2. Digestion

Question 1

Monogastric

Answer 1

One stomach

Question 2

Oral cavity

Answer 2

Saliva containing amylase is added to start the chemical digestion

Question 3

Oestophagus

Answer 3

Food is swallowed and moves through the system via peristalsis

Question 4

Stomach

Answer 4

Hydrochloric acid and enzymes break down the food more and turn it into chyme

Question 5

What is the small intestine made up of?

Answer 5

Duodenum
Jejunum
Ileum

Question 6

Duodenum (Small intestine)

Answer 6

Bile is added from the liver which emulsifies fats and neutralises acid

Question 7

Liver

Answer 7

Stores surplus amounts of some vitamins

Question 8

Pancreas

Answer 8

Secretes more enzymes and bicarbonate which enter the duodenum

Question 9

Jejunum and Ilium (Small intestine)

Answer 9

Nutrients are absorbed

Question 10

What is the large intestine made up of?

Answer 10

Colon
Caecum
Rectum

Question 11

Large intestine

Answer 11

Absorption of water and water soluble vitamins

Question 12

Rectum

Answer 12

Allows waste matter to be stored before excretion

Question 13

Anus

Answer 13

Exterior opening for faeces

Question 14

Peristalsis

Answer 14

Rhythmic muscular contractions to push food through the digestive tract

Question 15

Mechanical digestion

Answer 15

Occurs in the oral cavity and stomach, large pieces of food are ingested and physically broken down into smaller pieces

Question 16

Chemical digestion

Answer 16

Occurs in the oral cavity and stomach, food is broken down using enzymes, acids and bile into nutrients for absorption

Question 17

Coprophagia

Answer 17

Eats their own faeces

Question 18

Absorption in the large intestine

Answer 18

The large intestine has a bigger surface area for absorption of nutrients

Question 19

Rumen

Answer 19

• largest stomach compartment
• acts as storage for food
• also a fermentation vat

Question 20

Reticulum

Answer 20

Removes large particles and carries out retro-peristalsis

Question 21

Omasum

Answer 21

Absorbs water and salt

Question 22

Abomasum

Answer 22

The true stomach where enzymes break up food

Question 23

Avian Digestion

Answer 23

The digestion of birds

Question 24

What order does food move in the avian digestion cycle?

Answer 24

Mouth, oesophagus, crop, proventriculus, ventriculus (gizzard), caeca, cloaca

Question 25

Mouth

Answer 25

Birds use their tongue to move food to the back of the mouth where it is swallowed

Question 26

Crop

Answer 26

Moves from the oesophagus to the crop where it is temporarily stored

Question 27

Proventriculus

Answer 27

Digestive enzymes and hydrochloric acid are added

Question 28

Ventriculus (gizzard)

Answer 28

Food is mechanically digested

Question 29

Caeca

Answer 29

2 pouches where the small and large intestine joins. Water is reabsorbed and food is fermented