2 Bonding and struc

Question 1

Giant structures

Answer 1

crystal structures in which all atoms or ions are linked by a network of strong bonding extending throughout the crystal

Question 2

simple molecular structures

Answer 2

groups of atoms held together by strong covalent bonding within molecules but with weak intermolecular forces

Question 3

intermolecular forces

Answer 3

weak attractive forces between molecules

Question 4

ionic bonding

Answer 4

strong electrostatic forces of attraction between oppositely charged ions

Question 5

lattice

Answer 5

regular 3d arrangement of atoms or ions in a crystal

Question 6

electrolysis

Answer 6

decomposition of a compound via electricity

Question 7

electrolyte

Answer 7

the compound being decomposed in electrolysis

Question 8

covalent bond

Answer 8

strong electrostatic forces of attraction between two nuclei and a shared pair of electrons.

Question 9

A lone electron pair

Answer 9

a pair of electrons in the outer shell which is not involved in bonding

Question 10

dative covalent bond

Answer 10

strong electrostatic forces of attraction between two nuclei and a shared pair of electrons, in which both electrons are donated by the same atom.

Question 11

bond energy

Answer 11

energy required to break one mole of the bonds in a substance in a gaseous state.

Question 12

isoelectronic

Answer 12

molecules or ions with exactly the same arrangement of electrons

Question 13

polar covalent bonds

Answer 13

when the shared electrons are drawn more to the atom with a stronger nuclear pull.

Question 14

Electronegativity

Answer 14

the ability of atom to attract a shared pair of electrons in a covalent bond.

Question 15

polar molecules

Answer 15

contains polar bonds which dont cancel out, so the molecule overall is polar

Question 16

intermolecular forces

Answer 16

weak attractive forces between molecules

Question 17

polarisabilty

Answer 17

the ability of a cation to distort an anions electron cloud

Question 18

solubility

Answer 18

a measure of the concentration of a saturated solution of a solute at a specified temperature. Solubilities are commonly recorded as mol per 100g water at 298k

Question 19

non aqueous solvent

Answer 19

any solvent but water

Question 20

Miscible liquids

Answer 20

liquids which mix with each other

Question 21

allotropes

Answer 21

Different forms of the same element in the same physical state.

Question 22

composites

Answer 22

combining two or more materials to make a new material which has desirable properties from both consituents.

Question 23

delocalised electrons

Answer 23

bonding electrons which are not fixed in a bond between two atoms. they are free to move.

Question 24

metallic bonding

Answer 24

strong electrostatic forces of attraction between metal ions and a sea of delocalised electrons.