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Geography > 1st Semester Exam > Flashcards

1st Semester Exam Flashcards

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1
Q

Which lines run parallel of the equator

A

Latitude

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2
Q

What percentage of the earth is made up of water

A

70%

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3
Q

The lithosphere consists of earths what

A

Land

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4
Q

The hydrosphere consists of earths what

A

Water

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5
Q

How many inches per year do the plates in the earth move

A

4 inches

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6
Q

How many miles is the earth from the sun

A

93,000,000

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7
Q

What is the diameter of the earth

A

8,000 miles

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8
Q

Earthquakes, volcanoes, and tsunamis are created by ______ forces

A

Internal

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9
Q

What is made up of thick rock such as silicon, oxygen, aluminum, and iron

A

Mantle

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10
Q

Which tropic is located at 23.5 degrees S

A

Capricorn

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11
Q

Which tropic is located at 23.5 degrees N

A

Cancer

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12
Q

What are the winds that blow in constant patterns

A

Prevailing

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13
Q

Which area on the equator is usually windless

A

Doldrums

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14
Q

Which direction do the ocean currents flow in the Southern Hemisphere

A

Counter-clockwise

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15
Q

What is the highest point of the earths surface

A

Mt Everest

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16
Q

What is the lowest point of the earths surface

A

Dead Sea

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17
Q

What type of map shows the boundaries of states

A

Political

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18
Q

What do we call the phenomenon where a place experiences 6 months without sunlight

A

Midnight sun

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19
Q

What is the oldest and most common form of government throughout history

A

Absolute monarchy

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20
Q

Which Native American tribe was known for communicating with a knotted cord known as a quipu

A

Inca

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21
Q

Which Native American tribe built artificial islands

A

Aztec

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22
Q

Which Native American tribe was highly skilled in mathematics and calculating the orbit of the earth

A

Maya

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23
Q

What is located in Greenwich, England

A

Prime meridian

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24
Q

What was the first Latin American country to achieve independence

A

Haiti

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25
Q

Who built schools, hospitals, and colleges during the colonization of Latin America

A

Protestant missionaries

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26
Q

Why is the literacy rate improving in Latin America

A

Free education

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27
Q

What was the name given to the leaders appointed in Latin America for colonization by Europe

A

Viceroy

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28
Q

What is the national sport of most Latin American countries

A

Soccer

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29
Q

Which country was the only one to gain independence without a revolution

A

Brazil

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30
Q

What is life often centered on in Latin America

A

Family

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31
Q

What are the five themes of geography

A

Region, place, movement, location, and human-environment interaction

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32
Q

What is the difference between a physical and a political map

A

A physical map shows the earths features or topography, but a political map shows boundaries between states and countries

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33
Q

What is the deepest part of the ocean

A

Mariana Trench

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34
Q

List the 7 continents

A

NA, SA, Africa, Asia, Europe, Antarctica, and Australia

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35
Q

List the 5 oceans

A

Pacific, Arctic, Atlantic, Indian, and southern

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36
Q

Define autocracy

A

When a country is ruled by one person

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37
Q

Define oligarchy

A

When a country is ruled by a few people

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38
Q

Give examples of a totalitarian dictator

A

King John un, Adolf hitler, and Joseph Stalin

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39
Q

How does a direct democracy work

A

People directly decide on issues themselves

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40
Q

How does a representative democracy function

A

We elect representatives, with limited terms, to decide on issues for us

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41
Q

What type of economy states that the government owns or directs the means of production and controls distribution of goods

A

Command economy

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42
Q

What is the hottest and lowest place in the US

A

Death Valley

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43
Q

How far do the Rocky Mountains extend; and which countries does it begin and end in

A

3,000; begins in New Mexico and ends in Alaska

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44
Q

Which US state is the first in natural gas reserves

A

Texas

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45
Q

What are north Americas oldest mountain and the continents second-longest mountain range

A

Appalachian

46
Q

Why is new yorks city’s Manhattan island important

A

It is one of the most important economic centers for the US and world

47
Q

Which state is composed of volcanic mountaintops

A

Hawaii

48
Q

What is a major source of hydroelectric power for the US and Canada

A

Niagara Falls

49
Q

How does Canada’s weather affect the US

A

Winds bring in Canada’s cold air

50
Q

Where is the majority of oil and natural gas reserves located in Canada

A

Alberta

51
Q

What is the worlds largest island

A

Greenland

52
Q

What is the name of the US epidemic during the 1930s that destroyed many crops and caused numerous agricultural problems

A

Dust bowl

53
Q

Where is the worlds finest emeralds found

A

Columbia

54
Q

Which two Latin American countries are leading oil producers

A

Mexico and Venezuela

55
Q

What is the largest lake in Central America

A

Lake Nicaragua

56
Q

Which country is the worlds leading exporter of copper

A

Chile

57
Q

What affects the climates of Latin America the most

A

The elevation of the land

58
Q

What is unique about the atacama desert

A

It is so arid that in some places no rainfall has ever been recorded

59
Q

In your opinion, what is the best system of government and economics that we have talked about?

A

The best system of government is a direct democracy because people can decide on the issues themselves not have others do it for them. The best system of economics is a mixed economy because it allows people to be in the market and makes money from it, instead of the government getting all the money

60
Q

Which country has an abundant supply of sulfur

A

Turkmenistan

61
Q

How many Arabs are in the Middle East

A

275 M

62
Q

What language do Iranians speak

A

Farsi

63
Q

When did Israel gain access to the Golan heights

A

1967

64
Q

Which country is open to western elements of society

A

Turkey

65
Q

Which group has no homeland

A

Kurds

66
Q

What is the largest inland body of water

A

Caspian Sea

67
Q

How long is the Nile River

A

4,160 miles

68
Q

Which desert is the red sand desert

A

Qizilqum

69
Q

Which desert is the black sand desert

A

Garagum

70
Q

Define ethnic diversity in your own words

A

When different people from different races live in the same place

71
Q

What are the three most populous countries in the Middle East

A

Turkey, Egypt, and Iran

72
Q

Why do many Arabs dislike the formation of Israel

A

Because many were displaced as a result of it

73
Q

What language do the Arabs speak

A

Arabic

74
Q

What separates Africa and Europe

A

The Mediterranean Sea

75
Q

How much oil is in the Middle East

A

70%

76
Q

What is unique about the Dead Sea

A

It’s 9 times saltier than the ocean

77
Q

What mountain has two peaks? What is significant about the location

A

Mt. Ararat; it’s where Noah’s ark rested

78
Q

What is Africa’s longest mountain chain

A

The Atlas Mountains

79
Q

How do you suggest that middle eastern countries handle their ethnic diversity? What can be done differently? Should we care

A

I think the middle eastern countries should be more ethnically diversed. I think they should allow people of different races and religious beliefs to live there. Also I think the western nations should care.

80
Q

Founder of Judaism

A

Abraham of the bible

81
Q

Founder of Islam

A

Muhammad

82
Q

What Christian holiday celebrates the resurrection of Jesus

A

Easter

83
Q

Founder of Christianity

A

Jesus

84
Q

Definition of monotheism

A

Believes in only one God

85
Q

Why is Jerusalem important to Christians

A

It’s where the passion, crucifixion, resurrection, and the last supper took place

86
Q

Why/how do you think religion plays an important role in the conflicts ongoing in the Middle East today

A

Because some people don’t like what others believe in and want that religion to “end” or leave that area. So, they threaten to attack and kill people unless they start to believe in what they want them to believe

87
Q

Which peninsula consists of the countries of Norway and Sweden

A

Scandinavia

88
Q

Which peninsula contains the countries of Spain and Portugal

A

Iberian

89
Q

Which peninsula contains the country Italy

A

Apennine

90
Q

Which peninsula consists of the countries of Albania, Greece, and Romania

A

Balkan

91
Q

Which peninsula is made up of the country of Denmark

A

Jutland

92
Q

What is the most important River in Eastern Europe

A

Danube

93
Q

What is the most important River in Western Europe

A

Rhine

94
Q

Which wind brings cold air to southern France

A

Mistral

95
Q

Which wind brings hot winds from the North African deserts of Libya

A

Siroccos

96
Q

Where is the Black Forest found

A

Germany

97
Q

Which religion do the swedes share

A

Lutheranism

98
Q

Which ethnic group of Belgium trace their ancestry to the celts who lived there during the Germanic invasion

A

Walloons

99
Q

What is a system in which powerful lords give lands to nobles in return for pledges of loyalty

A

Feudalism

100
Q

Where do the industrial Revolution begin

A

Great Britain

101
Q

Which country became the symbol of the Cold War

A

Germany

102
Q

Which two civilizations became the model for the western world

A

Ancient Greece and Rome

103
Q

What is the main problem between the Flemings and the Walloons

A

Language

104
Q

What is the least populated country in Europe? Most populated?

A

Vatican City; Germany

105
Q

What characteristics can define Iceland

A

Hot springs, volcanoes, and geysers

106
Q

Which River connects industrial cities to the busy port of Rotterdam on the North Sea

A

Rhine

107
Q

Who led the communist world

A

USSR

108
Q

Where did artists seek influence from during the Renaissance

A

Ancient Greece and Rome

109
Q

Explain how the ocean currents and wind patterns affect the climates in Europe

A

Winds blow over the Atlantic Ocean onto the land from the Gulf Stream and North Atlantic drift. Mistrals being cold air to France from the alps. Siroccos bring hot winds from the deserts of Libya

110
Q

What is communism and how did it come into the scene in Europe

A

An economic and political system designed to establish classless societies in which workers would control industrial production; because of social problems by poorly paid factory workers and unhealthy living conditions for them.

Geography (14 decks)

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