1st SEMESTER - 3

Question 1

Elements usually involved in organic compounds.

Answer 1

Carbon, hydrogen, oxygen, nitrogen, sulfur, phosporus

Question 2

Define functional groups

Answer 2

The group of atoms that give characteristic to an organic compound and is the reactive site of a molecule where chemical reactions occur.

Question 3

Substances in the concept of ionization. Define each.

Answer 3

Electrolytes - dissociates into ions and a conductor of electrons.

Non-Electrolytes - dissociates into molecules and does not conduct electricity.

Question 4

Bronsted-Lowry Base

Answer 4

A bronsted-lowry base is proton (H+) acceptor.

Question 5

Carboxylic acid functional goup

Answer 5

Carbon double bonded to an oxygen and single bonded to an alcohol

Question 6

Lewis acid

Answer 6

A lewis acid is an electron pair acceptor.

Question 7

The property of H2O (water) which makes it possible to react with both acids as well as bases.

Answer 7

Amphoteric Substance

Question 8

Limitation of Arrhenius Theory

Answer 8

Only applicable to aqueous solutions.

Question 9

Father of Ionization

Answer 9

Svante Arrhenius

Question 10

Ether functional group

Answer 10

Oxygen bonded to two carbons

Question 11

Thiol functional group

Answer 11

Bonded sulfur and hydrogen

Question 12

Differentiate Arrhenius Acid and Base

Answer 12

An Arrhenius acid is increases the Hydrogen Ions (H+) concentration when dissolved in water. While Arrhenius base increases the Hydroxide Ions (OH-) when dissolved in water.

Question 13

Amine functional group

Answer 13

NH2

Question 14

Bronsted-Lowry Acid

Answer 14

A Bronsted-Lowry acid is a proton (H+) donor.

Question 15

Lewis Base

Answer 15

A lewis base is an electron pair donor.

Question 16

Product pair of bronsted-lowry theory

Answer 16

Conjugate pairs

Question 17

Characteristics of a strong Arrhenius base.

Answer 17

Metallic and from groups 1 and 2

Question 18

Product of Heterolytic cleavage

Answer 18

Electrophile - e deficient

Nucleophile - e rich

Question 19

Define organic reacttions

Answer 19

Bond breaking and bond formation in order for chemical reactions to occur.

Question 20

Aldehyde functional group

Answer 20

C double bonded to O and single bonded to H

Question 21

Differentiate heterolytic and homolytic cleavage.

Answer 21

Homolytic cleavage also known as unsymmetrical cleavage is a common type of organic reaction that produces an electron deficient and electron rich molecule/atom. Heterolytic cleavage also known as symmetrical cleavage is where electrons are equally distributed by two atoms.

Question 22

Ketone functional group

Answer 22

C double bonded to O and bonded to alkyl group

Question 23

Difference of Arrhenius and Bronsted-Lowry Theories

Answer 23

Arrhenius theory is only applicable and limits only to aqueous solutions. Bronsted-Lowry has a wider scope and expands the definition of Arrhenius acids and bases.

Question 24

Types of Organic Reactions

Answer 24

Addition, Elimination, Substitution, Rearrangement, oxidation, reduction

Question 25

Amide functional group

Answer 25

C double bonded to O and contains an amine group

Question 26

The type of electrolyte is based on?

Answer 26

How fast/slow it dissociates.

Question 27

Basic similarity between the Arrhenius and Bronsted-Lowry Definitions.

Answer 27

The production of the hydrogen ion (H+) and the hydroxide ion (OH-).

Question 28

Difference of Aromatic and cycloalkanes.

Answer 28

Aromatic is a ring double bond hydrocarbon while cycloalkanes is a ring single bond hydrocarbon.

Question 29

Differentiate Bronsted-Lowry Base and Acid.

Answer 29

A bronsted-lowry base is proton (H+) acceptor while a bronsted-lowry acid is a proton (H+) donor.

Question 30

Alkyl halide functional group

Answer 30

C bonded to a halogen

Question 31

An electrophile product of heterolytic cleavage. An nucleophile product of heterolytic cleavage.

Answer 31

Carbocation. Carbanion.

Question 32

Increase in H+ concentration. Increase in OH- concentration.

Answer 32

Arrhenius Acid. Arrhenius Base.

Question 33

Differentiate Lewis Acid and Lewis Base.

Answer 33

Lewis acid is an electron acceptor while a Lewis Base is an electron pair donor.

Question 34

Ester functional group

Answer 34

Esters have the functional group –COO