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D1 Anatomy > 2 > Flashcards

2 Flashcards

1
Q

5 Layers of Scalp

A

Skin, Dense SubQ CT, Galea Aponeurotica, Loose Areolar Tissue, Periosteum

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2
Q

Anterior origin of Superior Sagittal Sinus

A

Receives vein of the Foramen Cecum

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3
Q

Contents of Foramen Cecum

A

Emissary Vein from Nose to Superior Sagittal Sinus

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4
Q

From what do the Superior and Inferior Petrosal Sinuses drain?

A

Cavernous Sinuses

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5
Q

Intersection b/t Coronal and Sagittal Sutures

A

Bregma

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6
Q

Location of Trigeminal Ganglia

A

Apex of Petrous Part of Temporal Bone against base of Cavernous Sinuses

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7
Q

Posterior Termination of Inferior Sagittal Sinus

A

Straight Sinus into Confluence of Sinuses

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8
Q

Structures in Lumen of Cavernous Sinus

A

Internal Carotid Artery and Abducens N

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9
Q

Termination of Inferior Petrosal Sinus

A

Jugular Bulb

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10
Q

Termination of Sigmoid sinuses

A

Jugular Bulbs

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11
Q

Termination of Superior Petrosal Sinus

A

Junction of Transverse and Sigmoid Sinus

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12
Q

Termination of Transverse sinuses

A

Sigmoid Sinuses at base of Petrous Part of Temporal Bone

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13
Q

What drains into Confluence of Sinuses

A

Superior Sagittal, Straight, and Occipital Sinsues

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14
Q

Which 2 layers of Scalp allow separation and movement?

A

Loose Areaolar Tissue Layer and Muscular Tissue of Galea Aponeurotica

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15
Q

Which layer of scalp contains the vessels and nerves?

A

Dense SubQ CT Layer

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16
Q

4 Strap Muscles

A

Superficial: Sternohyoid and Omohyoid; Deep: Sternothyroid and Thyrohyoid

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17
Q

4 Subdivisions of Deep Cervical Fascia

A

Investing, Prevertebral, Pretracheal (visceral), Carotid Sheath

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18
Q

Action of Anterior Digastric Muscle

A

Lowers Mandible or Raises Hyoid

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19
Q

Action of Omohyoid

A

Depresses and Fix Hyoid

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20
Q

Action of Posterior Digastric Muscle

A

Elevates & Retracts Hyoid

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21
Q

Action of Sternohyoid

A

Depresses Hyoid

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22
Q

Action of Sternothyroid

A

Depresses the Larynx

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23
Q

Action of Thyrohyoid

A

Depresses Hyoid or Raises Larynx

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24
Q

Action of Trapezius

A

Moves shoulder girdle

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25
Q

Actions of Sternocleidomastoid

A

Rotate Head Opposite Contracted Side, Laterally Flexes the Neck to the Contracted Side, Bilaterally Flexes the Neck

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26
Q

At what level do the Lingual and Facial A’s leave Ext Carotid A

A

Hyoid Bone

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27
Q

Beginning of Internal Jugular Vein?

A

Jugular Bulb in Jugular Foramen at base of skull

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28
Q

Borders of Carotid Triangle

A

Omohyoid, Posterior belly of Digastric M., Anterior border of Sternocleidomastoid M

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29
Q

Borders of Muscular Triangle

A

Omohyoid, Anterior border of Sterncleidomastoid M., Anterior midline of neck

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30
Q

Branches of Internal Carotid A in neck?

A

None

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31
Q

Carotid Sheath

A

Fascial covering of the common and internal carotid arteries, internal jugular vein, and vagus nerve

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32
Q

Contents of Muscular Triangle of Anterior Triangle

A

Infrahyoid (Strap) Muscles, Thyroid and Parathyroid Glands

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33
Q

Cutaneous innervation of Anterolateral Neck (4)

A

Great Auricular, Transverse Cervical, Supraclavicular, Lesser Occipital

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34
Q

Cutaneous innervation of posterior aspect of neck

A

Dorsal Rami of Upper Cervical Nn

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35
Q

Deep Strap Muscles

A

Sternothyroid and Thyrohyoid

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36
Q

First 5 branches of Ext Carotid A (in Carotid Triangle)

A

Superior Thyroid, Lingual, Facial, Occipital, Ascending Pharyngeal

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37
Q

First branch (usually) of Ext Carotid A

A

Superior Thyroid A, just superior to level of Carotid Bifurcation

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38
Q

How does Ext Carotid A exit Carotid Triangle?

A

Ascends deep to Posterior Belly of Digastric M to enter Retromandibular region

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39
Q

Innervation of Ansa Cervalis

A

Omohyoid, Sternohyoid, and Sternothyroid muscles

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40
Q

Innervation of Anterior Digastric Muscle

A

Mylohyoid N.

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41
Q

Innervation of Omohyoid

A

C1-C3 via Ansa Cervalis

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42
Q

Innervation of Posterior Digastric Muscle

A

CN VII

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43
Q

Innervation of Sternocleidomastoid

A

CN XI

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44
Q

Innervation of Sternohyoid

A

C1-C3 via Ansa Cervalis

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45
Q

Innervation of Sternothyroid

A

C1-C3 via Ansa Cervalis

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46
Q

Innervation of Thyrohyoid

A

C1 branch traveling w/ CN XII

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47
Q

Innervation of Trapezius

A

Subtrapezial N Plexus

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48
Q

Insertion of Digastric Muscle

A

Digastric Tendon of Hyoid bone

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49
Q

Insertion of Omohyoid

A

Hyoid Bone

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50
Q

Insertion of Sternocleidomastoid

A

Lateral Aspect of Mastoid Process (Temporal Bone)

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51
Q

Insertion of Sternohyoid

A

Hyoid Bone

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52
Q

Insertion of Sternothyroid

A

Oblique Line of Thyroid Cartilage

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53
Q

Insertion of Thyrohyoid

A

Hyoid Bone

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54
Q

Insertion of Trapezius

A

Clavicle, Acromion, Scapular Spine

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55
Q

Lateral Relation to Thyroid Gland

A

Carotid Sheath

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56
Q

Level of Cricoid Cartilage

A

C6

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57
Q

Level of Hyoid Bone

A

C3

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58
Q

Level of Thyroid Cartilage

A

C4-C5

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59
Q

Major Contents of Carotid Triangle

A

External Carotid and branches, Internal Jugular Vein, Vagus and Hypoglossial CN’s, Carotid Sheath

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60
Q

Major cutaneous branches of cervical plexus that enter skin at midpoint of posterior edge of Sternocleidomastoid

A

Lesser Occipital, Great Auricular, Transverse Cervical, Supraclavicular

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61
Q

Medial Relation to Thyroid Gland

A

Trachea and Recurrent Laryngeal Nerves

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62
Q

Muscle parallel to Posterior Belly of Digastric M.

A

Stylohyoid M.

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63
Q

Nerve that runs b/t Sternocleidomastoid musc and Ext Jug Vein

A

Transverse Cervical

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64
Q

Origin of Anterior Digastric Muscle

A

Digastric Fossa of Mandible

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65
Q

Origin of Ascending Pharyngeal A?

A

Ext Carotid Artery

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66
Q

Origin of External Jugular Vein

A

Confluence of Retromandibular and Posterior Auricular Veins in Parotid Gland (posterior to angle of the mandible)

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67
Q

Origin of Lingual and Facial A’s?

A

Ext Carotid A at Hyoid Bone

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68
Q

Origin of Occipital Artery?

A

External Carotid Artery

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69
Q

Origin of Omohyoid

A

Medial Margin of Suprascapular Notch

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70
Q

Origin of Posterior Digastric Muscle

A

Mastoid Process

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71
Q

Origin of Sternocleidomastoid

A

Manubrium, Medial 1/3 of Clavicle

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72
Q

Origin of Sternohyoid

A

Manubrium

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73
Q

Origin of Sternothyroid

A

Manubrium

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74
Q

Origin of Superior Laryngeal A?

A

Superior Thyroid Artery

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75
Q

Origin of Superior Thyroid A

A

Ext Carotid just superior to Carotid Bifurcation

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76
Q

Origin of Superior Thyroid Artery

A

External Carotid Artery

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77
Q

Origin of Thyrohyoid

A

Oblique Line of Thyroid Cartilage

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78
Q

Origin of Trapezius

A

Ext Occipital Protuberance, C1-T12 Spinous Processes

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79
Q

Relation of External Jugular Vein to Great Auricular Nerve

A

Parallel and Immediately Anterior

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80
Q

Significant branch from Superior Thyroid A?

A

Superior Laryngeal A.

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81
Q

Superficial Strap Muscles

A

Sternohyoid and Omohyoid

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82
Q

Superior Border of Carotid Triangle

A

Posterior Belly of Digastric M.

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83
Q

Termination of Anterior Jugular Veins

A

External Jugular Vein through communicating veins that course deep to Sternocleidomastoid

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84
Q

Termination of Inferior Thyroid Vein

A

Brachiocephalic Vein

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85
Q

Termination of Superior and Middle Thyroid Veins

A

Internal Jugular Vein

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86
Q

Three Major Triangles of Anterior Triangle

A

Muscular, Carotid, Submandibular (also a small submental)

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87
Q

Triangle containing the Ansa Cervalis

A

Carotid

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88
Q

Two arteries to Thyroid Gland

A

Superior Thyroid from External Carotid, Inferior Thyroid from Thyrocervical?

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89
Q

Vein on External Surface of Sternocleidomastoid muscle

A

External Jugular Vein

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90
Q

What divides anteromedial to the Sternocleidomastoid muscle at the level of the superior margion of the thyroid cartilage?

A

Common Carotid into Internal and External

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91
Q

What loops inferior to the Occipital A near its origin?

A

Hypoglossal N.

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92
Q

What nerve courses with the Superior Thyroid A deep to strap muscles?

A

External Branch of Superior Laryngeal N.

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93
Q

Where do C1 and C2 nerves branch divert from Hypoglossal to become Superior Root?

A

Deep to Posterior Digastric M. (only fibers from C1 ventral ramus contribute to Superior Root)

94
Q

Where does Hypoglossal N. cross lateral surface of Ext. Carotid A?

A

Origin of Lingual A from Ext Carotid A (b/t Ext Carotid A and Int Jugular V)

95
Q

Where does Internal Carotid A enter Cranial Cavity?

A

Carotid Canal

96
Q

Where does the Common Carotid A bifurcate?

A

Superior border of Thyroid Cartilage

97
Q

With what artery does the External Branch of the Superior Laryngeal N course?

A

Superior Thyroid A

98
Q

With what nerve do C1 and C2 nerves run for a short distance?

A

Hypoglossal Nerve

99
Q

3 Branches from First Part of Subclavian A

A

Vertebral, Thyrocervical Trunk, Internal Thoracic

100
Q

6 Components of Cervical Plexus

A

(1) 4 Cutaneous Nn; (2) Ansa Cervicalis; (3) Phrenic N. (4) Cervical contributions to Accessory N.; (5) Direct Motor Branches; (6) Gray Rami

101
Q

B/t what 2 muscles does the Subclavian A pass superior to Clavicle

A

Anterior and Middle Scalene

102
Q

B/t what muscles is the origin of the Brachial Plexus?

A

Ant and Mid Scalane

103
Q

Branch from Second part of Subclavian A

A

Costocervical Trunk

104
Q

Branch from Third Part of Subclavian A

A

Dorsal Scapula A

105
Q

Floor of Posterior Triangle

A

Middle and Posterior Scalene, Levator Scapulae, Splenius Mm

106
Q

How does Phrenic N enter Thorax?

A

Passes b/t Subclavian A and V

107
Q

How does Vertebral A enter Cranium?

A

Foramen Magnum

108
Q

Innervation of Accessory N

A

Trapezius and SCM

109
Q

Insertion of Anterior Scalene m

A

First Rib

110
Q

Insertion of Middle Scalene M

A

First Rib

111
Q

Insertion of Posterior Scalene M

A

Second Rib

112
Q

Notable branch of Inferior Thyroid A

A

Ascending Cervical Branch to Deep Muscles of Neck

113
Q

Only tributary to Subclavian V

A

External Jugular V

114
Q

Origin of Ant, Mid, and Post Scalene Mm

A

Transverse processes of Cervical Vertebrae

115
Q

Origin of Ascending Cervical A

A

Inferior Thyroid A (Thyrocervical Trunk)

116
Q

Origin of Costocervical Trunk

A

Second part of Subclavian A

117
Q

Origin of Dorsal Scapular A

A

Third Part of Subclavian (Often from Transverse Cervical)

118
Q

Origin of Supraclavicular Cutaneous Nn

A

Ventral Rami of C3,4

119
Q

Origin of Suprascapular A

A

Thyrocervical Trunk

120
Q

Primary Origin of Phrenic N.

A

C4 (C3-5)

121
Q

Relationship of Transverse Cervical and Suprascapula A to Phrenic N

A

Arteries are Ventral

122
Q

Termination of Costocervical Trunk

A

Passes over Apex of Lung, divides into Supreme Intercostal and Deep Cervical

123
Q

Three Branches of Thyrocervical Trunk?

A

Inferior Thyroid, Suprascapular, Transverse Cervical

124
Q

To what muscle is the Anterior Scalene located deep?

A

Sternocleidomastoid

125
Q

Vertical gap b/t Ant and Mid Scalene Mm

A

Scalene Triangle/Interval

126
Q

Vessels in Fascia deep to Subclavius M

A

Subclavian A and V

127
Q

What demarcates the second part of the Subclavian A

A

Posterior to Anterior Scalene Muscle

128
Q

Where does Vertebral A enter spinal column?

A

Sixth Cervical Vertebra

129
Q

What provides sensory innervation to the mucosa of the Piriform Recesses and Laryngeal Inlet (cough)

A

Internal Laryngeal N

130
Q

What N lies on posterior surface of Stylopharyngeus M

A

Glossopharyngeal

131
Q

What layer is b/t Pharyngobasilar Fascia and Buccopharyngeal Fascia?

A

Constrictor and Longitudinal Mm

132
Q

What is lateral to each Aryepiglottic Fold

A

Piriform Recesses

133
Q

What is in fascia on lateral and posterior aspects of Pharynx?

A

Int Carotid A, Ascending Pharyngeal A, Int Jugular V, Cervical Sympathetic Trunk; Last 4 Cranial Nn

134
Q

What is conducted thru gap b/t Superior and Middle Constricotr Mm

A

Stylopharyngeus M and Glossopharyngeal N

135
Q

What is b/t Buccopharyngeal Fascia and Prevertebral Fascia

A

Retropharyngeal Space

136
Q

What gap does the Stylopharygneus M pass thru?

A

B/t Superior and Middle Constrictor M

137
Q

What courses through gap b/t Middle and Inferior Constrictor Mm

A

Superior Laryngeal A and Internal Laryngeal N

138
Q

What contributes to the Pharyngeal Plexus

A

Vagus, Glossopharyngeal, Sympathetic Trunk

139
Q

What connects the base of the tongue with the Epiglottis

A

Median and Lateral Glossoepiglottic Folds

140
Q

Thick, Submucosal fascia of Pharynx

A

Pharyngobasilar Fascia

141
Q

The Glossopharyngeal N can be founding on posterior surface of what muscle?

A

Stylopharyngeus M

142
Q

Termination of Superior Laryngeal N

A

Enters Carotid Triangle and divides into Internal and External Laryngeal Nn

143
Q

Superior Attachment of Pharyngeal Raphe

A

Pharyngeal Tubercle

144
Q

Relation of Accessory N to Int Jugular V

A

N is lateral to V

145
Q

Posterior Midline Insertion of Pharyngeal Constrictor Mm

A

Pharyngeal Raphe

146
Q

Position of Vagus N in Carotid Sheath

A

B/t Internal Jugular V and Internal Carotid A

147
Q

Part of Pharynx b/t soft palate and base of tongue and hyoid bone

A

Oropharynx

148
Q

Part of Pharynx b/t skull and soft palate

A

Nasopharynx

149
Q

Part of Pharynx b/t Hyoid bone and Cricoid Cartilage

A

Laryngopharynx

150
Q

Origin of Superior Pharyngeal Constrictor

A

Lower posterior border of medial Pterygoid Plate; Hamulus; Mylohyoid Line of Mandible; Intervening Pteryogomandibular Raphe

151
Q

Origin of Superior Laryngeal N

A

Vagus N on posterior surface of Pharynx, just below Jugular Foramen

152
Q

Origin of Stylopharyngeus

A

Styloid Process

153
Q

Origin of Salpingopharyngeus

A

Inferomedial end of Auditory Tube

154
Q

Origin of Palatopharyngeus

A

Posterior margin of hard palate, Palantine Aponeurosis

155
Q

Origin of Middle Pharyngeal Constrictor

A

Lesser and Greater Horns of Hyoid; Lower portion of Stylohyoid Ligament

156
Q

Origin of Internal and External Laryngeal Nn

A

Vagus N in Carotid Triangle

157
Q

Origin of Inferior Pharyngeal Constrictor

A

Oblique Line of Thyroid Cartilage; Cricoid Cartilage; and Tendinous Arch b/t them

158
Q

On what muscle does the Pharyngeal Plexus lie?

A

Middle Pharyngeal Constrictor M

159
Q

Level of Superior Cervical Ganglion

A

C2

160
Q

Insertion of Stylopharyngeus

A

Superior Border and Superior Horn of Thyroid Cartilage; Lateral Pharyngeal Wall

161
Q

Insertion of Salpingopharyngeus

A

Blends w/ Palatopharyngeus in Lateral Pharyngeal Wall

162
Q

Insertion of Pharyngeal Constrictor Mm

A

Pharyngeal Raphe

163
Q

Insertion of Palatopharyngeus

A

Posterior Border of Thyroid Cartilage and Lateral Wall of Pharynx

164
Q

Innervation Palatopharyngeus

A

CN X - Pharygneal Branches

165
Q

Innervation of Stylopharyngeus

A

CN IX - Pharyngeal Branches

166
Q

Innervation of Salpingopharyngeus

A

CN X - Pharygneal Branches

167
Q

Innervation of Pharyngeal Constrictor Mm

A

Vagus - Pharyngeal Branches

168
Q

Innervation of C1 fibers that travel w/ Hypoglossal?

A

Thyrohyoid and Geniohyoid

169
Q

Fascia on Posterior Surface of Pharynx

A

Buccopharyngeal Fascia

170
Q

Fascia covering gap b/t upper border of Superior Constrictor M and Base of Skull

A

Phargynobasilar Fasica

171
Q

Branch of Vagus N posterior to Pharynx just below Jugular Foramen

A

Superior Laryngeal N

172
Q

At what level is the transition of Pharynx to Esophagus?

A

C6

173
Q

Anterior openings of Pharynx

A

Nasal, Oral, and Laryngeal Cavities

174
Q

Action of Stylopharyngeus

A

Elevate Pharynx

175
Q

Action of Salpingopharyngeus

A

Elevate Pharynx

176
Q

Action of Palatopharyngeus

A

Elevate Pharynx and Close Oropharyngeal Isthmus

177
Q

4 Cranial N in Carotid Sheath at base of Skull

A

Glossopharyngeal, Vagus, Accessory, Hypoglossal

178
Q

3 Longitudinal Mm of Pharynx

A

Stylopharyngeus, Salpingopharyngeus, Palatopharyngeus

179
Q

Action of Cricothyroid

A

Stretches vocal fold; Increases pitch of voice

180
Q

Action of Lateral Cricoarytenoid

A

Adducts vocal fold; Closes airway partially or completely

181
Q

Action of Posterior Cricoarytenoid

A

Abducts vocal fold; Opens airway more to facilitate breathing

182
Q

Action of Thryoarytenoid

A

Relaxes vocal fold; Lowers pitch of voice

183
Q

Action of Transverse and Oblique Arytenoid

A

Closes intercatilaginous portion of rima glottidis; Coughing

184
Q

Action of Vocalis

A

Fine tunes tension of vocal ligament; Affects pitch of voice

185
Q

Anterolateral recess from ventricles of Larynx

A

Saccule

186
Q

Branches of Vagus found on in mucosa of Piriform Recesses

A

Inferior Laryngeal N, Internal Branch of Superior Laryngeal

187
Q

Cartilages in Aryepiglottic Folds at posterior edge of laryngeal inlet

A

Arytenoid

188
Q

Folds that form Laryngeal inlet

A

Aryepiglottic Folds

189
Q

GSA Innervation of Infraglottic Space of Larynx

A

CN X via Inferior Laryngeal N.

190
Q

GSA Innervation of Inlet of Larynx

A

CN X via Internal Branch of Superior Laryngeal N

191
Q

GSA Innervation of Ventricle and Saccule of Larynx

A

CN X via Internal Branch of Superior Laryngeal N

192
Q

GSA Innervation of Vestibule of Larynx

A

CN X via Internal Branch of Superior Laryngeal N

193
Q

Innervation of Cricothyroid

A

Ext Branch of Superior Laryngeal N

194
Q

Innervation of Laryngeal mucosa above vocal folds

A

Internal Branch of Superior Laryngeal N

195
Q

Innervation of Laryngeal mucosa below the vocal folds

A

Inferior Laryngeal N

196
Q

Innervation of Lateral Cricoarytenoid

A

Inferior Laryngeal N

197
Q

Innervation of Posterior Cricoarytenoid

A

Inferior Laryngeal N

198
Q

Innervation of Thyroarytenoid

A

Inferior Laryngeal N

199
Q

Innervation of Transverse and Oblique Arytenoid

A

Inferior Laryngeal N

200
Q

Innervation of Vocalis

A

Inferior Laryngeal N

201
Q

Insertion of Cricothyroid

A

Inferior margin and Inferior Horn of Thyroid Cartilage

202
Q

Insertion of Lateral Cricoarytenoid

A

Muscular Process of Arytenoid Cartilage

203
Q

Insertion of Posterior Cricoarytenoid

A

Muscular Process of Arytenoid Cartilage

204
Q

Insertion of Thyroarytenoid

A

Anterolateral border and vocal process of arytenoid cartilage

205
Q

Insertion of Transverse and Oblique Arytenoid

A

Opposite Arytenoid Cartilage

206
Q

Insertion of Vocalis

A

Vocal ligaments

207
Q

Lumen of Larynx inferior to Vocal Folds

A

Infraglottic Cavity

208
Q

Muscle on ventral surface of Larynx

A

Cricothyroid M

209
Q

Muscular innervation of Inferior Laryngeal N

A

All intrinsic muscles of Larynx except for the Cricothyroid M (external branch)

210
Q

N deep to lobes of Thyroid coursing on Larynx

A

Recurrent Laryngeal Nn

211
Q

Origin of Cricothyroid

A

Anterior and Lateral Aspects of Arch of Cricoid Cartilage

212
Q

Origin of Inferior Laryngeal N

A

Continuation of Recurrent Laryngeal at Cricothyroid Joint

213
Q

Origin of Lateral Cricoarytenoid

A

Superior border of arch of Cricoid Cartilage

214
Q

Origin of Posterior Cricoarytenoid

A

Posterior Surface of Lamina of Cricoid Cartilage

215
Q

Origin of Thyroarytenoid

A

Posterior Surface of Thyroid Cartilage at Midline Angle

216
Q

Origin of Transverse and Oblique Arytenoid

A

One Arytenoid Cartilage

217
Q

Origin of Vocalis

A

Vocal processes of Arytenoid Cartilage

218
Q

Space b/t true vocal folds

A

Rima Glottidis

219
Q

Structures in Infraglottic Space of Larynx

A

Mucosa over Conus Elasticus (below true vocal folds)

220
Q

Structures in Inlet of Larynx

A

Mucosa over Epiglottis; Aryepiglottic Folds; Mucosa of Interarytenoid Notich

221
Q

Structures in Ventricle and Saccule of Larynx

A

Mucosa Lining the Ventricle; Sacculus

222
Q

Structures in Vestibule of Larynx

A

Mucosa over Quadrangular Membrane; Vestibular Fold

223
Q

Termination of Recurrent Laryngeal N

A

Becomes Inferior Laryngeal at Cricothyroid Joint

224
Q

What connects inferior border of Thyroid Cartilage to Cricoid in the anterior midline?

A

Median Cricothyroid Ligament

225
Q

What connects superior border of Thyroid Cartilage to Hyoid Bone

A

Thyrohyoid Membrane

226
Q

What forms walls of Infraglottic Cavity deep to mucosa

A

Conus Elasticus

227
Q

What is b/t the Vistibular and Vocal folds of Larynx

A

Ventricle of Larynx

228
Q

What nerve carries sensory fibers from taste buds at base of tounge and epiglottis

A

Internal Branch of Superior Laryngeal N

229
Q

What nerve supplies parasympathetic fibers to gland on the epiglottis, aryepiglottic folds, and inferior larynx

A

Internal Branch of Superior Laryngeal N

230
Q

What passes through Thyrohyoid Membrane into Larynx?

A

Superior Laryngeal N and Superior Thyroid A

D1 Anatomy (4 decks)

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