2. Control Of Blood Glucose Concentration Flashcards
What is the normal concentration of glucose in blood?
90 mg per 100cm 3 of blood.
What is blood glucose monitored by?
Cells in the pancreas.
When is blood glucose concentration likely to rise ?
After eating food containing carbohydrate.
When is blood glucose likely to fall?
After exercise.
More glucose used in respiration to release energy.
What 2 hormones control blood glucose conc?
Insulin and glucagon.
What are insulin and glucagon examples of?
Chemical messengers that travel in the blood to target cells.
What is insulin and glucagon secreted by ?
Clusters of cells in pancreases called islet of langerhans.
What type of cells do the islet of langerhans contain ?
Beta
Alpha
Function of beta cells.
Secrete insulin into blood.
Function of beta cells.
Secrete glucagon nut blood.
What do insulin and glucagon act as?
Effective as they restore blood glucose conc to normal level.
What does Insulin do to blood glucose conc?
Lowers it when it’s too high.
How does insulin lower blood glucose concentration when it’s too high?
It binds to specific receptors on cell membranes of muscle/ liver cells.
Increases permeability of muscle cell membranes to glucose, so cells take up more glucose.
Involved increasing number of channel proteins in cell membranes.
What does the activation of enzymes by insulin do?
Converts glucose into glycogen.
As cells able to store glycogen in their cytoplasm as energy source.
What is the process called of forming glycogen from glucose?
Glycogenesis.
