2: emergency box Flashcards
1
Q
sodium bicarbonate classiffication
A
natural anticholinergic
2
Q
when is 10% calcium chloride or calcium gluconate used
A
when the heart stops
3
Q
what is used to correct PVC
A
2% lidocaine
4
Q
what is atropine
A
organo phosphate reversal
5
Q
what is doxapram
A
respiratory stimulant
6
Q
when is prednisolone sodium succinate used
A
trauma cases
7
Q
what drug is good for seizure patients
A
diazepam
8
Q
diazepam aka
A
valium
9
Q
what is also used as an appetite stimulant
A
valium
10
Q
naloxone aka
A
narcan
11
Q
what drug reverses narcotics
A
naloxone
12
Q
what reverses xylosine
A
yohimbine
13
Q
what is used on burn patients
A
heparin
14
Q
furosemide aka
A
lasix
15
Q
what is used to reduce swelling
A
mannitol 20%
16
Q
how much drug is given IT
A
2xIV dose
17
Q
how are drugs given IT
A
directly into tracheal lumen or urinary catheter down an ET tube
18
Q
what drug is most common for cardiac arrest and allergies
A
epinephrine
19
Q
what drug stimulates heart contractions and blood flow to vital organs
A
epinephrine
20
Q
most common epinephrine ratio
A
1:1000
21
Q
what is epinephrine often used to treat (3)
A
anaphylatic shock, epistaxis
22
Q
what drug increases glycogenolysis to release glucose from the liver
A
epinephrine
23
Q
where is epinephrine stored
A
refrigerated and away from light
24
Q
what drug stimulates the myocardium
A
dopamine
25
what is dopamine used for (3)
CPR, shock therapy, renal failure
26
what could raise and should be closely monitored when giving a patient dopamine
blood presser and cardiac output
27
what drug should be administered by a carefully monitored CRI
dopamine
28
what concentrations of dopamine are there
40,80, and 160 mg/ml
29
what drug can cause arrhythmias, dyspnea, anxiety, excitability, and nausea
dopamine
30
what does sodium bicarbonate 8.4% correct
metabolic acidosis
31
what is used for shock, severe D+, cardiac disease, hyperkalemia, cardiac arrest over 10 minutes
sodium bicarbonate 8.4%
32
what is sodium bicarbonates concentration
8.4%
33
when is sodium bicarbonate contraindicated
vomiting and hypokalemia
34
what test should be run with sodium bircabonate
blood gas
35
what is the most common concentration of atropine
0.54 mg/ml
36
what parasympathetic anticholinergic increases heart rate
atropine
37
what is an antidote for organophosphate poisoning
atropine
38
what should be done to stop PVC
give atropine slowly till stopped
39
what should be used with caution in horses and rumnents
atropine
40
what is useful for AV block and systole
atropine
41
what drug lowers gut motility
atropine
42
what does atropine dilate
pupils and bronciols
43
glycopyrrolate aka
robinul
44
what class is glycopyrolate
synthetic anticholinergic
45
what anticholinergic is better for sight hounds and C-sections
glycopyrrolate
46
what is the common dose for glycopyrrolate
0.2mg/ml
47
why is glycopyrrolate better than atropine
longer duration
48
what drug is used in severe hypocalcemic cases
calcium chloride 10%
49
how should calcium chloride be given
slowly IV
50
what can cause inflammation, necrosis, and sloughing if given extravascularly
calcium chloride
51
when should calcium chloride be used with caution
nephrocalcinosis and digitalis patients
52
what is used for hypercalcemia, hyperkalemia, and ventricular asystole
calcium gluconate
53
what is used to restart contractions and strengthen heart muscle
calcium gluconate
54
if calcium gluconate has to be given IC where should it be injected
left ventricle
55
what is lidocaine classified as
local analgesic block
56
what is lidocaine used for
ventricular arrhythmias
57
how much lidocaine should be given for ventricular arrhythmias
2mg/kg
58
how should lidocaine be given
slow IV till arrhythmia is stopped
59
how many doses of IV doxapram HCL should be given
only 1 to prevent overdose
60
when is doxapram HCL contraindicated
seizure patients
61
what immunosurpressent glucocorticoid inhibits phospholipase and is an anti-inflammitory
dexamethasone
62
when is dexamethasone used
in shock or trauma to lower edema
63
what immunosurpressent stops asthma and allergic reactions
prednisolone sodium succinate
64
what is used for spinal or intracranial trauma and shock
prednisolone sodium succinate
65
what type of drug commonly causes polyphagia, PU/PD, panting, weakness, bilateral alopecia
steroids
66
what type of drug will raise blood values (esp. glucose)
steroids
67
what do steroids decrease (3)
thyroid hormone, protein synthesis, wound healing
68
when are steroids not recommended (3)
during healing fractures, young animals, and pregnant animals
69
when should steroids be used with caution (3)
CHF, diabetics, renal disease
70
what drug is an anticonvulsent
diazepam
71
what dosage forms does diazepam come in (4)
tablet, injectable, oral sol'n, rectal gel
72
is diazepam controlled
yes
73
what is also used for chocolate, nicotine, and aspirin toxicity
diazepam
74
what drug is a psychotheraputic
phenobarbitol
75
how often should theraputic levels be checked when on phenobarbitol
every 6 months
76
what can phenobarbitol control
seizures
77
what class is pentobarbital in
barbituate anticonvulsant
78
what dose form does pentobarbital come in
injectable only
79
what is a second choice seizure medication due to its narrow safety margin
pentobarbital
80
what is used to treat shock, increased cardiac output and arterial blood pressure
narcan
81
what are 2 common side effects of naloxone
lowers hemoconcentration and metabolic acidosis
82
what does naloxone prevent
hypoglycemia
83
what is used for romifidine reversal
yohimbine
84
torbugesic/ torbutrol aka
butophanol
85
what is butorphanol used for
skin or declaw
86
what is the common concentration of heparin
10000 IU/ml
87
what is heparin used for
clot prevention and burn victims
88
when is heparin contraindicated
coagulant disorders
89
how much heparin should be given
3cc
90
lasix/salix/disal aka
furosemide
91
what is furosemide used for (6)
hyperkalcemia, pulmonary edema, ascites, cerebral edema, nosebleeds, oliguria
92
when should furosemide not be used
anuria progressive kidney disease
93
what dosage forms is furosemide in
tablets, oral sol'n, injectable
94
what can prolonged use of lasix lead to
low potassium levels
95
when is mannitol contraindicated
dehydrated patients
96
what drug shrinks vitrius humor of the eye
mannitol
97
how often can mannitol be given
every 4-6 hours 2-3 times
98
what does mannitol increase
cerebral blood flow
99
what should be monitored while on mannitol
fluid/electrolyte imbalances, nausea/V+, dizziness
100
what does mannitol treat (3)
oliguria, acute glocoma, acute cerebral edema with trauma
101
how is mannitol given
IV only
102
what drug can be used in place of epinephrine
vasopressin
103
what drug increases water reabsorption
vasopressin
104
what is the dose for vasopressin
0.4 ml/kg every 4-5 minutes
105
what is amiodarone used for
irregular heart rhythem
106
what is amiodarone dose
5mg/kg
107
how often should emergency boxes be checked
at least once a month
108
what should emergency boxes be checked for
outdated drugs, depleted supplies, clogged needles
