2 MIDERM 1

Question 1

Chlorophyta

Answer 1

Green algae, Cholophyll a and b, ancestors of land plants, least abundant

Question 2

Phodophyta

Answer 2

Red algae, most abundant, chlorophyll and phycobilins

Question 3

Phaeophyta

Answer 3

Brown algae, chlorophyll and Fucoxanthin

Question 4

Fucoxanthin

Answer 4

Phaeophyta (Brown) secondary pigment

Question 5

Phycobilins

Answer 5

Phodophyta (Red) secondary pigment

Question 6

Epiphytic

Answer 6

Overgrowth. Grows on the seagrass, invasive species, causes the seagrass to become brittle

Question 7

Rhizomes

Answer 7

Seagrasses propagate by:

Question 8

Trichodesium

Answer 8

Cyanobacteria. nutrient-poor waters. Pink/organge streaks. Charles Darwin

Question 9

Synechoccus

Answer 9

Cyanobacteria. One of most abundant phytoplankton taxa. Sig. portion of total PP. 1970s

Question 10

Prochloroccocus.

Answer 10

Cyanobacteria. Smallest. Maybe most abundant. Half of total PP. 1980s

Question 11

Nanoflagellates

Answer 11

Eukaryotic. Can be mixotrophic. Play a key ecological role as heterotrophs

Question 12

Trochophore

Answer 12

• Functional digestive system
  * Locomotory bands of cilia
• Larval bivalve developmental stages

Question 13

Veliger:

Answer 13

• Has a rudimentary shell and foot

* Larval bivalve developmental stages

Question 14

Chaetognatha

Answer 14

Arrow worms, * Found in all oceans, hermaphroditic, carnivores

Question 15

Class Appendicularians

Answer 15

• Also called the larvaceans or pelagic tunicates
• Suspension feeders
  
  • Secrete a mucous house to suspension feed
    Chordates

Question 16

Order Salpida

Answer 16

• Called the Salps

Question 17

• Order Siphonophores:

Answer 17

• Colonies of hydroids
  
  • Called Zooids
    Phylum Cnidaria
  • Arranged in a linear structure, ordered by specific function
  • Distributed throughout the worlds oceans
  • Portugese Man o’ War

Question 18

The polyp:

Answer 18

• Bulbous feature surrounded by tentacles
  * Used in food capture
  * Polyps produce Hydromedusa by asexual budding

Question 19

Pinnipeds:

Answer 19

• Walruses;
  * Sea lions and fur seals;
  * Seals;
• Are fin-footed
• Posses flippers
• Are excellent swimmer

Question 20

Family Otariidae:

Answer 20

Sea Lions, Fur Seals, Wallruses

* Not true seals 
* External ears
* Flexible flippers
* Pelvis can rotate
* Longer necks
* Use front flippers for propulsion
* More agile on land

Question 21

Family Phocidae:

Answer 21

The true seals

Question 22

Cetaceans

Answer 22

Odontocetesare the toothed whales;

Question 23

Odontocetesare

Answer 23

the toothed whales;
* Toothed whales are adaptable and intelligent pursuit predators.
Sperm whales
use echolocation to detect prey

Question 24

Mysticetes

Answer 24

are the baleen whales

Question 25

Sediment straining

Answer 25

Grey whales

Question 26

poikilotherms

Answer 26

ectotherms

Question 27

Sea turtle species (7)

Answer 27

* Green * Hawksbill * Loggerhead * Kemp’s ridley * Olive ridley * Flatback * Leatherback

Question 28

Arribada

Answer 28

Spanish word arrival of turtles

Question 29

Homeotherms

Answer 29

endotherms

Question 30

Preen gland

Answer 30

Oily feathers maintained with

Question 31

kleptoparasitism

Answer 31

Stealing (Svanging birds)

Question 32

Agnathans

Answer 32

Jawless fish (Lamprays and hagfish)

Question 33

Gnathostomata:

Answer 33

Jawed fish * Class Chondrichthyes * Clade Osteichthyes

Question 34

Class Chondrichthyes

Answer 34

Catiliginous fish * Articulated jaws (Open and close) * Paired fins * Denticles (Scale like structures)

Question 35

The Chimaeras

Answer 35

Upper jaw is fused to head | * Deep sea

Question 36

* The Elasmobranchsi

Answer 36

sharks

Question 37

Spiracles

Answer 37

hole in shark head

Question 38

Clade Osteichthyes

Answer 38

Boney fish

Question 39

Sarcopterygii: Lobe-finned fishes

Answer 39

Lungfish | * Primitive Coelacanth 1930s

Question 40

Cadual pendunca

Answer 40

attaches tail to the body in Ray finned fish

Question 41

Actinopterygii: Ray-finned fishes

Answer 41

Ray-finned fishes have fin spines - Have scales instead of denticles - Have operculum that protects their gill slits - Many have homocercal tails

Question 42

Buccal cavity

Answer 42

Allows them not to have to move SHrks

Question 43

Anguilliform fishes

Answer 43

Are manoeuvrable, but slow | * Vibrate entier body

Question 44

Thunniform fishes

Answer 44

* Are fast and efficient, but less manoeuvrable | * Virbrate tail with strong mussels

Question 45

School vs shoal vs pod

Answer 45

* Schools: respond systematically to the approach of a predator, swim in same direction * Shoals: Social fish, stay together * Pod: More close togther

Question 46

Gill rakers

Answer 46

help planktivores sieve phytoplankton form water flowing over their gills

Question 47

Recruitment:

Answer 47

number of fish that survive to a certain age, is a key concern of fisheries managers

Question 48

Anadromous:

Answer 48

Young in freshwater, adult in sea water

Question 49

Catadromous:

Answer 49

Young in sea water, adult in fresh water (Starts with a Sea)

Question 50

desiccation

Answer 50

lack of moisture (Ploycheates tolerate)

Question 51

Ophiuroidea:

Answer 51

Brittle stars

Question 52

Echinoidea:

Answer 52

Sea urchins

Question 53

Crinoidea:

Answer 53

Sea lilies

Question 54

* Class Decapoda

Answer 54

* Shrimps, crabs and lobsters belong to the

Question 55

Evolutionary boundary between vertebrates and invertebrates

Answer 55

* Sea squirts (phylum Chordata) are tunicates (class Ascidiacea)

Question 56

* lass maxillopoda

Answer 56

Barnacles