2: Hypoparathyroidism Flashcards
What is hypoparathyroidism
Low concentration circulating parathyroid hormone
What is primary hypoparathyroidism
Low concentration PTH due to defect in pituitary gland
What are three causes of primary hypoparathyroidism
- Autoimmune: second most-common cause
- Congenital: DiGeorge’s,
- Infiltration: Wilson’s, Haemochromatosis
What congenital syndrome causes primary hypoparathyroidism
Di George’s syndrome (22q 11 deletion syndrome)
What are infiltrative causes of hypoparathyroidism
Haemochromatosis
Wilson’s disease
What is the second most common cause of hypoparathyroidism
Autoimmune
What is secondary hypoparathyroidism
Low PTH secondary to another cause
What is the most common cause of hypoparathyroidism
Parathyroidectomy
What are two other causes of secondary hypoparathyroidism
- Low magnesium
- Radiation
What does low magnesium cause hypoparathyroidism
Magnesium is required to aid PTH secretion
What is pseudohypoparathyroidism
Genetic condition where there is tissue resistance to PTH
What is the inheritance pattern of pseudohypoparahtyroidism
Autosomal dominant
What is pseudopseudohypoparathyroidism
Where person has morphological features of pseduohypoparathyroidism but normal morphology
What are 3 RF for hypoparathyroidism
- DiGeorge
- Parathyroidectomy
- Thyroidectomy
How does hypoparathyroidism manifest in acute stages
Hypocalcaemia
