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ICND-1 > 2 - Networking Models > Flashcards

2 - Networking Models Flashcards

1
Q

What does OSI stand for?

A

Open Systems Interconnection

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2
Q

What are the two network models?

A
  1. OSI or open systems internconnection model

2 TCP/IP model

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3
Q

What are the seven layers of the OSI model?

A
  1. Physical Layer
  2. Data Link Layer
  3. Network Layer
  4. Transport Layer
  5. Session Layer
  6. Presentation Layer
  7. Application Layer
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4
Q

What is a PDU or Protocol Data Unit?

A

What the information or data is called at each layer, it changes as it moves through each layer

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5
Q

What is the pdu for layer 1 of the OSI model?

A

Bit

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6
Q

What is the pdu for layer 2 of the OSI model?

A

Frame

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7
Q

What is the pdu for layer 3 of the OSI model?

A

Packet

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8
Q

What is the pdu for layer 4 of the OSI model?

A

Segment

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9
Q

What are some examples of protocols used at the Application Layer of the OSI model?

A
  1. http
  2. ftp
  3. tftp
  4. dhcp
  5. dns
  6. smtp
  7. pop
  8. telnet
  9. ssh
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10
Q

What is the Application Layer of the OSI model responsible for?

A

Converting data into a format that is usable by applications and directing the data to the proper application window.

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11
Q

What is the Presentation Layer of the OSI model responsible for?

A

Converting and representing the payload in different formats including data-based, character-based, image-based, audio-based, and video based

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12
Q

What layer of the OSI model handles compression and encryption?

A

Presentation Layer

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13
Q

What are some examples of formats used by the Presentation layer of the OSI model?

A
  1. Gif
  2. jpeg
  3. mpeg
  4. quicktime
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14
Q

What is the Session Layer of the OSI model responsible for?

A

For establishing, maintaining, and terminating data communications between applications or devices.

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15
Q

What is a session made up of?

A

Requests and responses

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16
Q

What are some examples of protocols that operate at the Session layer of the OSI model?

A
  1. PAP or password Authentication Protocol

2. RPC or Remote Procedure Call

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17
Q

What is the Transport layer of the OSI model responsible for?

A

Error-free delivery of information between devices

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18
Q

What layer of the OSI model is responsible for flow control and sequencing?

A

Transport Layer

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19
Q

What are some examples of Protocols used at the Transport Layer of the OSI model?

A
  1. UDP or User Datagram Protocol

2. TCP or Transmission Control Protocol

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20
Q

What protocol provides connectionless, unreliable data transfers between networked computers?

A

UDP or User Datagram Protocol

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21
Q

What does the term connectionless mean?

A

UDP does not establish a communications session before sending data. UDP is considered unreliable because a destination computer does not send an acknowledgment that the data was received.

22
Q

What protocol provides connection-oriented, reliable data transfers between networked computers?

A

TCP or Transmission Control Protocol

23
Q

What is performed between source and destination computers when using TCP?

A

Three-way handshake

24
Q

Why is TCP considered reliable?

A

Because it offers features such as error detection and correction, flow control, sequencing, and acknowledgments

25
Q

What is the Network layer of the OSI model responsible for?

A

Logical addressing and routing on a network

26
Q

What are some examples of protocols used at the Network layer?

A
  1. IPv4
  2. IPv6
  3. IPX or Internetwork Packet Exchange
27
Q

What is the Data Link layer of the OSI model responsible for?

A

Defines how devices communicate over a network and is responsible for managing physical addressing and switching on a network

28
Q

What layer of the OSI model are MAC or Media Access Control addresses handled at?

A

Data Link Layer

29
Q

What are some examples of protocols used at the Data Link layer?

A
  1. Ethernet (which can operate at layer 1 and layer2)
  2. Frame Relay
  3. PPP or Point to Point Protocol
  4. CDP or cisco discovery protocol
30
Q

What is the Physical layer of the OSI model responsible for?

A

Defines how bis are passed over a medium. Bits can be passed electrically, mechanically, optically, or by radio signal

31
Q

What are some types of media used at the physical layer of the OSI model?

A
  1. coax
  2. twisted-pair
  3. fiber optic
32
Q

Does the physical layer of the OSI model include connectors to connect the cables to the devices?

33
Q

What are some examples of devices that operate at the physical layer of the OSI model?

A
  1. HUB
  2. NIC
  3. Repeater
34
Q

What are some examples of protocols used at the Physical layer?

A
  1. USB
  2. Ethernet
  3. ADSL or asynchronous digital subscriber line
35
Q

Describe the bottom up method of troubleshooting.

A

Begins at the physical layer of the OSI model and then works through the other layers

36
Q

Describe the top down method of troubleshooting.

A

Starts at the application layer and works toward the physical layer

37
Q

Describe the divide and conquer method of troubleshooting.

A

Starts at the network layer and works either up or down the OSI model depending on the outcome of network tests

38
Q

Describe the follow the patch troubleshooting method.

A

It is a packet-examination method of network troubleshooting. Examples are traceroute or ping

39
Q

Describe the move the problem troubleshooting method.

A

Process of replacing components to determine whether the problem remains on the original device or moves with the suspect component.

40
Q

Describe the spot the difference troubleshooting method.

A

Process of comparing a faulty configuration with a known good configuration.

41
Q

What are the four layers of the TCP/IP network model?

A
  1. Network Access Layer
  2. Internet Layer
  3. Transport Layer
  4. Application Layer
42
Q

What layer/layers of the OSI model does the Application layer of the TCP/IP model correspond with?

A
  1. Session
  2. Presentation
  3. Application
43
Q

What layer/layers of the OSI model does the Transport layer of the TCP/IP model correspond with?

A

Transport Layer

44
Q

What layer/layers of the OSI model does the Internet Layer of the TCP/IP model correspond with?

A

Network layer

45
Q

What layer/layers of the OSI model does the Network Access Layer of the TCP/IP model correspond with?

A
  1. Data Link Layer

2. Physical Layer

46
Q

What is the key purpose of the TCP/IP model?

A

Define layers based on architectural principles and not the physical layers themselves

47
Q

What are the layers of the Cisco Hierarchical Network Design Model?

A
  1. Core layer
  2. Distribution layer
  3. Access layer
48
Q

Describe the Core layer.

A

Typically provides the fastest switching path in the network. Is the network backbone, primarily associated with low latency and high reliability

49
Q

Describe the Distribution layer.

A

Provides route filtering and intervlan routing, access control lists, and intrusion prevention system filtering. The distribution layer serves as an aggregation point for the access layer network links.

50
Q

Describe the Access layer.

A

Serves as a media termination point for end points such as servers and hosts. Ideal place for user authentication and port security.

ICND-1 (12 decks)

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