2 b Cell structure

Question 1

What is the cell separated by from the surrounding

Answer 1

Cell membrane

Question 2

What fills the cell other than organelles

Answer 2

Cytoplasm

Question 3

Name 3 organelles plants have that animals dont

Answer 3

-Cell wall
-Chloroplast
-Permanent vacuole

Question 4

Name 3 organelles that eukaryotes have

Answer 4

-Nucleus
-Mitochondria
-Ribosomes

Question 5

What is the function of nucleus

Answer 5

-Contains genetic material
-Controls cell division

Question 6

What is the function of cytoplasm

Answer 6

-Supports cell structures
-Site of many chemical reactions
-Contains water and many solutes

Question 7

What is the function of cell membrane

Answer 7

-Holds the cell together
-Controls substances entering and leaving the cell

Question 8

What is the function of cell wall

Answer 8

-Gives the cell extra support and defines its shape

Question 9

What is the function of chloroplast

Answer 9

-Provides photosynthesis
-Absorbs light energy

Question 10

What is the function of vacuole

Answer 10

-Contains cell sap
-Used for storage of certain material
-Helps support the shape of the cell

Question 11

What is the function of mitochondria

Answer 11

-Site of aerobic respiration, providing energy
-High rates of metabolism have more mitochondria

Question 12

What is the function of ribosomes

Answer 12

-Site of protein production in protein synthesis

Question 13

What is the function of vesicles

Answer 13

-Used for safe transport of substances from one part of the cell to another

Question 14

What are cell walls made of

Answer 14

Cellulose

Question 15

What is the function of permanent vacuole

Answer 15

-Pushes the cytoplasm against the cell wall, keeping it turgid

Question 16

What happens to the cells when an organism develops

Answer 16

They differentiate to form specialised cells

Question 17

What are the adult stem cells

Answer 17

Cells that dont lose the ability to differentiate

Question 18

What are specialised cells

Answer 18

Cells that developed certain characteristics to perform particular functions

Question 19

What are the sources of adult stem cells

Answer 19

-Bone marrow
-Skin
-Organs
-Umbilical cord blood

Question 20

Whats the source of meristem cells

Answer 20

Tips of roots

Question 21

Whats the source of embryonic stem cells

Answer 21

Inside layer of an embryo

Question 22

What stem cells form all of different tissues

Answer 22

Embryonic stem cells

Question 23

Whats the role of adult stem cells

Answer 23

Replacing cell that were lost through damage or to produce new cells for growth

Question 24

How can embryonic stem cells be used in medicine

Answer 24

For curing diseases (diabetes, paralysis)

Question 25

Benefits of using stem cells in medicine

Answer 25

-Potential of curing a variety of diseases
-Organs developed from the patients stem cells are more likely to not be rejected from the body
-They’re faster than finding a donor
-They’re already being used

Question 26

Risks/issues of using stem cells

Answer 26

-Stem cells in the lab could become infected and transmitted to the patient
-Can develop cancer
-Low number of cell donors

Question 27

Social issues of using stem cells

Answer 27

-Stem cells can be collected from the umbilical cord blood but it can be expensive
-Lack of clinical evidence of success of the treatment
-Education of society what stem cells could(Not) be used for

Question 28

Ethical issues of using stem cells

Answer 28

-They can come from unused embryos produces in IVF treatment. Who gives permission?
-Is it right to create embryos and then destroy them. Who owns the embryo?
-Should an embryo be treated as a person with human rights or as commodity?