2 - Measurement of Cardiac Fn Flashcards
3 pos waves of atrial waveform
a, c, v
what 2 things can be measured w/ Swan Ganz catheter?
CO and PCWP (pulm cap wedge pressure)
vascular resistance
pressure gradient over flow
normal pulm artery pressure
15-30/3-12 mmHg
pulmonary capillary wedge pressure - what it represents and normal values
represents left atrium pressure
nl = 5-12 mmHg
components of atrial pressure waveform in order
a - pos, atrial systole
c - pos, TV closure
x - neg, atrial relaxation
v - pos, atrial filling (ends w/ TV opening)
y - neg, rapid atrial emptying (after TV opens)
normal EF
67% (>50% is important)
cardiac index
CO/BSA
how is CO measured?
Swan Ganz catheter - thermodilution of saline
doppler echo
how is regional ventricular function measured and characterized?
echo, radionuclide angiography or contrast dye angiography
wall motion is described as normal, hypokinetic, akinetic, or dyskinetic
why do we measure ventricular response to stress?
assess overall ventricular reserve
determine functional significance of coronary stenosis in pts w/ CAD (ischemia upon exertion is often suggestive of CAD)
how does ischemia upon exertion due to CAD present?
wall motion abnormality
RA pressure, LA pressure
0-8 mmHg
3-12 mmHg
RV pressure, LV pressure
15-30/0-8 mmHg
100-140/3-12 mmHg
All of the following are assoc w/ pressure overaload concentric hypertrophy except:
a. systemic HTN
b. aortic stenosis
c. mitral regurg
d. pulm HTN
c
