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Inorganic & Organic Chemistry > 1st SEMESTER - 3 > Flashcards

1st SEMESTER - 3 Flashcards

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1
Q

Elements usually involved in organic compounds.

A

Carbon, hydrogen, oxygen, nitrogen, sulfur, phosporus

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2
Q

Define functional groups

A

The group of atoms that give characteristic to an organic compound and is the reactive site of a molecule where chemical reactions occur.

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3
Q

Substances in the concept of ionization. Define each.

A

Electrolytes - dissociates into ions and a conductor of electrons.

Non-Electrolytes - dissociates into molecules and does not conduct electricity.

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4
Q

Bronsted-Lowry Base

A

A bronsted-lowry base is proton (H+) acceptor.

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5
Q

Carboxylic acid functional goup

A

Carbon double bonded to an oxygen and single bonded to an alcohol

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6
Q

Lewis acid

A

A lewis acid is an electron pair acceptor.

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7
Q

The property of H2O (water) which makes it possible to react with both acids as well as bases.

A

Amphoteric Substance

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8
Q

Limitation of Arrhenius Theory

A

Only applicable to aqueous solutions.

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9
Q

Father of Ionization

A

Svante Arrhenius

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10
Q

Ether functional group

A

Oxygen bonded to two carbons

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11
Q

Thiol functional group

A

Bonded sulfur and hydrogen

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12
Q

Differentiate Arrhenius Acid and Base

A

An Arrhenius acid is increases the Hydrogen Ions (H+) concentration when dissolved in water. While Arrhenius base increases the Hydroxide Ions (OH-) when dissolved in water.

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13
Q

Amine functional group

A

NH2

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14
Q

Bronsted-Lowry Acid

A

A Bronsted-Lowry acid is a proton (H+) donor.

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15
Q

Lewis Base

A

A lewis base is an electron pair donor.

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16
Q

Product pair of bronsted-lowry theory

A

Conjugate pairs

17
Q

Characteristics of a strong Arrhenius base.

A

Metallic and from groups 1 and 2

18
Q

Product of Heterolytic cleavage

A

Electrophile - e deficient

Nucleophile - e rich

19
Q

Define organic reacttions

A

Bond breaking and bond formation in order for chemical reactions to occur.

20
Q

Aldehyde functional group

A

C double bonded to O and single bonded to H

21
Q

Differentiate heterolytic and homolytic cleavage.

A

Homolytic cleavage also known as unsymmetrical cleavage is a common type of organic reaction that produces an electron deficient and electron rich molecule/atom. Heterolytic cleavage also known as symmetrical cleavage is where electrons are equally distributed by two atoms.

22
Q

Ketone functional group

A

C double bonded to O and bonded to alkyl group

23
Q

Difference of Arrhenius and Bronsted-Lowry Theories

A

Arrhenius theory is only applicable and limits only to aqueous solutions. Bronsted-Lowry has a wider scope and expands the definition of Arrhenius acids and bases.

24
Q

Types of Organic Reactions

A

Addition, Elimination, Substitution, Rearrangement, oxidation, reduction

25
Q

Amide functional group

A

C double bonded to O and contains an amine group

26
Q

The type of electrolyte is based on?

A

How fast/slow it dissociates.

27
Q

Basic similarity between the Arrhenius and Bronsted-Lowry Definitions.

A

The production of the hydrogen ion (H+) and the hydroxide ion (OH-).

28
Q

Difference of Aromatic and cycloalkanes.

A

Aromatic is a ring double bond hydrocarbon while cycloalkanes is a ring single bond hydrocarbon.

29
Q

Differentiate Bronsted-Lowry Base and Acid.

A

A bronsted-lowry base is proton (H+) acceptor while a bronsted-lowry acid is a proton (H+) donor.

30
Q

Alkyl halide functional group

A

C bonded to a halogen

31
Q

An electrophile product of heterolytic cleavage. An nucleophile product of heterolytic cleavage.

A

Carbocation. Carbanion.

32
Q

Increase in H+ concentration. Increase in OH- concentration.

A

Arrhenius Acid. Arrhenius Base.

33
Q

Differentiate Lewis Acid and Lewis Base.

A

Lewis acid is an electron acceptor while a Lewis Base is an electron pair donor.

34
Q

Ester functional group

A

Esters have the functional group –COO

Inorganic & Organic Chemistry (6 decks)

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