#2 Atoms, Ions And Compounds Flashcards
What are the two types of subatomic particles in the nucleus?
Protons and neutrons.
Where do electrons occupy in an atom?
Electrons occupy the region outside of the nucleus, arranged in shells.
How are the masses of subatomic particles compared?
Subatomic particles have such tiny masses that relative masses are compared.
What is the relative charge of a proton?
+
What is the relative charge of a neutron?
0
What is the relative charge of an electron?
-
What is the relative mass of a proton?
1
What is the relative mass of a neutron?
1
What is the relative mass of an electron?
1/1836
What is the atomic number?
Also known as the proton number.
What does every atom of the same element contain?
The same number of protons.
What distinguishes different elements?
numbers of protons.
How are elements listed in the periodic table?
In order of the number of protons, which is the same as the atomic number.
What are isotopes?
Atoms of the same element with different numbers of neutrons and different masses and same number of protons
What can vary in atoms of the same element?
The number of neutrons.
What leads to different masses in isotopes?
Differing numbers of neutrons.
What is true about most elements in terms of isotopes?
Most elements are a mixture of isotopes.
What do isotopes of the same element have in common?
The same number of electrons, so they react in the same way.
How does the number of neutrons affect the reactions of an element?
The varying number of neutrons has no effect on reactions of an element.
Do physical properties of isotopes vary?
Yes, e.g., melting and boiling points.
What are ions?
Charged atoms/lost or gained electrons
What are positive ions called and how do they form?
Positive ions, or cations, have fewer electrons which gives them a positive charge.
What are negative ions called and how do they form?
Negative ions, or anions, have more electrons which gives them a negative charge.
How are ions represented?
Ions are shown with their overall relative charge.
