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2. KOLOKVIJ Flashcards

1
Q

On the mainland, Central Dalmatia starts at… and ends at…

A

Rogoznica, Gradac

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2
Q

Name 4 natural attractions in Central Dalmatia

A

Biokovo Nature Park, Mount Marjan, Cetina River, Zlatni Rat beach

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3
Q

What are the top 3 cultural attractions in Central Dalmatia?

A

Old town of Trogir, Diocletian’s Palace, Salona

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4
Q

Write five sentences about Trogir

A
  • UNESCO World Heritage site since 1997, historic city on the Adriatic coast.
  • Known for its well-preserved 13th-century city walls and gates.
  • The main attraction is the Cathedral of St. Lawrence, famous for its beautiful Portal by Master Radovan, a masterpiece of Romanesque architecture.
  • Nearby, Pope John Paul II Square has the City Hall, City Loggia, and a 15th-century Clock Tower, which was once a courthouse.
  • The Kamerlengo Fortress highlights the city’s medieval strategic importance.
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5
Q

When and where was Salona founded?

A

In antiquity, around the 3rd century BC, near the mouth of the Jadro River, northeast of Split.

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6
Q

What can we see in Salona today?

A

Important ancient remains, such as:
The Roman Amphitheatre
The Baths
The City Walls and Gates
The Early Christian Basilica
The Archaeological Museum of Salona

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7
Q

Write 5 sentences about the history of Split.

A
  • Split has a long history, founded by the Greek colony of Aspálathos in the 3rd century BC.
  • It became an important Roman city when Emperor Diocletian built his retirement palace there in 305 AD.
  • Split grew from a Roman residence into a medieval city, shaped by Byzantine and Venetian rule.
  • In the 7th century, it became a refuge for people escaping invasions and developed into a key center of Croatian culture and politics.
  • Today, Split is known for its mix of ancient Roman heritage, medieval architecture, and modern Croatian life.
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8
Q

Write 5 sentences about the Diocletian’s Palace

A

Diocletian’s Palace was built as a retirement home for the Roman Emperor Diocletian between 295 and 305 AD. It is located in Split, Croatia, and covers over 30,000 square meters. The palace includes living quarters, temples, a mausoleum, and strong defensive walls. Over time, it became a refuge for locals, and its underground cellars are now a tourist attraction. Today, about 3,000 people still live within the palace, mixing history with modern life.

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9
Q

Where does Southern Dalmatia begin and end?

A

Begins at Gradac and ends at the Bay of Kotor.

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10
Q

What are the main natural attractions in Southern Dalmatia?

A

The Mljet National Park, Elaphiti Islands, Baćinska Lakes, Neretva River Delta, Pelješac Peninsula

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11
Q

What are the main cultural attractions in Southern Dalmatia?

A

-Dubrovnik Old Town ,
-Old Town of Korčula,
-Trsteno Arboretum,
-Ancient site of Narona,
-Ston walls,
-Franciscan monastery in Orebić,
-Nakovana Cave on the Pelješac Peninsula, -Benedictine monastery of St. Mary in Mljet National Park,
- coastal town of Cavtat

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12
Q

Write a few sentences about the history of Dubrovnik.

A

Dubrovnik was originally called Ragusa. It was a powerful maritime republic in the Middle Ages, thriving through trade and diplomacy. The city reached its peak in the 14th and 15th centuries. In 1436, it built a water and sewage system. Dubrovnik stayed independent until 1806, when Napoleon annexed it. Later, Austria took control, and it eventually became part of Yugoslavia.

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13
Q

Since when has Dubrovnik had its current name, and when did it reach its peak prosperity?

A

Dubrovnik has carried its current Slavic name since 1918, while its peak prosperity occurred in the 15th and 16th centuries.

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14
Q

Who and when led to the decline of the old Dubrovnik Republic?

A

It was caused by Napoleon in 1806, when it was annexed to the French Empire.

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15
Q

How high and how thick are the walls of Dubrovnik?

A

They are 25 meters high. On the landward side up to 6 m, and on the seaward side up to 3 m thick.

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16
Q

What are the names of the most famous fortresses in Dubrovnik?

A

Minčeta Fortress, Revelin, Lovrijenac Fortress, and Fort St. John.

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17
Q

What are the names of the most famous city gates in Dubrovnik?

A

The Pile Gate (the western gate) and Ploče Gate.

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18
Q

Where is Ivan Gundulić buried?

A

At the Franciscan Monastery in Dubrovnik.

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19
Q

In which monastery in Dubrovnik is the 14th-century pharmacy located?

A

In the Franciscan Monastery in Dubrovnik.

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20
Q

Where were laws proclaimed and punishments imposed in Dubrovnik?

A

At the Roland’s Column in Dubrovnik.

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21
Q

What is the name of the most famous fountain in Dubrovnik?

A

The Onofrio Fountain

22
Q

Who is the patron saint of Dubrovnik?

A

St. Blaise (Sveti Vlaho).

23
Q

What is the name of the most famous column in Dubrovnik?

A

Roland’s Column.

24
Q

When was Dubrovnik almost destroyed by an earthquake?

25
In which style is the Church of St. Blaise built?
In Baroque style.
26
From which century is the Rector's Palace in Dubrovnik, and in which style is it built?
It dates from the 15th century and is built in Gothic style, with Renaissance elements added later
27
Where is the sword dance, Moreška, performed?
In Korčula.
28
What attractions is Korčula known for? (Name at least 3)
For its Old Town, St. Mark's Cathedral, Marco Polo's (alleged) house, the seaside promenade.
29
What is the name of one of the oldest and largest botanical gardens on the European continent, located near Dubrovnik?
The Trsteno Arboretum
30
Whose settlement was Narona, and when was it first mentioned?
Narona was a Greek settlement, first mentioned in the 4th century BC by the historian Theopompus.
31
Why was Ston very important for the Dubrovnik Republic?
Ston was economically very important for the Dubrovnik Republic due to its salt production. Salt production and trade were a state monopoly and contributed significantly to Ragusa's revenue.
32
How long are the walls of Ston?
The walls of Ston are 5.5 kilometers long, making them one of the longest defensive walls in Europe.
33
When was Cavtat founded and by whom?
By the Illyrians in the 7th century BC.
34
What is the name of the mausoleum built by Ivan Meštrović in Cavtat?
The Mausoleum of the Račić Family.
35
Name 5 natural attractions in the Gorski Kotar region.
Risnjak National Park, Lake Lokvarsko, Bjelolasica Mountain, Lokvarka Cave, Zeleni Vir.
36
Where is an Orthodox monastery from the 17th century located?
In Gomirje.
37
Name three castles located in the mountain region of Croatia.
Castle Zrinski, Bosiljevo Castle, Brod na Kupi Castle.
38
Describe the tourist offer in Delnice and its surroundings.
Delnice is a town 696 meters above sea level, known for timber processing and tourism. Its mountain climate, natural beauty, and modern sports facilities make it a key tourist center in Gorski Kotar. With nearly a century of experience in excursion, health, and sports tourism, Delnice attracts visitors for both short trips and longer stays. Just an hour from Rijeka and the Kvarner Riviera, it offers easy access to the peaks of Gorski Kotar, such as Drgomalj and Petehovac. The town has hotels, sports facilities, and hunting grounds. At the foot of Japlenski Vrh, there are football, basketball, bowling, and bocce courts, along with two ski jumps. Local restaurants are famous for wild game dishes, and hunting lodges can be rented. Nearby is Risnjak National Park, home to the Leska educational trail, one of Croatia’s first self-guided nature trails. This 4.5 km path, easily accessible from Crni Lug, is perfect for exploring the park’s natural and cultural beauty.
39
For what specialties are the restaurants in Delnice known?
For traditional Croatian mountain cuisine, including dishes such as roast lamb, game meat (wild boar, deer), goulash, and various types of grilled meats. They also offer hearty soups and stews, typical of the region's cold climate.
40
What are the most notable natural attractions in Fužine?
The Vrelo Cave and the Bajer and Lepenica lakes.
41
What natural beauties lie near Skrad?
Zeleni Vir is a protected area below Skrad, where the Zeleni Vir spring, the Vražji prolaz gorge, and the Muževa Hiža cave are located.
42
Write about the protected area Zeleni Vir.
Zeleni Vir is a strong spring beneath a high rock, forming a small, clear lake with a greenish tint. A stream flows from a cave, creating a 70-meter waterfall that often freezes in winter, attracting ice climbers. It then passes through the deep Vražji prolaz (Devil’s Passage) gorge. Near the exit is Muževa Hižica (Man’s Hut), a cave with an underground tunnel leading to a small lake, home to the rare Proteus anguinus (Olm). Visitors can explore Zeleni Vir, Vražji prolaz, and Muževa Hižica in about three hours, with guided tours available.
43
What is the largest illuminated cave in Croatia?
Lokvarka Cave is the largest illuminated cave in Croatia, discovered in 1912. Electricity was introduced in 1935, making it an important tourist attraction. Due to its beauty, it was declared a natural monument. Visitors can explore four galleries with a guide, while the rest remain unexplored. The cave's temperature stays between 6.5°C and 8°C, offering a cool escape in summer.
44
Where does the name Lika come from?
According to tradition, the name Lika comes from the word Lik, which in the Croatian Ikavian dialect means "medicine" and refers to the numerous medicinal herbs found there. Other sources suggest the name derives from the Greek likos = "wolf".
45
Where does the name Gospić come from?
The name probably originates from the Croatian word Gospa (meaning "Madonna, Mother of God").
46
Which natural attractions are located close to Gospić?
The Plitvice Lakes National Park, the Northern Velebit National Park, the Velebit Nature Park.
47
Smiljan is renowned for being the birthplace of which famous person?
Nikola Tesla
48
What is referred to as “the jewel of Slunj”?
The Rastoke Watermill Village.
49
Which river runs through Otočac?
The Gacka River.
50
What is the Gacka River famous for?
Its rich trout population, crystal clear and calm water ideal for canoeing or stand-up-paddling.

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