2-Antibiotics Flashcards
What should you always consider before starting abx?
- most likely infecting organism?
- gram stain and C&S?
- allergies?
- kidney function
- drug interactions
what is Augmentin?
amoxicillin/clavulanic acid
what is Zosyn?
piperacillin/tazobactam
what is Unasyn?
ampicillin/sulbactam
what is Timentin?
ticarcillin/clavulanic acid
what is Zyvox?
linezolid
what is Invanz?
ertapenem
what is Cubicin?
daptomycin
what is Tygacil?
tigecycline
what is Bactrim?
TMP/SMX
what is Rocephin?
Ceftriaxone
what is Avelox?
moxifloxacin
what is Zithromax?
azithromycin
what is Primaxim?
imipenem/cilastatin
what is Synercid?
dalfopristin-quinipristin
what is Cleocin?
clindamycin
what is Flagyl?
metronidazole
what is the dosage for Augmentin?
(amoxicillin/clavulanic acid)
500mg or 875mg PO BID
how much clavulanic acid is in Augmentin 500mg? 875mg?
both have 125mg
what is the indication for Augmentin?
PO abx for outpatient tx of polymicrobial infection
what is the spectrum of activity of Augmentin?
Staph (not MRSA), Strep, Enterecocci, Gram (-), anaerobes
but NOT pseudomonas aeruginosa
what is the dosage for Zosyn?
(piperacillin/tazobactam)
- 375g IV q6h
* renal dose- 2.25g IV q6h
what is the indication for Zosyn?
approved for use in adults for the treatment of moderate to severe diabetic foot infections
what is the spectrum of coverage for Zosyn?
Staph (not MRSA), Strep, Enterococci, Gram (-), anaerobes,
YES to pseudomonas
what is the dosage for Unasyn?
(ampicillin/sulbactam)
3.0g IV q6h
renal dose- 1.5g IV q6h
what is the indication for Unasyn?
empiric therapy for polymicrobial diabetic foot infections
what is the spectrum of activity of Unasyn?
Staph (not MRSA), Strep, Enterococci, Gram (-), anaerobes,
NO pseudomonas
what is an alternative abx for a patient with a penicillin allergy if you originally wanted to use Unasyn?
Clindamycin/Cipro
Levaquin
etc.
What is the dosage for Timentin?
(ticarcillin/clavulanic acid)
3.1g IV q4-6hr
what is the indication for Timentin?
broad spectrum abx for polymicrobial infections
what is the spectrum of activity for Timentin?
Staph (not MRSA), Strep, Gram (-), anaerobes
YES for pseudomonas
what side effect should you watch for with Timentin?
increased Na+ load
what concern is there of a patient on both penicillins and probenecid?
probenecid will increase duration of serum levels of PCN and most cephalosporins
how are penicillins excreted?
all are renally cleared except piperacillin, mezlocillin, azlocillin
what are the IV alternatives for PCN allergic patients?
clindamycin, vancomycin, Levaquin, Bactrim
which penicillins cover pseudomonas?
(4th and 5th gen)
piperacillin, Zosyn
ticarcillin, Timentin
carbenicillin, mezlocillin, azlocillin
What is the percentage of cross-reactivity of cephalosporins and PCNs?
1-10%
How do you treat serious hospital acquired Gram (-) infections?
3rd gen ceph, aminoglycosides (i.e. Rocephin, gentamycin)
