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Poph192 > 2-13 lectures > Flashcards

2-13 lectures Flashcards

1
Q

what is health?

A

a state of complete physical, mental, social well-being and not merely the absence of disease or infirmity

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2
Q

what is epidemiology?

A

the study of the occurrence and distribution of health-related events, states, or processes in specified populations, including the study of the determinants influencing such processes and the application of this knowledge to control relevant health problems

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3
Q

what is humanities?

A

human feelings

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4
Q

how do issues arise in health?

A

when people have the incorrect perspectives with people

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5
Q

is story telling active or not?

A

active

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6
Q

how can we tell the difference between a good story and a bad story?

A

cultural specific

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7
Q

what can stories provoke?

A

emotions in the audience by the way the story teller is being active and drawing the story

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8
Q

what are narritives doing?

A

not accidental
they know how to calculate and put together a good story

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9
Q

what is story telling useful for?

A

in a clinical situation such as a patient telling a story and the doctor asking questions

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10
Q

what can asking questions do?

A

can be a form of story telling

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11
Q

what is self talk?

A

is like telling a story to yourself and can be useful for self healing

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12
Q

what can story telling identify?

A

illness from a patient to a doctor

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13
Q

what are the 4 types of stories?

A

restitution
chaos
quest
testimonial

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14
Q

who tell restitution stories?

A

people who are recently ill but were fine not that long ago but are fine now

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15
Q

what do restitution stories do?

A

help people and tell the story

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16
Q

who cant tell restitutional stories?

A

people who have not healed from an illness

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17
Q

what are chaos endings like?

A

hard to bare, not great endings

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18
Q

what do chaos stories tell?

A

people who cant escape their illness or a break up with a romantic partner

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19
Q

what can a health care person do about a chaos story?

A

there isn’t much that they can do so all that they can do is sit and listen

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20
Q

what type of story keeps people down?

A

chaos

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21
Q

what do quest stories tell?

A

a departure as they go on a journey
the story teller is heroic in the story

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22
Q

what does the audience behave like in a quest story?

A

see this as endurance and forbearance and can strike hope in the audience

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23
Q

what are a good example of a quest story?

A

alcoholics anonymous by telling stories to help lift up people and keep each other sober

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24
Q

what do testimonial stories do to the audience?

A

makes us believe

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25
Q

what does the narator do in a testimonial story do?

A

choose to exclude things from the story to make themselves sound better and more believable

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26
Q

what are images?

A

strong story tellers

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27
Q

what do most stories consist of?

A

a mix of all types of stories

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28
Q

what do chaos stories leave out?

A

the possibility of hope and acceptance

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29
Q

what do quest stories tend to diminish?

A

the suffering involved at least initially in a quest

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30
Q

what can journeys explain?

A

health, illness and disease

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31
Q

what are unexpected journeys?

A

not knowing what is happening throughout the journey but know that it can lead you to the destination

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32
Q

what does the reason of an unexpected journey do?

A

leaves you clueless but impacts the goal and ahs a deeper meaning

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33
Q

what is an illness?

A

how you feel when you visit the doctor

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34
Q

what is a disease?

A

what we have when we leave the doctors office

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35
Q

what is illness like?

A

a misfortune and is subjective experience of physical and emotional changes which are generally confirmed by other people

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36
Q

what can illness lead to in our well-being?

A

leaves us demorilised

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37
Q

what is the language of distress?

A

when we talk to others about our illness

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38
Q

what 2 things does the language of distress bridge between?

A

subjective experiences of impaired well
social acknowledgment of them

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39
Q

what causes the language of distress?

A

not what you do but the context of what you are doing

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40
Q

what has different languages of distress?

A

different cultures

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41
Q

what happens if the bridge of language distress is not working between you and others?

A

the bridge is contested

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42
Q

what can contest the bridge of distress?

A

you thinking your ill and other dont agree with you
or
when people think you have a disease but you think otherwise

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43
Q

what did canguilhem say in 1991?

A

diseases is a departure from a norm established by biomedical authority

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44
Q

what is pilgrimage?

A

the process of going to a far place to understand a familiar place better

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45
Q

what can the biomedical authority lead people to believe?

A

that they are ill beyond them showing a contested illness

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46
Q

what do people travel further for?

A

attractiveness of cultural distant with belief from different cultures and professionals

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47
Q

what can the bridge between suffering and healing do?

A

the barrier of the language and others cultural views
within this contains the possibility of healing

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48
Q

what does art provoke?

A

a conversation and focuses us in a different way

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49
Q

what was frida kahlos mission in life?

A

to sustain the richness of difference in indigenous cultures

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50
Q

what happen to frida kahlo?

A

she was paralysed in an accident and now does inspiring artworks

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51
Q

what does the wounded deer tell us?

A

tells us about suffering as the arrows show the struggle as she has been hit repetitive and the forest shows the isolation

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52
Q

what does the memory, the heart tell us?

A

the husband had an afair with her sister her heart has been torn and is forever flowing into the ocean
she struggled as a kid and shows the pain that she felt when her loved ones torn her

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53
Q

what does the art work personal dimensions of suffering show us?

A

the alienation in 3 different
from yourself, your body and others
making strangers out of those you know well

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54
Q

what is suffering?

A

a state of distress that is a feeling and doesnt need to be under threat
your identity can become threatened

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55
Q

what can stop people from comunicating?

A

suffering

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56
Q

what is pain?

A

has a purpose

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57
Q

what happens if pain doesnt have a purpose?

A

then it becomes suffering

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58
Q

what can sadness provide us with?

A

composure and how someone contributed to the people as a communittee

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59
Q

what does a lotus flower mean?

A

it only grows in the mud but grows a beautiful flower which is a metaphor of suffering

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60
Q

how to heal from suffering?

A

learning how to speak and regain your voice

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61
Q

what story is promenint in suffering?

A

chaos

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62
Q

what is religious healing?

A

how healthy they are is dependant on how they face each trial and to have a good relationship

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63
Q

what is pure health in a religous sense?

A

holyness with jesus as its perfect manifestation and death was the ultimate healing

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64
Q

what is healing?

A

self confirming

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65
Q

what can healing be a resolving of?

A

emotional differculties such as traumas

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66
Q

what is intersectionality?

A

is a tool to theorize identity and is how we see ourselves and others see us from the outside perspective

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67
Q

what are our identities made of?

A

psycological make up with context of the atmosphere and enviroment and matured in such as familia, social and cultural elements

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68
Q

what can intersectionality either be?

A

enhance or diminish of our life chances according to our biographical attributes

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69
Q

what can intersectionality lead to?

A

entanglement of health

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70
Q

how do we think about others who come from diverse backgrounds?

A

we have to leave our stat of comforts

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71
Q

what is intersectional identity?

A

overlap with you who is on this earth together with everyone else

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72
Q

what is structural suffering?

A

where we see a systematic, widespread, predictable inequity of access to these processes that enhance and sustain well-being

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73
Q

what is the bhopal tradgety?

A

an example of structural suffering that has multiple system failure that lead to the release of toxic bhopal gas
the alarm didnt wake people up and they were all effected by the gas

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74
Q

what can degrees of ability have an impact on?

A

health and intersectional identity

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75
Q

what is a medicalisation?

A

when medicine encroaches onto aspects of life that were historically not recognised as being subject to the oversight and control of biomedical specialists

76
Q

what can power within a health industry do?

A

long term effects and influences impacts on the people

77
Q

why dont people of little power say anything to people with alot of power?

A

they are scared

78
Q

what is social power?

A

influencing another or another social group

79
Q

what is a negative impact of social power?

A

intimidation

80
Q

what does power come with?

A

money, hirache, professional and fanbase

81
Q

what can power do in relations to health?

A

persuade people through things like promoting good health

82
Q

what can self monitoring be?

A

persuading you in a health sense like a fitbit and achieveing a step goal making you like slave to the goal

83
Q

what does masculinity do with health?

A

rather undermine their health than enhance it and change who they were

84
Q

what does feminine do with health?

A

would put their own issues to the side and help others first

85
Q

what are the most people in health books based off?

A

fit, young, white males

86
Q

what bad about using young fit males as images in books leads to what?

A

woman being underrepresnted

87
Q

what is biopower?

A

the power that we cant seem to escape as its a cycle of accepting and rejecting
its pretty suttle and hard to realize its affecting us

88
Q

what is the mind?

A

reader of spirtual features and emotions.
values neutrality to produce a face that is non-judgmental with zero emotion

89
Q

what keeps professionals professional?

A

the mind body dualism

90
Q

what are the 3 competing view?

A

health-biomedical
phenomenological
social

91
Q

what is phenomenological?

A

lived experiences

92
Q

what is a limit to biopower?

A

health professionals refusing to diagnose you and let you heal yourself

93
Q

what is the narrow view of biomedicine?

A

health professionals having a higher power and everything that happens to you is under their control

94
Q

what do people do when they are trying to comunicate with someone that cant comunicate well?

A

take time and develop to the way that they are comunicating

95
Q

what is the basic meaning of whakapapa?

A

reffered to as layers and papa means flat
it can also relate to genalogy

96
Q

what has a whakapapa?

A

everything

97
Q

what are groups of people called?

A

a whanau/family

98
Q

what are a group of whanaus called?

A

hapu/subtribe

99
Q

what is a group of hapu called?

A

iwi/tribe

100
Q

what is the word given to bring groups together?

A

waka

101
Q

what is matauranga maori?

A

the knowledge, comprehension, or understanding of everything visable or invisible that exist across the universe according to maori

102
Q

what does each generation of the maori adds?

A

they add to the body of maori

103
Q

what does the body of knowledge encompass?

A

all branches of maori knowledge, past, present and is still developing

104
Q

what does both holistic and pluralistic systems value about the matauranga maori?

A

the process of coming to know

105
Q

what are purakou?

A

observations of the world and theories that is used as a means to pass information onto the next generation

106
Q

why do maori use purakou?

A

because they are oral people so they pass knowledge by telling stories

107
Q

what is te kore?

A

nothing existing except potential

108
Q

what is te po?

A

where the gods ranginui and papatuanuku began to rasie there kids

109
Q

what is te ao marama?

A

when the world of light came knowledge and understanding

110
Q

where was the first women sculpted from for maoris?

A

the earth of papatuanuku and then she breathed life into her

111
Q

what is hine-ahu-one?

A

the first of the waka as the first woman being made

112
Q

what is the maori worldveiw?

A

holistic and collectivist

113
Q

how much of the world does the pacific ocean cover?

A

1/3

114
Q

what does the term pacific mean?

A

a continent made up of numerous cultures with alot of common aspects yet some different

115
Q

what is polyneisia feench for?

A

many islands

116
Q

what are atolls?

A

flooded volcanoes that have disappeared and left just the coral reef such as kiribati

117
Q

what are indigenous people?

A

the first people that migrated from south-east asia in multiple ways

118
Q

what was the first wave of migration?

A

when the sea levels were low and people travelled to settlement places in new guinea, Austrailia and some parts of melanesia on foot and make shaft rafts

119
Q

what was the second wave of migration?

A

the islands were colonized by seafares called the atronesias

120
Q

what was the third wave of migration?

A

the polynesian migration which went from one point and colonized all polynesia islands

121
Q

what is the most liguistically diverse place on earth?

A

the pacific regions

122
Q

what are maps?

A

the way we visualize the world and has changed our view of the world changes

123
Q

what did colonization do to the pacific islanders?

A

impacted their such as taking their land and building westernised civilisation aswell as establishing contracts

124
Q

what are the 3 political status outcomes of the pacific islands?

A

dependant territory
international agreement
self governing

125
Q

what can the many different cukltures withing the pacific islands lead to?

A

different beleifs upon the different islands

126
Q

what are some values that the pacific people have in common?

A

respect, service, collectivism, family and spiritually

127
Q

what does hauora mean?

A

to breathe in good heath

128
Q

what do maoris view as illness?

A

breatches of tapu or tikanga

129
Q

what did the europeans bring to NZ?

A

infectous diseases

130
Q

what did infectous diseases do to the indiginous population?

A

killed half of them because they didn’t have a immune system developed to help protect them

131
Q

what did the bringing of white supremacy and beleifs to new zealand?

A

destroyed the indigenous culture of the maori people

132
Q

what happened if maori kids spoke tounge in their westernised school?

A

they were punished

133
Q

what did westernisation affecting maori?

A

affects the maori health which in turn leads to a higher heath need

134
Q

what is the te whare tapa wha?

A

the four sided house of maori well-being

135
Q

what are the 4 sides of the te whare tapa wha?

A

wairua
tinana
hinengaro
whanau

136
Q

what is wairua?

A

spiritual health

137
Q

what is tinana?

A

physical health

138
Q

what is hinenegaro?

A

mental and emotional well-being

139
Q

what is whanau?

A

social well-being

140
Q

what is the purpose of the te whare tapa wha?

A

we need all the walls for the house to stand strong

141
Q

what is te pae mahutonga?

A

the southern cross

142
Q

what does the southern cross consist of?

A

maurioa
te oranga
waiora
toiora
te mana whakahaere
nga manukura

143
Q

what was the southern cross used for?

A

to navigate the native maori

144
Q

what is the metaphor for the stars of the southern cross?

A

the main 4 are mean health and the other 2 are ways to achieve health

145
Q

what are the goal of the 4 main stars?

A

mauriora - access to the te ao maori
waiora - environmental protection
toiora - healthy lifestyle
te oranga - participation in society

146
Q

what are the perequisites of the other 2 stars?

A

nga manukura - leadership
te mana whakahaere - autonomy

147
Q

what is the meihana model?

A

patient and whanau on the 2 hulls and the cross beams are holding the waka together

148
Q

was the first migration to nz fast or slow?

A

slow

149
Q

what was the first migration to nz?

A

the first pacific islanders from samoa to get the NZ

150
Q

how long did the first migration happen?

A

1926 - 1950s

151
Q

what happened in the second migration to NZ?

A

pacific population increases rapidly because of attraction of employmment promises

152
Q

how long did the second migration happen?

A

160s - 1973

153
Q

what is the pacific perspective definition of health?

A

has links and relationships between nature, people, nonliving and living things

154
Q

what do pacific people see as illness?

A

a imbalance in there relationships

155
Q

what does ola manuia mean?

A

living well or wellness
its a collective approach and requires more effective collaboration within the health and disability system

156
Q

what leads to the major health issues in the pacific population?

A

cultural misunderstandings and unconcious bias

157
Q

what is kakala model?

A

from tonga and means to research purpose and concept, data collection, data analysis, research benefitting the patient, evaluating

158
Q

what is tivaevae?

A

from the cook islands
means patches which patches the story of lives together

159
Q

what are the 5 values of tivaevae?

A

collaboration
respect
reciprocity
relationships
shared vision

160
Q

what is fa’afaletui?

A

from somoa and is the process of weaving together deliberations of different houses

161
Q

what is fonua?

A

model from tonga whichg comprises five dimensions of health to maintain a health life these dimensions need to live in harmony

162
Q

what is te vaka atafaga?

A

is a model from toklau and has 6 aspects of enviroment, family,spiritually, mental, social systems and physical body

163
Q

what does tino rangatiratanga mean?

A

important authority of a cheif

164
Q

what is tino rangatiratanga?

A

the ability to make decisions about the important things and is by maori for maori

165
Q

when was the united nation declaration of rights of indigenous people first adapted?

A

2007

166
Q

when was the treaty of waitangi signed?

A

the 6th of february 1840

167
Q

what was differnt in the 2 versions of the treaty of waitangi?

A

they were in different languages and wasnt translated properly

168
Q

what are adaptations to maoris during covid to covid practices?

A

learning te reo online
care packages

169
Q

what are the 3 central entities and localities?

A

ministry of health
te aka whai ora
ta aka whatu ora

170
Q

what is te aka whatu ora?

A

to leave the wolrd in a better plavce than we found it to leave it for our grand children

171
Q

what does the iwi maori partnership boards do?

A

represent local maori perspectives

172
Q

what is kete?

A

at the heart of the pacific health models

173
Q

what were 2 issues of people dying to diseases in the pacific islands?

A

we had no cencus so all we had was estimates of the population
people didnt always report deaths

174
Q

whos life expectancy is lower in nz?

A

maori and pacifica people

175
Q

what are the 9 areas to achieve equity in health outcomes?

A

-culture
-community and health literacy
-service properties
-leadership
-workforce
-mental well-being
-health and disability system
-enviroments and the social determinants of health
-evidence and insights

176
Q

what is epidemiology?

A

the study of the occurance and distribution of health related events, states or processes in specific populations

177
Q

what is population health?

A

health outcomes of a group of individuals including the distribution of such outcomes within the group
it looks at the big picture and the pattern of health impacts on a population

178
Q

what are 2 factors that determine the patterns of health distributions in nz?

A

ethnicity and socioeconomic statis

179
Q

what can measure socioeconomic statis?

A

occupation, education or what your income is

180
Q

what is the most reliable source for socioeconomic statis?

A

education as it doesnt change that much and everyone can accurately remember it

181
Q

what is NZDep?

A

an area level of nz deprivation so the whole nz is divided into areas and each area has a different decile area and it inclues everyone in nz

182
Q

what determines NZDep?

A

questions that are asked in the NZ cencus

183
Q

what is absolute poverty?

A

income level below which a minimum nutritionally adequate diet plus essential non-food requirements is not affordable

184
Q

what is relative poverty?

A

the amount of income a person, family, or group needs to puchase a relative amount of basic necessities of life

185
Q

what are the social determinants of health?

A

the conditions in whjich people are born, grow, live, work and age in

Poph192 (4 decks)

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