2: Community Health Program Flashcards
What is healthy behavior and activity defined by?
QOL
What factors are involved in healthy behavior and activity?
Economic, social, political, ecological, physical variables
What is healthy behavior and activity influenced by?
Community attitudes and environment
What does PRECEDE stand for?
P = predisposing
R = reinforcing
E = enabling
C = constructs “in”
E = educational/environmental
D = diagnosis
E = evaluation
What does PROCEED stand for?
P = policy
R = regulatory
O = organizational
C = constructs “in”
E = educational
E = environmental
D = development
What is the theme of the “precede” stage?
The process leading up to an intervention
What is the theme of the “proceed” stage?
How to proceed with the intervention
What are the four phases of the “precede” stage?
- Social diagnosis
- Epidemiologic, behavioral, and environmental diagnosis
- Educational and organizational diagnosis
- Administrative and policy diagnosis
What are the four phases of the “proceed” stage?
- Implementation
- Process evaluation
- Impact evaluation
- Outcome evaluation
What is phase 1 of the P-P model?
Defining the outcome - social diagnosis
Describe the social diagnosis
- Understanding the needs of the community
- Define QOL problems and priorities
- Solicit information
What are methods to solicit information in phase 1?
- Surveys
- Focus group
- Phone interview
- Interviews
- Questionnaires in public places
What is phase 2 of the P-P model?
Identify the issue - epidemiologic diagnosis
What are the components of the epidemiologic diagnosis?
- Issues and factors
- Behaviors
- Community lifestyle
- Environment
What is phase 3 of the P-P model?
Behavioral and environmental diagnosis
Describe the behavioral and environmental diagnosis
Identify the behavior, lifestyle, and environmental factors that must be changed to affect the health or other issues identifies in phase 2
What three factors are included in the behavioral and environmental diagnosis?
- Predisposing
- Enabling
- Reinforcing
What are predisposing factors?
Constructs that make a person more or less likely to adopt health or risk behaviors
What can influence predisposing factors?
- Knowledge
- Attitudes
- Beliefs
- Values
- Confidence
What are enabling factors?
Internal or external conditions related to the issue that help people adopt and maintain healthy or unhealthy behaviors and lifestyles
What are examples of enabling factors?
Availability of resources, accessibility of services, laws, regulations
What are reinforcing factors?
Attitudes that make support or challenge adopting healthy behaviors or fostering environmental conditions for those changes
What are examples of reinforcing factors?
Influential people - interventions may need to reach those people in order to hit the real target group
What is phase 4 of the P-P model?
Identify best practices - administrative, regulatory, and policy issues impacting program implementation
What are administrative issues that need to be addressed?
- Organization structure
- Procedures
- Resources available
What are policy and regulatory issues that need to be addressed?
- Staffing
- Participants
- Collaboration
- Funder requirements
- Oversight regulations
- Laws, community policies
What is phase 5 of the P-P model?
Implementation
What is phase 6 of the P-P Model
Process evaluation
What is considered during the evaluation of the process?
- Did you do what you planned
- What went well
- What did not go well
What is phase 7 of the P-P model?
Impact evaluation
What is involved in phase 7 of the impact evaluation
Is the intervention having the desired effect
What is phase 8 of the P-P model?
Outcome evaluation
What is included in the outcome evaluation?
- Is the intervention working to change your goal
- Timeframe until change
