1: Creating Health Change Flashcards

1
Q

What is the WHO definition of “health”?

A

A state of physical, mental, and emotional well being, not just the absence of disease

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2
Q

How has the healthcare paradigm shifted?

A

From emphasis on illness to a focus on health, function, quality of life, and well being

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3
Q

How does wellness differ from health?

A

Wellness represents more constructs that health

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4
Q

What is optimal health?

A

Balance between physical, mental, and social health

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5
Q

How does the National Wellness Institute define wellness?

A

An active process of becoming aware of and making choices toward a more successful existence

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6
Q

What are the six dimensions of wellness?

A
  1. Occupational
  2. Physical
  3. Social
  4. Intellectual
  5. Spiritual
  6. Emotional
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7
Q

What are the five reasons of why it is important to promote health?

A
  1. Mortality
  2. Morbidity
  3. Medical cost of disability
  4. Lost years of income
  5. Quality of life
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8
Q

How has life expectancy changed from 2018-2020?

A

Decreased from 78.5 to 77.28

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9
Q

Why has life expectancy decreased since 2018?

A
  • Drug overdose
  • Suicide
  • Cirrhosis related deaths due to genetics, alcohol, and obesity
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10
Q

What is the role of the PT in health promotion?

A
  • Prevention
  • Promotion of health, wellness, and fitness
  • Screening
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11
Q

What is primary prevention?

A

Preventing a target condition in a susceptible population or potentially susceptible population through such specific measures as general health promotion efforts

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12
Q

What is secondary prevention?

A

Decreasing duration of illness, severity of disease, and number of sequelae through early diagnosis and prompt intervention

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13
Q

What is tertiary prevention?

A

Limiting the degree of disability and promoting rehabilitation and restoration of function in patients with chronic and irreversible diseases

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14
Q

What are the three determinants of health according to the WHO?

A
  1. Social and economic environment
  2. Physical environment
  3. Individual characteristics and behaviors
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15
Q

What are contextual factors the influence the determinants of health?

A

Income and social status, education, physical environment, employment and working conditions, social support networks, culture, genetics, personal behavior and coping skills, health services, gender

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16
Q

What are health behaviors, and what are the two types?

A

Actions that affect health or mortality, can either be intentional or unintentional

17
Q

At what level are health behaviors measured at?

A

Individual, group, population

18
Q

What is a wellness behavior?

A

Individuals become more active, curious, and socially engages, and ultimately healthier and more resilient

19
Q

What is an illness behavior?

A

In individual defines their state of health and discover a remedy by seeking medical treatment

20
Q

What are social determinants of health?

A

Non-medical factors affecting healing, including socioeconomic status and geographic location

21
Q

What are conditions that impact social determinants of health?

A

Where you are born, grow up, work, live, age

22
Q

What are the six components of the Health Behavior/Belief Model?

A
  1. Perceived susceptibility
  2. Perceived severity
  3. Perceived benefit
  4. Perceived barriers
  5. Cues to action
  6. Self-efficacy
23
Q

What model is displayed in the diagram?

A

Health Behavior/Belief Model

24
Q

What is an internal locus of control?

A

Choices, personal action, and decisions have a direct bearing on health

25
What is an external locus of control?
Other factors are responsible for my health status
26
What is chance related to locus of control?
Controlled by fate, luck, or chance
27
What is Social Cognitive Theory?
Human behavior is the product of the dynamic interplay of the person, the behavior, and the environment
28
What does Social Cognitive Theory assess?
-Cognitive and emotional aspects of behavior for understanding behavioral change - How patient acquire and continue with behavioral patterns
29
What is the Transtheoretical Model?
Stages of intentional change that focuses on decision making process
30
What are the 5 Stages of Change according to the Transtheoretical Model?
1. Precontemplation 2. Contemplation 3. Preparation 4. Action 5. Maintenance
31
What is the precontemplation stage?
No intention to change
32
What is the contemplation stage?
Intending to change in the near future
33
What is the preparation stage?
Making a plan to change behavior
34
What is the action stage?
Implementing plan to change a behavior
35
What is the maintenance stage?
Continuation of behavior
36
What is the Socioeconomic Model?
Examines social, economic, and climate policies that impact health behaviors
37
What does the Socioeconomic Model explain?
How a person's SES, living, and aging conditions can impact their health behaviors
38
What does the Socioeconomic Model consider?
- Environment - Social environment - Stress - Perceptions