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Animal Biology > 2. Digestion > Flashcards

2. Digestion Flashcards

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1
Q

Monogastric

A

One stomach

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2
Q

Oral cavity

A

Saliva containing amylase is added to start the chemical digestion

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3
Q

Oestophagus

A

Food is swallowed and moves through the system via peristalsis

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4
Q

Stomach

A

Hydrochloric acid and enzymes break down the food more and turn it into chyme

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5
Q

What is the small intestine made up of?

A

Duodenum
Jejunum
Ileum

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6
Q

Duodenum (Small intestine)

A

Bile is added from the liver which emulsifies fats and neutralises acid

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7
Q

Liver

A

Stores surplus amounts of some vitamins

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8
Q

Pancreas

A

Secretes more enzymes and bicarbonate which enter the duodenum

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9
Q

Jejunum and Ilium (Small intestine)

A

Nutrients are absorbed

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10
Q

What is the large intestine made up of?

A

Colon
Caecum
Rectum

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11
Q

Large intestine

A

Absorption of water and water soluble vitamins

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12
Q

Rectum

A

Allows waste matter to be stored before excretion

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13
Q

Anus

A

Exterior opening for faeces

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14
Q

Peristalsis

A

Rhythmic muscular contractions to push food through the digestive tract

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15
Q

Mechanical digestion

A

Occurs in the oral cavity and stomach, large pieces of food are ingested and physically broken down into smaller pieces

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16
Q

Chemical digestion

A

Occurs in the oral cavity and stomach, food is broken down using enzymes, acids and bile into nutrients for absorption

17
Q

Coprophagia

A

Eats their own faeces

18
Q

Absorption in the large intestine

A

The large intestine has a bigger surface area for absorption of nutrients

19
Q

Rumen

A
  • largest stomach compartment
  • acts as storage for food
  • also a fermentation vat
20
Q

Reticulum

A

Removes large particles and carries out retro-peristalsis

21
Q

Omasum

A

Absorbs water and salt

22
Q

Abomasum

A

The true stomach where enzymes break up food

23
Q

Avian Digestion

A

The digestion of birds

24
Q

What order does food move in the avian digestion cycle?

A

Mouth, oesophagus, crop, proventriculus, ventriculus (gizzard), caeca, cloaca

25
Q

Mouth

A

Birds use their tongue to move food to the back of the mouth where it is swallowed

26
Q

Crop

A

Moves from the oesophagus to the crop where it is temporarily stored

27
Q

Proventriculus

A

Digestive enzymes and hydrochloric acid are added

28
Q

Ventriculus (gizzard)

A

Food is mechanically digested

29
Q

Caeca

A

2 pouches where the small and large intestine joins. Water is reabsorbed and food is fermented

Animal Biology (14 decks)

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