2 - job analysis & job design Flashcards
What is workflow design ?
Process of analysing tasks necessary for production of a product or service.
What is position?
Set of job duties performed by a particular person.
What is job?
Set of related duties.
What must units and individuals do to create outputs?
Within an organization, units and individuals must cooperate to create outputs.
The organisation’s structure brings together people who must collaborate to efficiently produce desired outputs, such as?
Centralised, decentralised, functional, product or customer.
What is job analysis?
Process of getting detailed information about jobs.
What are the results of job analysis?
Results are job description and job specification.
What is job description?
A list of tasks, duties, and responsibilities (TDRs) that a particular job entails.
What are the key components of job description?
Job title; brief description of the TDRs; list of the essential duties with detailed specifications of the tasks involved in carrying out each duty.
What are job specifications?
List of knowledge, skills, abilities, and other characteristics (KSAO needed to perform a particular job).
What is knowledge?
Factual or procedural information necessary for successfully performing a task.
what is a skill?
An individual’s level of proficiency at performing a particular task.
what is ability?
A general enduring capability that an individual possess.
What are other characteristics?
Job-related licensing, certifications, or personality traits.
What are the sources of job information?
The incumbents, Dictionary of occupational Titles, occupational information Network.
Who are the incumbents?
People who currently hold the position in the organisation.
What is occupational information network?
An online job description database developed by the Labor Department.
What is a position analysis questionnaire?
A standardized job analysis questionnaire containing 194 questions about work behaviours, work conditions, and job characteristics that apply to a wide variety of jobs.
What are the key sections of a position analysis questionnaire?
Information input; mental processes; work output; relationships with other people; job context; other characteristics.
What is a fleishman job analysis system?
Job analysis technique that asks subject-matter experts to evaluate a job in terms of the abilities required to perform the job.
What are the categories of abilities of the fleishman job analysis system?
Written comprehension; deductive reasoning; manual dexterity; stamina; originality
Almost every HRM program requires some type of information determined by job analysis, such as?
Work redesign; HR planning; selection; training; performance appraisal; career planning; job evaluation.
What is the trend in job analysis?
Organisations are being viewed as a field of work needing to be done, rather than as a set series of jobs held by individuals.
What is dejobbing?
Designing work by project rather than jobs.
What are the project manager competencies?
Organisational & planning skills; communications; financial & quantitative skills.
What are organisational & planning skills?
Ability to establish priorities on projects and schedule activities to achieve results.
What are communications?
Ability to build credibility and trust through open and direct communications with internal and external customers.
What are financial & quantitative skills?
Ability to analyse financial information accurately and set financial goals that have a positive impact on company’s bottom line and fiscal objective.
What is job design?
The process of defining how work will be performed and what tasks will be required in a given job.
what is job redesign?
A similar process that involves changing an existing job design.
What must a person understand to design jobs effectively?
The job itself and its place in the units work flow.
What are the approaches to job design?
Design for efficiency, design for motivation, design for safety and health, design for mental capacity.
What is industrial engineering?
Study of jobs to find the simplest way to structure work to maximise efficiency.
what is skill variety?
Extent to which a job requires a variety of skills to carry out tasks involved.
What is task identity?
Degree to which a job requires completing a “whole” piece of work from beginning to end.
What is autonomy?
Extent to which the job allows an individual to make decisions about the way work will be carried out.
What is feedback?
Extent to which a person receives clear information about performance effectiveness from the work itself.
What are ergonomics?
Study of interface between individuals’ physiology and characteristics of physical work environment.
What is the goal of ergonomics?
The goal is to minimise physical strain on the worker by structuring physical work environment around the way the human body works.
What is work designed for?
Work is designed to reduce information-processing requirements of the job. Workers may be less likely to make mistakes or have accidents.
What are the ways to simplify a job’s mental demands?
Limit amount of information and memorisation that the job requires.
Organisations can provide adequate lighting, easy-to-read gauges and displays, simple-to-operate equipment, clear instructions.
What is the job characteristics model?
- skill variety
- task identity
- task significance
- autonomy
- feedback
What is task significance?
Extent to which the job has an important impact on the lives of other people.
