2: Chem Context Of Life

Question 1

Electron shells

Answer 1

An energy level of electrons at a characteristic average distance from the nucleus of an atom

Question 2

Energy

Answer 2

Capacity to case change

Question 3

Potential energy

Answer 3

The energy that matter possesses because of its location or structure

Question 4

Valence electrons

Answer 4

Electrons on the outermost shell, chemical behavior of an atom depends on this

Question 5

Valence shell

Answer 5

Outermost electron she’ll

Question 6

Molecule

Answer 6

Two or more atoms held together by covalent bonds

Question 7

Reduction

Answer 7

Complete/partial addition of electrons to a substance involved in a redox reaction

Question 8

Oxidation

Answer 8

Complete/partial loss of electrons from a substance involved in a redox reaction

Question 9

Covalent bond

Answer 9

A type of strong bond in which two atoms share one or more pairs of valence electrons

Question 10

Single covalent bond

Answer 10

Sharing of a pair of valence electrons by two atoms

Question 11

Double covalent bond

Answer 11

Sharing of two pairs of valence electrons by two atoms

Question 12

Electronegativity

Answer 12

Attraction of a given atom for the electrons of a covalent bond

Question 13

Polar covalent bond

Answer 13

Bond between atoms that differ in Electronegativity. The shared electrons are pulled closer to the electronegative atom, making it slightly negative and the other atom slightly positive

Question 14

Nonpolar covalent bond

Answer 14

A bond where electrons are shared equally between two atoms of similar Electronegativity

Question 15

Ionic bond

Answer 15

A chemical bond resulting from the attraction between oppositely charged ions

Question 16

Ion

Answer 16

An atom/group of atoms that’s gained/lost one or more electrons, thus acquiring a charge

Question 17

Cation

Answer 17

A positively charged ion

Question 18

Anion

Answer 18

A negatively charged ion

Question 19

Hydrogen bond

Answer 19

A weak chemical bond that’s formed when the slightly + H atom of polar covalent bond in 1 molecule is attracted to a slight - atom of a polar covalent bond in another molecule (or another region of same molecule)

Question 20

Van der waals interactions

Answer 20

Weak attractions between molecules (or parts of molecules) that result from a transient local partial exchange

Question 21

Reactant

Answer 21

A starting material in a chemical reaction

Question 22

Products

Answer 22

A material resulting from a chemical reaction