2. Latvia and Levels of Society Flashcards
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What is the micro level of society?
Individual and small group interactions.
Give examples of micro-level interactions.
Family dynamics, friendships, personal relationships.
What is the meso level of society?
Local communities and organizations.
Provide examples of meso-level structures.
Schools, workplaces, community groups, local government.
What is the macro level of society?
Large-scale societal structures.
List examples of macro-level influences.
National policies, cultural norms, global institutions like the UN and WTO.
Describe the traditional Latvian agrarian lifestyle.
Predominantly rural with farming as the main occupation.
What are ‘Dainas’ in Latvian culture?
Traditional Latvian folk songs.
Name a significant Latvian festival.
Jāņi (Midsummer), emphasizing nature and heritage.
Why is the Latvian language significant?
It is a symbol of national identity.
What was the impact of Soviet occupation on Latvia?
Centralized control, suppression of national identity, collectivization of land and resources.
When did Latvia regain independence?
In 1991, transitioning to democracy and a market economy.
What continuity exists in Latvian beliefs and values?
Preservation of language, folk traditions, strong family ties, and community support.
What changes have occurred in Latvian lifestyles?
Urbanization, modernization, and influence of Western culture on youth and media.
How has education remained a continuity in Latvia?
High value placed on education and literacy, emphasis on Latvian history.
What changes have been made to the Latvian education system?
Integration of technology and alignment with European educational frameworks.
What demographic changes are occurring in Latvia?
Declining birth rates and emigration leading to population decline.
How are gender roles changing in Latvia?
Increased gender equality in education, employment, and political representation.
What is ‘Conflict Theory’?
A theory that views society as shaped by power struggles and inequalities.
How does conflict theory apply to Latvia?
Historical class conflicts under Soviet rule and tensions between ethnic Latvians and Russian minorities.
What is a strength of conflict theory?
It highlights power imbalances and social injustices.
What is a weakness of conflict theory?
It may overemphasize conflict, ignoring cooperation.
What is ‘Evolutionary Theory’ in sociology?
The idea that societies progress from simple to complex over time.
How does evolutionary theory apply to Latvia?
Transition from agrarian to industrialized society and development of democratic institutions.
What is ‘Functionalist Theory’?
A perspective that sees society as a system where all parts work together to promote stability.
How does functionalist theory apply to Latvia?
Institutions like family and education maintain social stability.
What is a weakness of functionalist theory?
It may ignore social inequalities and tensions.
