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Equipment > 2. Fluoro 2 > Flashcards

2. Fluoro 2 Flashcards

1
Q

During digital fluoroscopy, the time required for the x-ray tube to turn on and reach the mA and kVp selected is called the:

Duty time
Stabilization time
Extinction time
Interrogation time

A

Interrogation time

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2
Q

Reducing noise and image file size by combining up to four pixels during fluoroscopic image processing is accomplished through:

vignetting
flux gain
pixel binning
pause and pulse

A

pixel binning

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3
Q

Federal law requires that under normal operation, the Entrance Skin Dose (dose at table-top) rate shall not exceed ______________ for conventional fluoroscopic procedures.

3 R/min
10 R/min
5 R/min
20 R/min

A

10 R/min

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4
Q

Digital fluoroscopy with a CCD has lower ____________ and higher ____________when compared to image intensified fluoroscopy with a television camera positioned at the output phosphor.

Spatial resolution, maintenance
Patient dose, DQE
Contrast resolution, patient dose
Light sensitivity, patient dose

A

Patient dose, DQE

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5
Q

Digital fluoroscopy created by a flat panel image receptor (FPIR), also called a flat panel detector:

Increases the radiation dose to the patient during magnification mode

Uses pulse progressive fluoroscopic technology

Operates in fluoroscopic mode, with less than 5 mA

Has a higher patient dose when compared to image intensified fluoroscopy

A

Uses pulse progressive fluoroscopic technology

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6
Q

The advantage of flat-panel image receptors over image intensifiers in digital fluoroscopy include:

Low SNR
High DQE
Affected by external magnetic fields
Circular imaging area

A

High DQE

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7
Q

During digital fluoroscopy, the tube is protected from heat overload due to:

High DQE
Low mA
Pulse-progressive fluoroscopy
Continuous fluoroscopy

A

Pulse-progressive fluoroscopy

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8
Q

At all radiation levels in fluoroscopy, which device maintains a high DQE (detective quantum efficiency)?

Flat panel image receptor (FPIR)
Cathode ray tube (CRT)
Image intensifier with television camera
Image intensifier with charge-coupled device (CCD)

A

Flat panel image receptor (FPIR)

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9
Q

During Fluoroscopy, the SOD on a fixed unit cannot be less than ______________ inches.

12 in (30 cm)
40 in (100 cm)
20 in (50 cm)
15 in (38 cm)

A

15 in (38 cm)

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10
Q

A charged coupled device used in digital fluoroscopy:

Replaces the image intensifier in conventional units
Provides low spatial resolution
Replaces the television camera tube in image intensified units
Has a low detective quantum efficiency (DQE)

A

Replaces the television camera tube in image intensified units

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11
Q

Digital fluoroscopy with a charge-coupled device has lower ______________ and higher ___________than image intensfied fluoroscopy with the television camera at the output phosphor.

Light sensitivity, patient dose
Detective quantum efficiency, maintenance
Patient dose, light sensitivity
Signal-to-noise ratio, patient dose

A

Patient dose, light sensitivity

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12
Q

In pulse-progressive fluoroscopy, the fraction of time that the x-ray tube is energized is called the:

Subtraction time
Interrogation time
Extinction time
Duty cycle

A

Duty cycle

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13
Q

Most digital fluoroscopic systems are capable of 8-bit processing, or ____ shades of gray.

32
16
64
256

A

256

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14
Q

With fluoroscopy, federal law requires an audible _____ minute timer that can be reset as many times as necessary to complete a procedure.

15
20
10
5

A

5

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15
Q

A lead apron of at least ____ mm Pb/eq must be worn by all people (except the patient) present in the fluoroscopic room during an exposure.

.5
.35
.4
.25

A

.5

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16
Q

With the flat panel image receptor (FPIR), the image captured is:

Ellipsoidal
Square or rectangular
Triangular
Circular

A

Square or rectangular

17
Q

With fluoroscopy, strips of lead rubber forming a drape of ____ Pb/eq are positioned between the fluoroscopist and the patient.

.5
.10
.35
.25

A

.25

18
Q

Viewing the fluoroscopic digital image during an exam routinely occurs on a ____________, which is rapidly replacing the cathode ray tube (CRT):

Vidicon
CCD
Flat panel image display
Plumbicon

A

Flat panel image display

19
Q

The flat panel image receptor (FPIR) is an array of detector elements (DELS) and is composed of pixels made from cesium iodide (CsI) and:

Amorphous silicon
Crystallized Silicon
Zinc Cadmium Sulfide
Antimony compounds

A

Amorphous silicon

20
Q

Advantages of using a charge coupled device (CCD) in digital fluoroscopy systems include:

  1. High spatial resolution
  2. Increased lag
  3. Lower patient dose

1 and 3
1 only
2 and 3
1, 2, and 3

A

1 and 3

21
Q

In digital fluoroscopy, the x-ray tube operates in radiographic mode using __________ mA.

Hundreds of
Single phase
0.5-5.0
Less than a hundred

A

Hundreds of

Continuous Fluoro uses low mA (0.5-5.0)

22
Q

Most digital fluoroscopic units have this feature which simply maintains the last real-time fluoroscopic image on the viewing monitor until it is replaced by the unit being activated again.

last image hold
minification gain
automatic brightness control (ABC)
magnification mode

A

last image hold

23
Q

The flat panel detector used in fluoroscopy enables the operator to use magnification mode with _______ in patient dose, whereas the image intensifier used in fluoroscopy enables the operator to use magnification mode with ________ in patient dose.

no increase; an increase
an increase; no increase

A

no increase; an increase

24
Q

In digital fluoroscopy, the time it takes for the generator to switch off is referred to as:

Extinction time
Duty cycle
Rest period
Interrogation time

A

Extinction time

25
Q

The bucky slot cover must have ___ mm Pb/eq to protect the gonads of the fluoroscopist.

.15
.25
.2
.1

A

.25

Equipment (9 decks)

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