

KG= ___ to ____

A

GM to MGJ

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5
Q

AG = ___ to ____ minus ____

A

AG = GM to MGJ minus PD (sulcus)

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6
Q

AG = ____ minus ____

A

AG = KG minus PD (sulcus)

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7
Q

Rank molars, premolars, and incisors in MOST to LEAST gingival width…

A

Incisors > Molars > Premolars

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8
Q

What type of gingiva? Occupies embrasure, “Col”± Keratinization, Pyramidal, Contact point, Susceptible

A

Interdental Gingiva (Papilla)

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9
Q

Where does Periodisease usual start? Why?

A

Interdental Gingiva (Papilla)—Hardest area to brush/maintain

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10
Q

What is the minimal amount of acceptable keritinized tissue?

A

2mm

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11
Q

What are the three types of gingival epithelium?

A

1.Oral/Outer Epi 2.Crevicular (sulcular) epi 3.Junctional Epit

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12
Q

Which type of gingival epithelium contains the rete ridges? What type of appearance do these make?

A

outer/oral gingival epi…orange peel/stipling

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13
Q

Oral/Outer Gingival Epithelium: type of keratinization

A

Keratinized or ParaKeratinized

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14
Q

Oral/Outer Gingival Epithelium: How thick?

A

0.2-0.3 mm

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15
Q

Oral/Outer Gingival Epithelium: levels of keratinization…Palate _____ and Cheek ____

A

Palate=most….Cheek=least

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16
Q

What are the 4 cell types of the Oral/Outer Gingival Epithelium and how often do they turnover?

A

1.Keratinocytes 2.Nonkeratinocytes 2.Melanocytes (pigment) 3.Langerhan’s Cells(immune) 4.Merkel Cells(nerve)….Turnover=10-12 days

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17
Q

Sulcular Gingival Epithelium: Similar to ______

A

Oral/Outer Gingival Epithelium

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18
Q

Sulcular Gingival Epithelium: Resistant to ______

A

fluid flow

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19
Q

Sulcular Gingival Epithelium: keratinized/nonkeratinaized?, thin and without ______.

A

Nonkeratinized…without rete ridges

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20
Q

Sulcular Gingival Epithelium: has the potential to ______ with consistent flossing.

A

keratinize

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21
Q

Sulcular Gingival Epithelium: Extends from the ____ to the coronal limit of ____.

A

GM….JE

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22
Q

Junctional Epithelium: Keratinized/NonKeratinized?

A

NonKeratinized

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23
Q

Junctional Epithelium: ____ cells thick

A

2-30 cells thick (WOW thats thin as shit!)

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24
Q

Junctional Epithelium: ____mm in length

A

0.25-1.35mm in length (wow!)

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25
Q

Junctional Epithelium: What is used to attach tooth/implant to connective tissue?

A

HemiDesmosOmes

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26
Q

Junctional Epithelium: What is the cell turnover here?

A

1-6 days

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27
Q

Junctional Epithelium: Do hemiDesmosOmes interact with implants?

A

YES! the connect both tooth and implant to connective tissue

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28
Q

Junctional Epithelium: ATTACHMENT-To tooth or implant (3 layers…one major, 2 minor)

A

Internal Basal Lamina (Lamina Densa, Lamina Lucida)

29
Q

Junctional Epithelium: ATTACHMENT- to connective tissue

A

External Basal Lamina

30
Q

What are the 3 components of Gingival Connective Tissue?

A

1.Papillary (rete ridges into the epithelium) 2.Reticular (adjacent to the periosteum) 3.Gound Substance(fills space between fibers and cells

31
Q

Gingival Connective Tissue: Collagen Types ___ & ___

A

I & III

32
Q

Gingival Connective Tissue: Collagen Fibers = ___%

A

60%

33
Q

Gingival Connective Tissue: Fibroblasts= ___%

A

5%

34
Q

Gingival Connective Tissue: Vessels, Nerves, Matrix= ___%

A

35%

35
Q

What is the main theme of the types of cells found in the Gingival Connective tissue?

A

LOTS of immune cells! Fibroblasts, Mast cells, Macrophages, Plasma cells, Lymphocytes, Neutrophils

36
Q

Gingival Fibers: ______ – support & contour to free gingiva

A

Circular

37
Q

Gingival Fibers: ________ - support of the gingiva

A

Dentogingival*

38
Q

Gingival Fibers: ________ - anchors tooth to bone

A

Dentoperiosteal*

39
Q

Gingival Fibers: ________– attaches gingiva to alveolar bone

A

Alveologingival

40
Q

Gingival Fibers: ________ - Keep teeth in alignment and protects bone Continuously reform as bone and fibers are destroyed

A

Transseptal fibers

41
Q

Where are the three places I will find the Gingival Blood Supply?

A

1.PDL 2. Alveolar Bone 3.Surface of Periostium

42
Q

Healthy gingiva can be described as “_____” pink.

A

“coral”

43
Q

Healthy Gingiva -Contour…Anterior = ______; Posterior= ______

A

Anterior = pyramidal; posterior = flattened

44
Q

Alveolar Mucosa: Keratinized/Nonkeratinized?…… texture-_____, shiny surface….Color-_____.

A

NonKeratinized…..smooth…..reddish

45
Q

What is composed of collagen fibers and has an hour glass shape?

A

PDL

46
Q

What is the approx width of PDL?

A

0.2 mm

47
Q

Where is the PDL the narrowest, making the Hour Glass shape?

A

mid-root

48
Q

What are the 5 PDL Fiber groups?

A

1.Alveolar Crest 2.Horizontal 3.Oblique 4.Apical 5.Interradicular

49
Q

What are the 5 pieces to the periodontium? Which 3 are *Specific to Periodontal Attachment?

A

1.Gingiva Mucosa 2.Alveolar Mucosa *3.PDL *4.Cementum *5. Alveolar Bone

50
Q

DOES the MGJ ever change?

A

NO, that line is permanent!

51
Q

What is the ‘formula’ to for Keratinized Tissue?

A

KG=GM to MGJ

52
Q

Stippling only occurs on the _______ gingiva.

A

Attached

53
Q

The degree of ________ and prominence of stippling are related

A

keratinization

54
Q

Stippling occurs at the sites of fusion of the epithelial ridges (_______).

A

rete ridges

55
Q

PDL Principal Fiber Groups: resists lateral movement

A

Alveolar Crest Fibers

56
Q

PDL Principal Fiber Groups: opposes lateral forces

A

horizontal fibers

57
Q

PDL Principal Fiber Groups: absorbs occlusal forces

A

Oblique Fibers

58
Q

PDL Principal Fiber Groups: resists tipping of the tooth

A

Apical Fibers

59
Q

PDL Principal Fiber Groups: resists forces of luxation (pulling out) and tipping

A

Interradicular Fibers

60
Q

What is the largest PDL fiber group?

A

Oblique Fibers

61
Q

PDL: Principal fibers insert into ________ (tooth) and _______ (bone).

A

Cementum (tooth)–>Alveolar Bone (bone)

62
Q

_______ fibers - terminal portion of principal fibers that insert into cementum and alveolar bone.

A

Sharpey’s

63
Q

What is the physiologic zone of gingival tissue coronal to the alveolar bone crest and is composed of the epithelial attachment and the gingival connective tissue attachment?

A

BIOLOGICAL WIDTH

64
Q

What is the range for biological width NECESSARY!?!? KNOW FOR REST OF LIFE!!!

A

2-3mm needed!

65
Q

How do you compute biological width?

A

Jxnal Epi + Connective Tissue= Bio Width

66
Q

What is the formula for finding CAL?

A

ClinicialAttachmentLoss= PocketDepth (mm) + CEJ to GingivalMargin(mm)

67
Q

CEJ to GM may be: (+) Positive if ______ to CEJ (-) Negative if _____ to CEJ.

A

apical…. coronal

68
Q

CAL= Sum of ____ to ____ plus ____

A

CAL= Sum of GingvalMargin to CementoEnamelJxn plus ProbeDepth

Oral Soft Tissues (PERIO) (4 decks)

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