1. Homeostasis Basics

Question 1

What is homeostasis ?

Answer 1

Maintenance of a stable internal environment - controlling system that keep you internally environment constant

Dynamic equilibrium - to ensure cells function normally

Question 2

Why is homeostasis important ?

Answer 2

Maintain temp / blood pH
Because ^ these factors affect enzymes activity and enzymes control metabolic reactions.

Maintain blood glucose concentration because cells need glucose for energy and blood glucose concentration affects water potential of blood

Question 3

Temp on metabolic reactions

Answer 3

Rate of metabolic reactions increases when temp increases

More heat = more kinetic energy = molecules move faster = more likely substate molecules to collide with enzymes active site = energy of collation also increases = reaction

Question 4

If temp gets too higher

Answer 4

Reaction stops
Vibrations break hydrogen bonds that hold enzyme in 3D shape
Active site changes shape so substate cannot bind - denatured - doesn’t function as catalyst

Question 5

Temp too low

Answer 5

Enzyme activity is reduced

Slowing rate of metabolic reactions

Question 6

Highest rate of enzyme activity in humans , what temp ?

Answer 6

37 degrees

Question 7

pH

Answer 7

Too low or too high enzymes denature

Ironic and hydrogen bonds holding 3D shale are broken so active site changes and denatured

Optimum pH is highest rate of enzyme activity - more metabolic reactions - pH 7

Question 8

How is pH calculated by

Answer 8

Based on conc of hydrogen ions in environment

More H+ the lower the pH will be - acidic

pH = - Log10 [H+]

Question 9

Log10

Answer 9

Logarithmic scale

Each value on log scale using Log10 is ten times larger than the value before