1st Semester Exam Flashcards
Which lines run parallel of the equator
Latitude
What percentage of the earth is made up of water
70%
The lithosphere consists of earths what
Land
The hydrosphere consists of earths what
Water
How many inches per year do the plates in the earth move
4 inches
How many miles is the earth from the sun
93,000,000
What is the diameter of the earth
8,000 miles
Earthquakes, volcanoes, and tsunamis are created by ______ forces
Internal
What is made up of thick rock such as silicon, oxygen, aluminum, and iron
Mantle
Which tropic is located at 23.5 degrees S
Capricorn
Which tropic is located at 23.5 degrees N
Cancer
What are the winds that blow in constant patterns
Prevailing
Which area on the equator is usually windless
Doldrums
Which direction do the ocean currents flow in the Southern Hemisphere
Counter-clockwise
What is the highest point of the earths surface
Mt Everest
What is the lowest point of the earths surface
Dead Sea
What type of map shows the boundaries of states
Political
What do we call the phenomenon where a place experiences 6 months without sunlight
Midnight sun
What is the oldest and most common form of government throughout history
Absolute monarchy
Which Native American tribe was known for communicating with a knotted cord known as a quipu
Inca
Which Native American tribe built artificial islands
Aztec
Which Native American tribe was highly skilled in mathematics and calculating the orbit of the earth
Maya
What is located in Greenwich, England
Prime meridian
What was the first Latin American country to achieve independence
Haiti
Who built schools, hospitals, and colleges during the colonization of Latin America
Protestant missionaries
Why is the literacy rate improving in Latin America
Free education
What was the name given to the leaders appointed in Latin America for colonization by Europe
Viceroy
What is the national sport of most Latin American countries
Soccer
Which country was the only one to gain independence without a revolution
Brazil
What is life often centered on in Latin America
Family
What are the five themes of geography
Region, place, movement, location, and human-environment interaction
What is the difference between a physical and a political map
A physical map shows the earths features or topography, but a political map shows boundaries between states and countries
What is the deepest part of the ocean
Mariana Trench
List the 7 continents
NA, SA, Africa, Asia, Europe, Antarctica, and Australia
List the 5 oceans
Pacific, Arctic, Atlantic, Indian, and southern
Define autocracy
When a country is ruled by one person
Define oligarchy
When a country is ruled by a few people
Give examples of a totalitarian dictator
King John un, Adolf hitler, and Joseph Stalin
How does a direct democracy work
People directly decide on issues themselves
How does a representative democracy function
We elect representatives, with limited terms, to decide on issues for us
What type of economy states that the government owns or directs the means of production and controls distribution of goods
Command economy
What is the hottest and lowest place in the US
Death Valley
How far do the Rocky Mountains extend; and which countries does it begin and end in
3,000; begins in New Mexico and ends in Alaska
Which US state is the first in natural gas reserves
Texas
What are north Americas oldest mountain and the continents second-longest mountain range
Appalachian
Why is new yorks city’s Manhattan island important
It is one of the most important economic centers for the US and world
Which state is composed of volcanic mountaintops
Hawaii
What is a major source of hydroelectric power for the US and Canada
Niagara Falls
How does Canada’s weather affect the US
Winds bring in Canada’s cold air
Where is the majority of oil and natural gas reserves located in Canada
Alberta
What is the worlds largest island
Greenland
What is the name of the US epidemic during the 1930s that destroyed many crops and caused numerous agricultural problems
Dust bowl
Where is the worlds finest emeralds found
Columbia
Which two Latin American countries are leading oil producers
Mexico and Venezuela
What is the largest lake in Central America
Lake Nicaragua
Which country is the worlds leading exporter of copper
Chile
What affects the climates of Latin America the most
The elevation of the land
What is unique about the atacama desert
It is so arid that in some places no rainfall has ever been recorded
In your opinion, what is the best system of government and economics that we have talked about?
The best system of government is a direct democracy because people can decide on the issues themselves not have others do it for them. The best system of economics is a mixed economy because it allows people to be in the market and makes money from it, instead of the government getting all the money
Which country has an abundant supply of sulfur
Turkmenistan
How many Arabs are in the Middle East
275 M
What language do Iranians speak
Farsi
When did Israel gain access to the Golan heights
1967
Which country is open to western elements of society
Turkey
Which group has no homeland
Kurds
What is the largest inland body of water
Caspian Sea
How long is the Nile River
4,160 miles
Which desert is the red sand desert
Qizilqum
Which desert is the black sand desert
Garagum
Define ethnic diversity in your own words
When different people from different races live in the same place
What are the three most populous countries in the Middle East
Turkey, Egypt, and Iran
Why do many Arabs dislike the formation of Israel
Because many were displaced as a result of it
What language do the Arabs speak
Arabic
What separates Africa and Europe
The Mediterranean Sea
How much oil is in the Middle East
70%
What is unique about the Dead Sea
It’s 9 times saltier than the ocean
What mountain has two peaks? What is significant about the location
Mt. Ararat; it’s where Noah’s ark rested
What is Africa’s longest mountain chain
The Atlas Mountains
How do you suggest that middle eastern countries handle their ethnic diversity? What can be done differently? Should we care
I think the middle eastern countries should be more ethnically diversed. I think they should allow people of different races and religious beliefs to live there. Also I think the western nations should care.
Founder of Judaism
Abraham of the bible
Founder of Islam
Muhammad
What Christian holiday celebrates the resurrection of Jesus
Easter
Founder of Christianity
Jesus
Definition of monotheism
Believes in only one God
Why is Jerusalem important to Christians
It’s where the passion, crucifixion, resurrection, and the last supper took place
Why/how do you think religion plays an important role in the conflicts ongoing in the Middle East today
Because some people don’t like what others believe in and want that religion to “end” or leave that area. So, they threaten to attack and kill people unless they start to believe in what they want them to believe
Which peninsula consists of the countries of Norway and Sweden
Scandinavia
Which peninsula contains the countries of Spain and Portugal
Iberian
Which peninsula contains the country Italy
Apennine
Which peninsula consists of the countries of Albania, Greece, and Romania
Balkan
Which peninsula is made up of the country of Denmark
Jutland
What is the most important River in Eastern Europe
Danube
What is the most important River in Western Europe
Rhine
Which wind brings cold air to southern France
Mistral
Which wind brings hot winds from the North African deserts of Libya
Siroccos
Where is the Black Forest found
Germany
Which religion do the swedes share
Lutheranism
Which ethnic group of Belgium trace their ancestry to the celts who lived there during the Germanic invasion
Walloons
What is a system in which powerful lords give lands to nobles in return for pledges of loyalty
Feudalism
Where do the industrial Revolution begin
Great Britain
Which country became the symbol of the Cold War
Germany
Which two civilizations became the model for the western world
Ancient Greece and Rome
What is the main problem between the Flemings and the Walloons
Language
What is the least populated country in Europe? Most populated?
Vatican City; Germany
What characteristics can define Iceland
Hot springs, volcanoes, and geysers
Which River connects industrial cities to the busy port of Rotterdam on the North Sea
Rhine
Who led the communist world
USSR
Where did artists seek influence from during the Renaissance
Ancient Greece and Rome
Explain how the ocean currents and wind patterns affect the climates in Europe
Winds blow over the Atlantic Ocean onto the land from the Gulf Stream and North Atlantic drift. Mistrals being cold air to France from the alps. Siroccos bring hot winds from the deserts of Libya
What is communism and how did it come into the scene in Europe
An economic and political system designed to establish classless societies in which workers would control industrial production; because of social problems by poorly paid factory workers and unhealthy living conditions for them.
