1: Creating Health Change Flashcards
What is the WHO definition of “health”?
A state of physical, mental, and emotional well being, not just the absence of disease
How has the healthcare paradigm shifted?
From emphasis on illness to a focus on health, function, quality of life, and well being
How does wellness differ from health?
Wellness represents more constructs that health
What is optimal health?
Balance between physical, mental, and social health
How does the National Wellness Institute define wellness?
An active process of becoming aware of and making choices toward a more successful existence
What are the six dimensions of wellness?
- Occupational
- Physical
- Social
- Intellectual
- Spiritual
- Emotional
What are the five reasons of why it is important to promote health?
- Mortality
- Morbidity
- Medical cost of disability
- Lost years of income
- Quality of life
How has life expectancy changed from 2018-2020?
Decreased from 78.5 to 77.28
Why has life expectancy decreased since 2018?
- Drug overdose
- Suicide
- Cirrhosis related deaths due to genetics, alcohol, and obesity
What is the role of the PT in health promotion?
- Prevention
- Promotion of health, wellness, and fitness
- Screening
What is primary prevention?
Preventing a target condition in a susceptible population or potentially susceptible population through such specific measures as general health promotion efforts
What is secondary prevention?
Decreasing duration of illness, severity of disease, and number of sequelae through early diagnosis and prompt intervention
What is tertiary prevention?
Limiting the degree of disability and promoting rehabilitation and restoration of function in patients with chronic and irreversible diseases
What are the three determinants of health according to the WHO?
- Social and economic environment
- Physical environment
- Individual characteristics and behaviors
What are contextual factors the influence the determinants of health?
Income and social status, education, physical environment, employment and working conditions, social support networks, culture, genetics, personal behavior and coping skills, health services, gender
What are health behaviors, and what are the two types?
Actions that affect health or mortality, can either be intentional or unintentional
At what level are health behaviors measured at?
Individual, group, population
What is a wellness behavior?
Individuals become more active, curious, and socially engages, and ultimately healthier and more resilient
What is an illness behavior?
In individual defines their state of health and discover a remedy by seeking medical treatment
What are social determinants of health?
Non-medical factors affecting healing, including socioeconomic status and geographic location
What are conditions that impact social determinants of health?
Where you are born, grow up, work, live, age
What are the six components of the Health Behavior/Belief Model?
- Perceived susceptibility
- Perceived severity
- Perceived benefit
- Perceived barriers
- Cues to action
- Self-efficacy
What model is displayed in the diagram?
Health Behavior/Belief Model
What is an internal locus of control?
Choices, personal action, and decisions have a direct bearing on health
What is an external locus of control?
Other factors are responsible for my health status
What is chance related to locus of control?
Controlled by fate, luck, or chance
What is Social Cognitive Theory?
Human behavior is the product of the dynamic interplay of the person, the behavior, and the environment
What does Social Cognitive Theory assess?
-Cognitive and emotional aspects of behavior for understanding behavioral change
- How patient acquire and continue with behavioral patterns
What is the Transtheoretical Model?
Stages of intentional change that focuses on decision making process
What are the 5 Stages of Change according to the Transtheoretical Model?
- Precontemplation
- Contemplation
- Preparation
- Action
- Maintenance
What is the precontemplation stage?
No intention to change
What is the contemplation stage?
Intending to change in the near future
What is the preparation stage?
Making a plan to change behavior
What is the action stage?
Implementing plan to change a behavior
What is the maintenance stage?
Continuation of behavior
What is the Socioeconomic Model?
Examines social, economic, and climate policies that impact health behaviors
What does the Socioeconomic Model explain?
How a person’s SES, living, and aging conditions can impact their health behaviors
What does the Socioeconomic Model consider?
- Environment
- Social environment
- Stress
- Perceptions
