2 introduction to unit 3 - rights and justice

Question 1

laws

Answer 1

legal rules made by a legal authority that are enforceable by the police and other agencies

Question 2

parliament

Answer 2

a formal assembly of representatives of the people that is elected by the people and gathers together to make laws

Question 3

social cohesion

Answer 3

a term used to describe the willingness of members of a society to cooperate to survive and prosper

Question 4

the Australian Constitution

Answer 4

Commonwealth of Australia Constitution Act 1900 (UK) is a set of rules & principles that guide the way Australia is governed.

Question 5

constitutional monarchy

Answer 5

a system of government in which a monarch
(king or queen) is the head of state & a parliament makes the laws under the terms of a constitution

Question 6

democracy

Answer 6

a system of government in which members of parliament are voted into office by the people & represent the wishes of the people

Question 7

law-makers in Australia

Answer 7

PARLIAMENT

• statute law: a law made by parliament; a bill which has passed through parliament and has received royal assent. AKA legislation or an Act of Parliament

COURTS

• common law: law made by judges through decisions made in cases. AKA case law or judge-made law

Question 8

criminal law

Answer 8

an area of law that defines a range of behaviours & conduct that is prohibited + outlines sanctions for people who commit them

• crime: an act or omission that breaks an existing law, harmful to an individual or society as a whole & punishable by law
• sanction: a penalty imposed by a court on a person guilty of a criminal offence

Question 9

civil law

Answer 9

an area of law that defines the rights + responsibilities of individuals, groups and organisations in society & regulates private disputes

• civil dispute: a dispute b/w 2 or more individuals/groups in which one of them makes a legal claim against the other
• remedy: an order made by a court to address a civil wrong/breach + provide a legal solution for the plaintiff by the defendant & (as much as possible) restore the plaintiff to their original position

Question 10

rule of law

Answer 10

the principle that everyone in society is bound by law + must obey the law & that laws should be fair and clear