2 Flashcards
1
Q
5 Layers of Scalp
A
Skin, Dense SubQ CT, Galea Aponeurotica, Loose Areolar Tissue, Periosteum
2
Q
Anterior origin of Superior Sagittal Sinus
A
Receives vein of the Foramen Cecum
3
Q
Contents of Foramen Cecum
A
Emissary Vein from Nose to Superior Sagittal Sinus
4
Q
From what do the Superior and Inferior Petrosal Sinuses drain?
A
Cavernous Sinuses
5
Q
Intersection b/t Coronal and Sagittal Sutures
A
Bregma
6
Q
Location of Trigeminal Ganglia
A
Apex of Petrous Part of Temporal Bone against base of Cavernous Sinuses
7
Q
Posterior Termination of Inferior Sagittal Sinus
A
Straight Sinus into Confluence of Sinuses
8
Q
Structures in Lumen of Cavernous Sinus
A
Internal Carotid Artery and Abducens N
9
Q
Termination of Inferior Petrosal Sinus
A
Jugular Bulb
10
Q
Termination of Sigmoid sinuses
A
Jugular Bulbs
11
Q
Termination of Superior Petrosal Sinus
A
Junction of Transverse and Sigmoid Sinus
12
Q
Termination of Transverse sinuses
A
Sigmoid Sinuses at base of Petrous Part of Temporal Bone
13
Q
What drains into Confluence of Sinuses
A
Superior Sagittal, Straight, and Occipital Sinsues
14
Q
Which 2 layers of Scalp allow separation and movement?
A
Loose Areaolar Tissue Layer and Muscular Tissue of Galea Aponeurotica
15
Q
Which layer of scalp contains the vessels and nerves?
A
Dense SubQ CT Layer
16
Q
4 Strap Muscles
A
Superficial: Sternohyoid and Omohyoid; Deep: Sternothyroid and Thyrohyoid
17
Q
4 Subdivisions of Deep Cervical Fascia
A
Investing, Prevertebral, Pretracheal (visceral), Carotid Sheath
18
Q
Action of Anterior Digastric Muscle
A
Lowers Mandible or Raises Hyoid
19
Q
Action of Omohyoid
A
Depresses and Fix Hyoid
20
Q
Action of Posterior Digastric Muscle
A
Elevates & Retracts Hyoid
21
Q
Action of Sternohyoid
A
Depresses Hyoid
22
Q
Action of Sternothyroid
A
Depresses the Larynx
23
Q
Action of Thyrohyoid
A
Depresses Hyoid or Raises Larynx
24
Q
Action of Trapezius
A
Moves shoulder girdle
25
Actions of Sternocleidomastoid
Rotate Head Opposite Contracted Side, Laterally Flexes the Neck to the Contracted Side, Bilaterally Flexes the Neck
26
At what level do the Lingual and Facial A's leave Ext Carotid A
Hyoid Bone
27
Beginning of Internal Jugular Vein?
Jugular Bulb in Jugular Foramen at base of skull
28
Borders of Carotid Triangle
Omohyoid, Posterior belly of Digastric M., Anterior border of Sternocleidomastoid M
29
Borders of Muscular Triangle
Omohyoid, Anterior border of Sterncleidomastoid M., Anterior midline of neck
30
Branches of Internal Carotid A in neck?
None
31
Carotid Sheath
Fascial covering of the common and internal carotid arteries, internal jugular vein, and vagus nerve
32
Contents of Muscular Triangle of Anterior Triangle
Infrahyoid (Strap) Muscles, Thyroid and Parathyroid Glands
33
Cutaneous innervation of Anterolateral Neck (4)
Great Auricular, Transverse Cervical, Supraclavicular, Lesser Occipital
34
Cutaneous innervation of posterior aspect of neck
Dorsal Rami of Upper Cervical Nn
35
Deep Strap Muscles
Sternothyroid and Thyrohyoid
36
First 5 branches of Ext Carotid A (in Carotid Triangle)
Superior Thyroid, Lingual, Facial, Occipital, Ascending Pharyngeal
37
First branch (usually) of Ext Carotid A
Superior Thyroid A, just superior to level of Carotid Bifurcation
38
How does Ext Carotid A exit Carotid Triangle?
Ascends deep to Posterior Belly of Digastric M to enter Retromandibular region
39
Innervation of Ansa Cervalis
Omohyoid, Sternohyoid, and Sternothyroid muscles
40
Innervation of Anterior Digastric Muscle
Mylohyoid N.
41
Innervation of Omohyoid
C1-C3 via Ansa Cervalis
42
Innervation of Posterior Digastric Muscle
CN VII
43
Innervation of Sternocleidomastoid
CN XI
44
Innervation of Sternohyoid
C1-C3 via Ansa Cervalis
45
Innervation of Sternothyroid
C1-C3 via Ansa Cervalis
46
Innervation of Thyrohyoid
C1 branch traveling w/ CN XII
47
Innervation of Trapezius
Subtrapezial N Plexus
48
Insertion of Digastric Muscle
Digastric Tendon of Hyoid bone
49
Insertion of Omohyoid
Hyoid Bone
50
Insertion of Sternocleidomastoid
Lateral Aspect of Mastoid Process (Temporal Bone)
51
Insertion of Sternohyoid
Hyoid Bone
52
Insertion of Sternothyroid
Oblique Line of Thyroid Cartilage
53
Insertion of Thyrohyoid
Hyoid Bone
54
Insertion of Trapezius
Clavicle, Acromion, Scapular Spine
55
Lateral Relation to Thyroid Gland
Carotid Sheath
56
Level of Cricoid Cartilage
C6
57
Level of Hyoid Bone
C3
58
Level of Thyroid Cartilage
C4-C5
59
Major Contents of Carotid Triangle
External Carotid and branches, Internal Jugular Vein, Vagus and Hypoglossial CN's, Carotid Sheath
60
Major cutaneous branches of cervical plexus that enter skin at midpoint of posterior edge of Sternocleidomastoid
Lesser Occipital, Great Auricular, Transverse Cervical, Supraclavicular
61
Medial Relation to Thyroid Gland
Trachea and Recurrent Laryngeal Nerves
62
Muscle parallel to Posterior Belly of Digastric M.
Stylohyoid M.
63
Nerve that runs b/t Sternocleidomastoid musc and Ext Jug Vein
Transverse Cervical
64
Origin of Anterior Digastric Muscle
Digastric Fossa of Mandible
65
Origin of Ascending Pharyngeal A?
Ext Carotid Artery
66
Origin of External Jugular Vein
Confluence of Retromandibular and Posterior Auricular Veins in Parotid Gland (posterior to angle of the mandible)
67
Origin of Lingual and Facial A's?
Ext Carotid A at Hyoid Bone
68
Origin of Occipital Artery?
External Carotid Artery
69
Origin of Omohyoid
Medial Margin of Suprascapular Notch
70
Origin of Posterior Digastric Muscle
Mastoid Process
71
Origin of Sternocleidomastoid
Manubrium, Medial 1/3 of Clavicle
72
Origin of Sternohyoid
Manubrium
73
Origin of Sternothyroid
Manubrium
74
Origin of Superior Laryngeal A?
Superior Thyroid Artery
75
Origin of Superior Thyroid A
Ext Carotid just superior to Carotid Bifurcation
76
Origin of Superior Thyroid Artery
External Carotid Artery
77
Origin of Thyrohyoid
Oblique Line of Thyroid Cartilage
78
Origin of Trapezius
Ext Occipital Protuberance, C1-T12 Spinous Processes
79
Relation of External Jugular Vein to Great Auricular Nerve
Parallel and Immediately Anterior
80
Significant branch from Superior Thyroid A?
Superior Laryngeal A.
81
Superficial Strap Muscles
Sternohyoid and Omohyoid
82
Superior Border of Carotid Triangle
Posterior Belly of Digastric M.
83
Termination of Anterior Jugular Veins
External Jugular Vein through communicating veins that course deep to Sternocleidomastoid
84
Termination of Inferior Thyroid Vein
Brachiocephalic Vein
85
Termination of Superior and Middle Thyroid Veins
Internal Jugular Vein
86
Three Major Triangles of Anterior Triangle
Muscular, Carotid, Submandibular (also a small submental)
87
Triangle containing the Ansa Cervalis
Carotid
88
Two arteries to Thyroid Gland
Superior Thyroid from External Carotid, Inferior Thyroid from Thyrocervical?
89
Vein on External Surface of Sternocleidomastoid muscle
External Jugular Vein
90
What divides anteromedial to the Sternocleidomastoid muscle at the level of the superior margion of the thyroid cartilage?
Common Carotid into Internal and External
91
What loops inferior to the Occipital A near its origin?
Hypoglossal N.
92
What nerve courses with the Superior Thyroid A deep to strap muscles?
External Branch of Superior Laryngeal N.
93
Where do C1 and C2 nerves branch divert from Hypoglossal to become Superior Root?
Deep to Posterior Digastric M. (only fibers from C1 ventral ramus contribute to Superior Root)
94
Where does Hypoglossal N. cross lateral surface of Ext. Carotid A?
Origin of Lingual A from Ext Carotid A (b/t Ext Carotid A and Int Jugular V)
95
Where does Internal Carotid A enter Cranial Cavity?
Carotid Canal
96
Where does the Common Carotid A bifurcate?
Superior border of Thyroid Cartilage
97
With what artery does the External Branch of the Superior Laryngeal N course?
Superior Thyroid A
98
With what nerve do C1 and C2 nerves run for a short distance?
Hypoglossal Nerve
99
3 Branches from First Part of Subclavian A
Vertebral, Thyrocervical Trunk, Internal Thoracic
100
6 Components of Cervical Plexus
(1) 4 Cutaneous Nn; (2) Ansa Cervicalis; (3) Phrenic N. (4) Cervical contributions to Accessory N.; (5) Direct Motor Branches; (6) Gray Rami
101
B/t what 2 muscles does the Subclavian A pass superior to Clavicle
Anterior and Middle Scalene
102
B/t what muscles is the origin of the Brachial Plexus?
Ant and Mid Scalane
103
Branch from Second part of Subclavian A
Costocervical Trunk
104
Branch from Third Part of Subclavian A
Dorsal Scapula A
105
Floor of Posterior Triangle
Middle and Posterior Scalene, Levator Scapulae, Splenius Mm
106
How does Phrenic N enter Thorax?
Passes b/t Subclavian A and V
107
How does Vertebral A enter Cranium?
Foramen Magnum
108
Innervation of Accessory N
Trapezius and SCM
109
Insertion of Anterior Scalene m
First Rib
110
Insertion of Middle Scalene M
First Rib
111
Insertion of Posterior Scalene M
Second Rib
112
Notable branch of Inferior Thyroid A
Ascending Cervical Branch to Deep Muscles of Neck
113
Only tributary to Subclavian V
External Jugular V
114
Origin of Ant, Mid, and Post Scalene Mm
Transverse processes of Cervical Vertebrae
115
Origin of Ascending Cervical A
Inferior Thyroid A (Thyrocervical Trunk)
116
Origin of Costocervical Trunk
Second part of Subclavian A
117
Origin of Dorsal Scapular A
Third Part of Subclavian (Often from Transverse Cervical)
118
Origin of Supraclavicular Cutaneous Nn
Ventral Rami of C3,4
119
Origin of Suprascapular A
Thyrocervical Trunk
120
Primary Origin of Phrenic N.
C4 (C3-5)
121
Relationship of Transverse Cervical and Suprascapula A to Phrenic N
Arteries are Ventral
122
Termination of Costocervical Trunk
Passes over Apex of Lung, divides into Supreme Intercostal and Deep Cervical
123
Three Branches of Thyrocervical Trunk?
Inferior Thyroid, Suprascapular, Transverse Cervical
124
To what muscle is the Anterior Scalene located deep?
Sternocleidomastoid
125
Vertical gap b/t Ant and Mid Scalene Mm
Scalene Triangle/Interval
126
Vessels in Fascia deep to Subclavius M
Subclavian A and V
127
What demarcates the second part of the Subclavian A
Posterior to Anterior Scalene Muscle
128
Where does Vertebral A enter spinal column?
Sixth Cervical Vertebra
129
What provides sensory innervation to the mucosa of the Piriform Recesses and Laryngeal Inlet (cough)
Internal Laryngeal N
130
What N lies on posterior surface of Stylopharyngeus M
Glossopharyngeal
131
What layer is b/t Pharyngobasilar Fascia and Buccopharyngeal Fascia?
Constrictor and Longitudinal Mm
132
What is lateral to each Aryepiglottic Fold
Piriform Recesses
133
What is in fascia on lateral and posterior aspects of Pharynx?
Int Carotid A, Ascending Pharyngeal A, Int Jugular V, Cervical Sympathetic Trunk; Last 4 Cranial Nn
134
What is conducted thru gap b/t Superior and Middle Constricotr Mm
Stylopharyngeus M and Glossopharyngeal N
135
What is b/t Buccopharyngeal Fascia and Prevertebral Fascia
Retropharyngeal Space
136
What gap does the Stylopharygneus M pass thru?
B/t Superior and Middle Constrictor M
137
What courses through gap b/t Middle and Inferior Constrictor Mm
Superior Laryngeal A and Internal Laryngeal N
138
What contributes to the Pharyngeal Plexus
Vagus, Glossopharyngeal, Sympathetic Trunk
139
What connects the base of the tongue with the Epiglottis
Median and Lateral Glossoepiglottic Folds
140
Thick, Submucosal fascia of Pharynx
Pharyngobasilar Fascia
141
The Glossopharyngeal N can be founding on posterior surface of what muscle?
Stylopharyngeus M
142
Termination of Superior Laryngeal N
Enters Carotid Triangle and divides into Internal and External Laryngeal Nn
143
Superior Attachment of Pharyngeal Raphe
Pharyngeal Tubercle
144
Relation of Accessory N to Int Jugular V
N is lateral to V
145
Posterior Midline Insertion of Pharyngeal Constrictor Mm
Pharyngeal Raphe
146
Position of Vagus N in Carotid Sheath
B/t Internal Jugular V and Internal Carotid A
147
Part of Pharynx b/t soft palate and base of tongue and hyoid bone
Oropharynx
148
Part of Pharynx b/t skull and soft palate
Nasopharynx
149
Part of Pharynx b/t Hyoid bone and Cricoid Cartilage
Laryngopharynx
150
Origin of Superior Pharyngeal Constrictor
Lower posterior border of medial Pterygoid Plate; Hamulus; Mylohyoid Line of Mandible; Intervening Pteryogomandibular Raphe
151
Origin of Superior Laryngeal N
Vagus N on posterior surface of Pharynx, just below Jugular Foramen
152
Origin of Stylopharyngeus
Styloid Process
153
Origin of Salpingopharyngeus
Inferomedial end of Auditory Tube
154
Origin of Palatopharyngeus
Posterior margin of hard palate, Palantine Aponeurosis
155
Origin of Middle Pharyngeal Constrictor
Lesser and Greater Horns of Hyoid; Lower portion of Stylohyoid Ligament
156
Origin of Internal and External Laryngeal Nn
Vagus N in Carotid Triangle
157
Origin of Inferior Pharyngeal Constrictor
Oblique Line of Thyroid Cartilage; Cricoid Cartilage; and Tendinous Arch b/t them
158
On what muscle does the Pharyngeal Plexus lie?
Middle Pharyngeal Constrictor M
159
Level of Superior Cervical Ganglion
C2
160
Insertion of Stylopharyngeus
Superior Border and Superior Horn of Thyroid Cartilage; Lateral Pharyngeal Wall
161
Insertion of Salpingopharyngeus
Blends w/ Palatopharyngeus in Lateral Pharyngeal Wall
162
Insertion of Pharyngeal Constrictor Mm
Pharyngeal Raphe
163
Insertion of Palatopharyngeus
Posterior Border of Thyroid Cartilage and Lateral Wall of Pharynx
164
Innervation Palatopharyngeus
CN X - Pharygneal Branches
165
Innervation of Stylopharyngeus
CN IX - Pharyngeal Branches
166
Innervation of Salpingopharyngeus
CN X - Pharygneal Branches
167
Innervation of Pharyngeal Constrictor Mm
Vagus - Pharyngeal Branches
168
Innervation of C1 fibers that travel w/ Hypoglossal?
Thyrohyoid and Geniohyoid
169
Fascia on Posterior Surface of Pharynx
Buccopharyngeal Fascia
170
Fascia covering gap b/t upper border of Superior Constrictor M and Base of Skull
Phargynobasilar Fasica
171
Branch of Vagus N posterior to Pharynx just below Jugular Foramen
Superior Laryngeal N
172
At what level is the transition of Pharynx to Esophagus?
C6
173
Anterior openings of Pharynx
Nasal, Oral, and Laryngeal Cavities
174
Action of Stylopharyngeus
Elevate Pharynx
175
Action of Salpingopharyngeus
Elevate Pharynx
176
Action of Palatopharyngeus
Elevate Pharynx and Close Oropharyngeal Isthmus
177
4 Cranial N in Carotid Sheath at base of Skull
Glossopharyngeal, Vagus, Accessory, Hypoglossal
178
3 Longitudinal Mm of Pharynx
Stylopharyngeus, Salpingopharyngeus, Palatopharyngeus
179
Action of Cricothyroid
Stretches vocal fold; Increases pitch of voice
180
Action of Lateral Cricoarytenoid
Adducts vocal fold; Closes airway partially or completely
181
Action of Posterior Cricoarytenoid
Abducts vocal fold; Opens airway more to facilitate breathing
182
Action of Thryoarytenoid
Relaxes vocal fold; Lowers pitch of voice
183
Action of Transverse and Oblique Arytenoid
Closes intercatilaginous portion of rima glottidis; Coughing
184
Action of Vocalis
Fine tunes tension of vocal ligament; Affects pitch of voice
185
Anterolateral recess from ventricles of Larynx
Saccule
186
Branches of Vagus found on in mucosa of Piriform Recesses
Inferior Laryngeal N, Internal Branch of Superior Laryngeal
187
Cartilages in Aryepiglottic Folds at posterior edge of laryngeal inlet
Arytenoid
188
Folds that form Laryngeal inlet
Aryepiglottic Folds
189
GSA Innervation of Infraglottic Space of Larynx
CN X via Inferior Laryngeal N.
190
GSA Innervation of Inlet of Larynx
CN X via Internal Branch of Superior Laryngeal N
191
GSA Innervation of Ventricle and Saccule of Larynx
CN X via Internal Branch of Superior Laryngeal N
192
GSA Innervation of Vestibule of Larynx
CN X via Internal Branch of Superior Laryngeal N
193
Innervation of Cricothyroid
Ext Branch of Superior Laryngeal N
194
Innervation of Laryngeal mucosa above vocal folds
Internal Branch of Superior Laryngeal N
195
Innervation of Laryngeal mucosa below the vocal folds
Inferior Laryngeal N
196
Innervation of Lateral Cricoarytenoid
Inferior Laryngeal N
197
Innervation of Posterior Cricoarytenoid
Inferior Laryngeal N
198
Innervation of Thyroarytenoid
Inferior Laryngeal N
199
Innervation of Transverse and Oblique Arytenoid
Inferior Laryngeal N
200
Innervation of Vocalis
Inferior Laryngeal N
201
Insertion of Cricothyroid
Inferior margin and Inferior Horn of Thyroid Cartilage
202
Insertion of Lateral Cricoarytenoid
Muscular Process of Arytenoid Cartilage
203
Insertion of Posterior Cricoarytenoid
Muscular Process of Arytenoid Cartilage
204
Insertion of Thyroarytenoid
Anterolateral border and vocal process of arytenoid cartilage
205
Insertion of Transverse and Oblique Arytenoid
Opposite Arytenoid Cartilage
206
Insertion of Vocalis
Vocal ligaments
207
Lumen of Larynx inferior to Vocal Folds
Infraglottic Cavity
208
Muscle on ventral surface of Larynx
Cricothyroid M
209
Muscular innervation of Inferior Laryngeal N
All intrinsic muscles of Larynx except for the Cricothyroid M (external branch)
210
N deep to lobes of Thyroid coursing on Larynx
Recurrent Laryngeal Nn
211
Origin of Cricothyroid
Anterior and Lateral Aspects of Arch of Cricoid Cartilage
212
Origin of Inferior Laryngeal N
Continuation of Recurrent Laryngeal at Cricothyroid Joint
213
Origin of Lateral Cricoarytenoid
Superior border of arch of Cricoid Cartilage
214
Origin of Posterior Cricoarytenoid
Posterior Surface of Lamina of Cricoid Cartilage
215
Origin of Thyroarytenoid
Posterior Surface of Thyroid Cartilage at Midline Angle
216
Origin of Transverse and Oblique Arytenoid
One Arytenoid Cartilage
217
Origin of Vocalis
Vocal processes of Arytenoid Cartilage
218
Space b/t true vocal folds
Rima Glottidis
219
Structures in Infraglottic Space of Larynx
Mucosa over Conus Elasticus (below true vocal folds)
220
Structures in Inlet of Larynx
Mucosa over Epiglottis; Aryepiglottic Folds; Mucosa of Interarytenoid Notich
221
Structures in Ventricle and Saccule of Larynx
Mucosa Lining the Ventricle; Sacculus
222
Structures in Vestibule of Larynx
Mucosa over Quadrangular Membrane; Vestibular Fold
223
Termination of Recurrent Laryngeal N
Becomes Inferior Laryngeal at Cricothyroid Joint
224
What connects inferior border of Thyroid Cartilage to Cricoid in the anterior midline?
Median Cricothyroid Ligament
225
What connects superior border of Thyroid Cartilage to Hyoid Bone
Thyrohyoid Membrane
226
What forms walls of Infraglottic Cavity deep to mucosa
Conus Elasticus
227
What is b/t the Vistibular and Vocal folds of Larynx
Ventricle of Larynx
228
What nerve carries sensory fibers from taste buds at base of tounge and epiglottis
Internal Branch of Superior Laryngeal N
229
What nerve supplies parasympathetic fibers to gland on the epiglottis, aryepiglottic folds, and inferior larynx
Internal Branch of Superior Laryngeal N
230
What passes through Thyrohyoid Membrane into Larynx?
Superior Laryngeal N and Superior Thyroid A
