2. Job Safety Flashcards
PPE
Personal Protective Equipment: safety equipment including clothing, head, eye, ear, hand, foot, knee, and reparatory protection
Hand Tool Safety
- Point cutting tools away 2. Fasten or tie off toolboxes on elevated surfaces 3. organize tools to protect and conceal sharp edges, carry pointed down or in sheath 4. Use manu. Recommendations 5. Keep tools sharp and in proper work order 6. Repair of replace 7. Use tool belts or boxes
Power Tool Safety
- Wear PPE 2. Follow manu. Operating procedures 3. Use only UL or CSA approved tools/equipment 4. Use double-insulated power equipment or with 3rd conductor for grounding 5. Ensure off before plugging in 6. Ensure all safety guards in place before starting 7. Arrange cords and hoses to prevent trips and falls 8. Stand clear of power equip. during operation
Electrical Safety
- Don?t use frayed extension cords or use elec. tape for repair 2. 3 prongs with grounding 3. Protect extension cords passing through doors and pinch points 4. Don?t run through holes in walls, ceilings, floors 5. Don’t conceal cords 6. Don’t use temp extensions for permanent wiring
GCFI
Protects from electrical shock by detecting imbalance of current in normal conductor pathways by opening the circuit. When two conductors differ more than 5mA, GCFI opens in as little as 1/40 second
Trench
narrow excavation made below ground surface, more deep than wide. Deeper than 5’ in hard compact soil or less than 5’ in soft soil, must be stabilized
Angle of Repose
greatest angle above horizontal plane at which a material will lay without sliding
Granular Soil
consists of gravel, sand, or silt with little or no clay
Cohesive Soil
clay or soil with high clay content. Doesn’t crumble easily
Highly Cohesive Soil
gravel or rock particles held together with cohesive particles. Can’t be crushed into powder or particles by finger pressure
Trench Box
reinforced assembly consisting of two plates held apart by spacers; used to prevent sides of trench from collapse. Made from steel, concrete, or wood and moved along trench as work progresses. Used in stable or unstable soil
Fixed Ladder
Permanently attached to a structure, tank, or vault
Single Ladder
Fixed length with only one section. 6ft to 24ft lengths
Step Ladder
Folding ladder that stands independently
Extension Ladder
Adjustable height with a fixed bed section and sliding, lockable fly section or sections
Bed, Fly
Lower section, Upper section
Pawl Lock
Pivoting hook mechanism attached to the Fly
Halyard
Mechanism to hoist Fly
Ladder-tip Away
Extension ladder Fly away from building. Pick up ladder and step towards building. Must use 4 to 1 height to Bed depth
Ladder-tip Against
Extension ladder Fly against building. Pick up ladder next to building and slide up the wall. Must use 4 to 1 height to Bed depth
Scizzor Lifts
work platform is raised and lowered by mechanical scissors action via electrical or hydraulic power
Articulating Z-Boom Lift
work platform or bucket is raised and lowered through two or more hinged sections
Extendable S-Boom Lift
platform or bucket is raised and lowered by telescopic arm
Aerial Lift Safety
- Qualified operator 2. Body belt or harness and attach a lanyard. Don’t attach to adjacent structure 3. Don’t sit or climb on edge 4. Set brakes during use 5. Don’t move occupied lift 6. Have clearly visible flashing warning lights exposed to traffic 7. Don’t operate aerial lifts closer than 10 ft. from live overhead electrical lines
Sectional Metal-Framed Scaffold
or Tube and Coupler Scaffold. preformed tubular sections and components. Mobile (w/ casters) or freestanding. When free standing, height can’t exceed four times minimum base dimensions. Outriggers sometimes used to increase base
Scaffold Safety
- Stay within weight limits, must support 4 times intended max load 2. Install guardrails, midrails, and toe-boards on all open sides more than 10ft up 3. Position planks no more than 1in apart 4. Provide overhead protection if overhead hazards present 5. Don’t use during high winds or storms, icy 6. Use Guy Lines to restrain scaffolds with height-to-base ratio of more than 4 to 1 7. Lock mobile scaffolds 8. Secure or removes tools, equip, materials before moving 9. Advise everyone if moving scaffold 10. Use fall protection on 10ft plus 11. Use safety nets at 25ft plus when no harness or fall protected 12. Use safety nets that restrict falling objects when people below
Lifeline
rope or webbing attached to worker and tie-off device to prevent hitting the ground. Anchored above the work area
Vertical Lifeline
must never have more than 1 person per and long enough to reach ground when released
Lanyard
a rope or webbing device that connects a harness or body belt to a lifeline. Protects organs
Rope Grab
device that clamps securely to a rope. Contain a ring to which a lifeline can be attached. Provide protection from fall and allow mobility
Tying Off
is securely connecting a harness or body belt directly or indirectly to an overhead anchor. Additional protection
Safety Net
net made of rope or webbing for catching and falling worker. Must be used 25ft plus when worker not otherwise protected by lifeline or scaffold
Rigging
Securing equip or materials in preparation for lifting by rope, cable, chain, or web sling
Slings
Straps wrapped around load. Used for light to medium weights and light loads for long distances
Cable and Chain Slings
Chains wrapped around load. Used for medium to heavy loads
Web Slings
Netting wrapped around load, usually pipes
Hand Chain Hoist or Chain Fall
Pulley system hooked to support above with one chain. Load is lifted by pulling other chain
Ratcheting Lever Hoist
Pulley system hooked to support above, and hand lever cranked to lift load
Confined Space Hazards
Oxygen displacement by leaking gases or vapors; combustion or oxidation processes; oxygen being absorbed by the vessel or product stored; and/or oxygen consumed by baterial action
Confined Space Safety
- Don’t enter without verifying contents of space 2. Test atmosphere with appropriate oxygen and explosive gas mixture instruments 3. Purge space containing explosive or flammable atmosphere 4. Lock out all lines and equip supplying space to prevent starting of equip or introduction of hazardous materials 5. Monitor space with instruments while working 6. Don’t use toxic materials 7. Wear safety harness and lifeline if safe atmosphere can’t be assured. Buddy system 8. Appropriate respirator 9. Use fans or blowers
Confined Space Entry Permit
Document issued by employer to allow and control entry to confined space. Kept as permanent record. Includes location, job task, names of employees assigned to work, air sampling instruments used, serial numbers, date calibrated, conditions to be evaluated, life saving equipment used, signature of foreman supervising
Hazardous Material
Any material capable of posing risk to health, safety, and property. Ex. cutting fluids, primers, and solvents. Based on a worker’s Right to Know, RTK
Container Labeling
All Hazmat containers must contain a label. Contains specific hazards, precautions, and first-aid infro
NFPA
4 color hazard signal system to display info about hazmats. Blue is Health, Red is Flammability, Yellow is Reactivity, and specific hazards with no special color. Numbers 4 to 0 indicate severatiy from high to low
HMIS
Hazardous Materials Identification System is used to rank severity of hazards associated with a material. Uses the same color code and number code as NFPA. This also indicates proper PPE requirements
MSDS
Material Safety Data Sheet is printed documentation used to relay hazmat info from manufacturer, importer, or distributor to a worker. Lists precautions regarding handling, with emergency and first aid procedures
What does MSDS include
- Product info 2. Hazardous ingredients/identity info 3. Physical/Chemical characteristics 4. Fire and explosion hazard data 5. Reactivity Data 6. Health Hazards 7. Precaustions for handling and use 8. Control measures 9. Regulatory info
Occupational Irritant Contact Dermatitis
Inflammation caused by irritants found on a job site that make contact with skin. Reaction usu. develops in 24 hours. Ex. grease, gas, diesel fuel, oils, cleaners, and solvent cements.
Carcinogens
Hazardous substance that causes cancer. Requires proper PPEs
Asbestos
Mineral with long, silky fibers in a crystal form. Was widely used in materials for fireproofing, insulation, siding, tile until the late 1980s. Fibers released when material crumbles, causes Asbestosis, a scaring of the lungs, and cancer. PPEs required
Lead
Heavy and dense material with low melting point, low strength, and high rate of expansion. Once used widely on all pipes, now rarely used for Bell and Spigot cast iron soil pipe for sanitary waste and vent systems. Also used in paint, fixtures
Lead Safety
- Don’t eat or drink in hazadous area 2. appropriate respirators 3. seal hazardous area, rags, boxes, tools, and equip properly disposed of 4. cover and seal all surfaces that can’t be removed 5. clean up solid debris using HEPA vacuum filters and wet mop after 6. dispose of protective clothing after use
Health Hazards
Primers and solvents, sewer gas, concrete dust, paint odors, drywall dust, insulation, mold
Bloodborne Pathogens
specific agent, bateria or virus, of a disease in the blood. Transferred by contact with blood
Soldering and Brazing Safety
- Keep equipment clean, free of oil, and in good operating condition 2. Keep heat, flame, and sparks away from combustibles 3. Avoid leaks in gas cylinders 4. Open cylinder valves slowly
Fire Protection
Fire Resistant Gels can be placed around the plumbing components being soldered or brazed. Gel evaporates in 24 to 48 hours. Fire Mats placed against surface to protect against heat
